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Cisco Systems Dial NMS manual What is SNMPv1?, SNMPv1 and ASN1 Data Types

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What is SNMPv1?

Overview of Basic SNMP Building Blocks

What is SNMPv1?

SNMP must account for and adjust to incompatibilities between managed devices. Different computers use different data-representation techniques, which can compromise the ability of SNMP to exchange information between managed devices.

What is SNMPv1?

SNMPv1 is the initial implementation of the SNMP protocol and is described in RFC 1157 (http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1157).

SNMPv1:

•Functions within the specifications of the Structure of Management Information (SMI).

•Operates over protocols such as User Datagram Protocol (UDP), Internet Protocol (IP), OSI Connectionless Network Service (CLNS), AppleTalk Datagram-Delivery Protocol (DDP), and Novell Internet Packet Exchange (IPX).

•Is the de facto network-management protocol in the Internet community.

The SMI defines the rules for describing management information by using Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1). The SNMPv1 SMI is defined in RFC 1155 (http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1155). The SMI makes three specifications:

•ASN.1 data types

•SMI-specific data types

•SNMP MIB tables

SNMPv1 and ASN1 Data Types

The SNMPv1 SMI specifies that all managed objects must have a subset of associated ASN.1 data types. Three ASN.1 data types are required:

•Name—Serves as the object identifier (object ID).

•Syntax—Defines the data type of the object (for example, integer or string). The SMI uses a subset of the ASN.1 syntax definitions.

•Encoding—Describes how information associated with a managed object is formatted as a series of data items for transmission over the network.

SNMPv1 and SMI-Specific Data Types

The SNMPv1 SMI specifies the use of many SMI-specific data types, which are divided into two categories:

•Simple data types—Including these three types:

`Integers—A signed integer in the range of -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647.

`Octet strings—Ordered sequences of zero to 65,535 octets.

`Object IDs— Come from the set of all object identifiers allocated according to the rules specified in ASN.1.

Basic Dial NMS Implementation Guide

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Cisco Systems Dial NMS manual What is SNMPv1?, SNMPv1 and ASN1 Data Types, SNMPv1 and SMI-Specific Data Types

Contents

Cisco Systems, Inc 170 West Tasman Drive San Jose, CA Internetworking Solutions Guide August Corporate HeadquartersBasic Dial NMS Implementation Guide 800 553-NETS Fax 408Basic Dial NMS Implementation Guide Copyright 2000, Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reservedC O N T E N T S Task 1-Enabling SNMP in a Cisco IOS Device Task 3-Using MRTG to Monitor and Graph Traffic LoadsTask 5-Setting Up a Web Portal for the Dial NMS Enabling SNMPTask 8-Using CiscoWorks 2000 Resource Manager Essentials Task 6-Managing IP Addresses by Using DNSTask 7-Using HP OpenView to Create the SNMP Framework Using CiscoViewContents Basic Dial NMS Implementation Guide Audience PrefacePurpose ScopeConventions boldLEEE Related Documentation and Sites Technical References and SupportInternetworking Solutions Guides FreewareCisco Product Documentation Cisco Connection Online Documentation CD-ROM Documentation FeedbackAcknowledgements Overview of Basic SNMP Building Blocks About SNMPWhat are the Basic Components of SNMP? SNMP Technology TAC Page -NetworkManaged devices Figure 1 An SNMP-Managed Network About Basic SNMP Message Types and CommandsAbout Basic SNMP Message Types and Commands Entity NMSWhat are SNMP MIBs? A managed object has these unique identities What is SNMPv1? SNMPv1 and ASN1 Data TypesSNMPv1 and SMI-Specific Data Types What is SNMPv2? SNMPv1 Protocol OperationsSMI Information Modules About SNMP ManagementSNMPv2 and SMI SNMPv2 Protocol OperationsAbout SNMP Security Overview of Basic SNMP Building Blocks About SNMP Security Basic Dial NMS Implementation GuideNetwork Design for a Dial NMS Case Study Introduction to the Case StudyBenefits of a Dial NMS Network Design Questions Dial NMS Planning QuestionnaireTHEnet AnswersNetwork Design Questions Network Design Questions and Answers continuedTHEnet Answersdebug ppp error Dial NMS Service Definitionshow isdn service show controller t1show modem version show versionshow running show interface accounting` show modem connect-speeds ` show access-lists` show modem operational-status show modem summaryNetwork Topology Figure 5 Network Topology for One POPFigure 6 Network Topology for the NOC Capacity-Planning Matrix for the Line and Chassis Requirements Hardware RequirementsHardware Description for Two POPs and the NOC 3 monthsSoftware Requirements Dial NMS Software and Management System RequirementsConfiguration Design Parameters POP #1 Contact Phone Implementation and Operation TasksSupport T1 Dial-in NumberNetwork Design for a Dial NMS Case Study Implementation and Operation TasksBasic Dial NMS Implementation Guide System Management Dial MIBs and OIDs Used in the Case StudyDial Related MIB II / Interfacescall-counters show modem summaryshow controllers t1 show isdn memory See theshow modem summary show controllers t1call-counters show modemshow caller ip show caller ipshow isdn history show caller ipTask 1-Enabling SNMP in a Cisco IOS Device About Enabling SNMPEnabling SNMP Table 13 SNMP Command DescriptionsEnables traps for unsolicited notifications for configuration Task 1-Enabling SNMP in a Cisco IOS Device About Enabling SNMP Basic Dial NMS Implementation GuideTask 2- Exploring SNMP Capabilities by Using About Using UCD-SNMPUCD-SNMP Installing UCD-SNMP and Downloading Cisco MIBs Exploring SNMP MIBs for Dial Netwo rks1.3.6.1.2.1 location. The Cisco enterprises prefix points to Note Do not forget the space between and /export About SNMP Commander Setting Up SNMP CommanderAbout SNMP Commander Figure 8 SNMP Commander ToolTask 2- Exploring SNMP Capabilities by Using UCD-SNMP Basic Dial NMS Implementation GuideTask 2- Exploring SNMP Capabilities by Using UCD-SNMP About SNMP CommanderBasic Dial NMS Implementation Guide Task 2- Exploring SNMP Capabilities by Using UCD-SNMP About SNMP Commander Basic Dial NMS Implementation GuideTask 3-Using MRTG to Monitor and Graph Traffic Loads About MRTGAbout Selecting Dial OIDs Table 14 Circuit Utilization OIDsVariable Base MIB and OID Base MIB and OIDDescription DescriptionHow to Inspect and Interpret Data Figure 11 Daily Graph DS0s and PPP Sessions in Use Figure 12 Weekly Graph DS0s and PPP Sessions in UseThe configuration file used to create these graphs is posted at Creating and Editing a Configuration File Interface TypeSyntax Example Example Task 3-Using MRTG to Monitor and Graph Traffic Loads How to Inspect and Interpret DataBasic Dial NMS Implementation Guide Task 3-Using MRTG to Monitor and Graph Traffic Loads How to Inspect and Interpret DataBasic Dial NMS Implementation Guide crontab from any directory Sending MRTG Graphs to a Web Server Page Task 3-Using MRTG to Monitor and Graph Traffic Loads How to Inspect and Interpret Data Basic Dial NMS Implementation GuideAbout Syslog emergencies About NTP About Modem Call RecordsReleases 11.3AA and 12.0T Enabling NTP on a Cisco IOS Device Setting Up an NTP Client The following information appears Troubleshooting the NTP Client Enabling Syslog and Modem Call Records in the Cisco IOS Softwarentpq -p command console errors or logging console warnings Configuring the Syslog Daemon daemon is not running, no ID is returned Inspecting Syslog Messages in t he Log File Figure 18 Syslog Messages that Appear by Using FTP and a Web BrowserUses FTP to view About Modem Call Records Basic Dial NMS Implementation Guide Task 5-Setting Up a Web Portal for the Dial NMS About a Web PortalUtility FunctionBuilding a Device Linker Web Page OOB console access Troubleshooting a Cisco 2511 Console Connection About HTTP Access to the CLI Using HTTP to Access CLI Commandsshow file systems show running configurationshow isdn service show ip routeauthorization show caller timeoutauthentication debug ppp authenticationAbout HTTP Access to the CLI Figure 22 Cisco IOS CLI CommanderTask 5-Setting Up a Web Portal for the Dial NMS Basic Dial NMS Implementation GuideAbout HTTP Access to the CLI Figure 23 Output for the Show Caller CommandTask 5-Setting Up a Web Portal for the Dial NMS Basic Dial NMS Implementation GuideTask 6-Managing IP Addresses by Using DNS About Managing IP AddressesReference Using Cisco Network Registrar CLI Command s Note The NRCMD command mode is not used In the previous example, the zone command Using a Batch File to Make Changes to a DNS Configuration Creating a Primary Forward Zone Creating an IP Tracker Web PageFigure 24 IP Tracker Web Page Task 6-Managing IP Addresses by Using DNS About Managing IP AddressesTo create an IP tracker web page, follow these steps Basic Dial NMS Implementation GuideStep 2 Understand how the CGI scripts function Refresh 1 hours How to Create a Reverse DNS Zoneesupport-austin.the.net Retry 30 minutesTask 6-Managing IP Addresses by Using DNS How to Create a Reverse DNS Zone Basic Dial NMS Implementation GuideTask 7-Using HP OpenView to Create the SNMP Framework About HP OpenViewVerifying the SNMP Configuration Connected to native database openviewIn the SNMP Configuration screen, enter the following information About HP OpenView Task 7-Using HP OpenView to Create the SNMP FrameworkStep 4 Click Add and Apply to submit the entries Basic Dial NMS Implementation GuideAbout SNMP Demand Polls Performing an SNMP Demand PollStep 5 Select Network Connectivity Poll Node Figure 29 Successful SNMP Test Testing SNMP Get RequestsTable 31 Important Fields to Inspect In the Polling Results continued Table 32 Test IP/TCP/SNMP Field DescriptionsTroubleshooting SNMP and a Demand Poll Verifying that SNMP Traps Are ReceivedStep 1 Open the All Events Browser. From the Fault menu, select Events Unmanaging the Dial Ports Creating and Adjustin g Maps About Discovery Filters Select Automatic LayoutChoose Off For This Submap Setting Up and Editing a Discover y Filter TheNetNodeList This is the filter for TheNet nodeslist TheNetNodes TheNetFiltersUsing the HPOV CLI to Enter a Device into the Database Task 7-Using HP OpenView to Create the SNMP Framework About Discovery Filters Basic Dial NMS Implementation GuideCiscoWorks 2000 TAC Support Page -Provides links to Task 8-Using CiscoWorks 2000 Resource Manager EssentialsAbout CiscoWorks 2000 RME CiscoWorks 2000 Documentation Set -A collection ofImporting Devices from HPOV and Popul ating the Databases Step 5 Select Inventory Import from Local NMSChoose Resolve conflicts after importing Choose Cisco devices only Verifying that Device Polling is Turned On Polling the Devices Figure 35 The Status of the DevicesStep 6 Click Finish Task 8-Using CiscoWorks 2000 Resource Manager EssentialsFigure 36 Devices Listed in the Availability Monitor About CiscoWorks 2000 RMEBacking up Cisco IOS Configurations Step 2 Select All DevicesUsing CiscoView Step 2 Go to Monitor CiscoViewAbout CiscoWorks 2000 RME Task 8-Using CiscoWorks 2000 Resource Manager EssentialsFigure 39 Available Modems in the Cisco AS5800 Dial Shelf Basic Dial NMS Implementation GuideTask 8-Using CiscoWorks 2000 Resource Manager Essentials About CiscoWorks 2000 RME Basic Dial NMS Implementation GuideI N D E Page Page Page Page Index Basic Dial NMS Implementation Guide