Purpose, Measurement Method, Chapter | Agilent Technologies E4406A

Making the Adjacent Channel Power (ACP) Measurement

Making Measurements

Making the Adjacent Channel Power (ACP) Measurement

Making the Adjacent Channel Power (ACP) Measurement

Purpose

Adjacent Channel Power(ACP) is the power contained in a specified frequency channel bandwidth relative to the total carrier power. It may also be expressed as a ratio of power spectral densities between the carrier and the specified offset frequency band.

As a composite measurement of out-of-channel emissions, ACP combines both in-band and out-of-band specifications to provide useful figures-of-merit for spectral regrowth and emissions produced by components and circuit blocks without the rigor of performing a full spectrum emissions mask measurement.

To maintain a quality call by avoiding channel interference, it is important to measure and reduce any adjacent channel leakage power transmitted from a mobile phone. The characteristics of adjacent channel leakage power are mainly determined by the transmitter design, particularly the low-pass filter.

Measurement Method

This ACP measurement analyzes the total power levels within the defined carrier bandwidth and at given frequency offsets on both sides of the carrier frequency.This measurement requires the user to specify measurement bandwidths of the carrier channel and each of the offset frequency pairs up to 5. Each pair may be defined with unique measurement bandwidths.

It uses an integration bandwidth (IBW) method that performs a time domain data acquisition and applies FFT to get a frequency domain trace. In this process, the channel integration bandwidth is analyzed using the automatically defined resolution bandwidth (RBW), which is much narrower than the channel bandwidth. The measurement computes an average power of the channel over a specified number of data acquisitions, automatically compensating for resolution bandwidth and noise bandwidth.

If Total Pwr Ref is selected as the measurement type, the results are displayed as relative power in dBc and as absolute power in dBm. If PSD Ref (Power Spectral Density Reference) is selected, the results are displayed as relative power in dB, and as absolute power in dBm/Hz.

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Agilent Technologies E4406A manual Making the Adjacent Channel Power ACP Measurement, Purpose, Measurement Method, Chapter

Contents

Transmitter Tester User’s GuideAgilent Technologies E4406A VSA Series Safety Information EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES WarrantyLIMITATION OF WARRANTY Page Getting Started ContentsUsing System Features 4. Making Measurements Contents3.Setting the Mode Contents Changing the Measurement Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 Changing the Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 Using the Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 Troubleshooting Hints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 Making the Power Stat CCDF Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 Measurement Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 Making the Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 Changing the Measurement Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138 Changing the View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 Changing the Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 Using the Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 Troubleshooting Hints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 Service Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 Timebase Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 Measurement Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 Test Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 50 MHz Amplitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 Measurement Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 Test Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 Sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 Measurement Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 Test Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 Front Panel Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 Test Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 Troubleshooting Hints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 Service Power vs. Time Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 Using Baseband I/Q Inputs Option B7C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 What are Baseband I/Q Inputs? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152 What are Baseband I/Q Signals? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 Why Make Measurements at Baseband?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 Making Measurements with Baseband I/Q Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 Baseband I/Q Measurement Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 Selecting Input Probes for Baseband Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 Selecting Baseband I/Q Inputs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 Selecting Baseband I/Q Input Connectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 Setting Up Baseband I/Q Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 Baseband I/Q Measurement Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 Baseband I/Q Measurement Result Examples 6. Options and Accessories Contents5. If You Have a Problem List of Keys List of Keys Front Panel Test List of Keys Reference List of Keys Getting Started Topics include Part Description TableStandard Documentation Measurement Option TablePersonality Documentation Part Description Description URL for the Latest VSA Transmitter Tester UpdateUnderstanding Digital Communications Measurements Agilent Part Chapter Updating the FirmwareGetting Started Step Making a MeasurementSetup Keys Primary Key Front Panel Keys Context Dependency System Meas View/Setup Trace Service GSM cdmaOne Waveform Time DomainSpectrum Freq Domain Spurious Close Channel Power MEASURESetup Marker Channel PowerSetup Getting Started Meas View/Setup Trace Service GSM cdmaOne Waveform Time DomainSpectrum Freq Domain Spurious Close Channel Power MEASURESetup Front Panel Description 2.Control keys Getting Started Front Panel Description Chapter 6.Mode keys select the measurement mode and mode parameters See page 83 for more detail Getting Started Front Panel Description Chapter 12.Floppy Disk Drive. The floppy disk drive accepts 1.44 megabyte disks. For an explanation of the operation of the floppy disc drive see the Using Print Keys section on page be implemented with a future firmware update Chapter Rear Panel DescriptionGetting Started Rear Panel Description measurements. The external trigger accepts an 11. PARALLEL The PARALLEL connection supports remote printing Display Annotation Measurement Bar. Displays information about ESec even second clock - The green ESec Installing Optional Measurement Personalities Available Personality Options Key Path Loading the Optional PersonalityRequired Information Available Personality Options Viewing a License Key Installing a License Key Using the Uninstall KeyPage Figure 1-6HP F1047-80002Cable Cables for Connecting to the Serial Port RS-232Figure 1-5HP 24542U Cable Figure Cables for Connecting to the Serial Port RS-232Figure 1-7HP 24542G/H Cable HP 92219J Cable Figure 1-11HP C2913A/C2914A Cable Cables for Connecting to the Serial Port RS-232Figure 1-10HP 24542M Modem Cable Figure 1-12Mouse Adapter typical Figure 1-14HP 24542U Cable with 5181-6640Adapter Cables for Connecting to the Serial Port RS-232Figure 1-13HP 24542U Cable with 5181-6641Adapter Figure 1-15HP 24542U Cable with 5181-6642Adapter Figure 1-16HP 24542U Cable with 5181-6639Adapter Figure 1-19HP F1047-80002Cable with 5181-6642Adapter Safety Considerations Instrument Installation Instrument Operation and Maintenance Safety Considerations for Service Personnel Getting Started Safety Considerations Chapter Using System Features Using System Keys Install and Uninstall Table Key LocationsKey Access Locations Chapter Using System FeaturesKey Locations Using System Features Key Access LocationsTable Key Access Path Key Access Path Key Access LocationsUsing System Features Key Locations Table Key Access Path Key Access LocationsUsing System Features Key Locations Table Key Access Path Key Access LocationsUsing System Features Table Key Access Path Key Access LocationsUsing System Features Key Locations Input/Input Port Using System FeaturesKey Locations Chapter Using System Features Key Locations Chapter Key Access Path Key Access LocationsUsing System Features Key Locations Using Print and Print Setup Functions Printing a Displayed Screen Front Panel Key language default towhen Color Print is set to Level Chapter Using System FeaturesUsing Print and Print Setup Functions shown below are selectedthe six screen files available only when Saving a State Using File and Save KeysLoading a State Level Using the Alpha Editor KeysLevel Level Using Input/Output Configuration Keys Configuring I/O •SCPI LAN - Accesses the following keys Front Panel File SystemReference Level •10 MHz Out - Activates, or deactivates, the 10 MHz out signal on the rear panel of the instrument. The 10 MHz out can be used to lock other test equipment to the same frequency reference that is used by the transmitter tester. Once activated, the 10 MHz out feature is persistent, so if it is set to On it will remain on, even if the instrument has been preset, or powered off and then on Show Errors Using System Configuration and Alignment KeysRestore System Defaults features are described in the service guide Show System Show System Displays Using System FeaturesUsing System Configuration and Alignment Keys Chapter Using System Configuration and Alignment Keys System LocalUsing System Features Chapter Level AlignmentFront Level remains constant Chapter Using System FeaturesUsing System Configuration and Alignment Keys Chapter Using System FeaturesUsing System Configuration and Alignment Keys Setting the Mode Chapter Selecting a ModeSetting the Mode Selecting a Mode Mode Setup Input Keys Adjust Input Attenuation and Input Power Adjust the IF Align Signal Trigger Keys •RF Burst Wideband •Video IF Envlp Selecting the Frequency/Channel •Sync Source key menu 4 Making Measurements Basic Measurements Preparing for Measurements Initial SetupUsing Measure Keys Averaging Measurement SetupMeasurement Control Voltage Avg - The voltage is averaged Trigger Source •Trace Display Changing the View•Typical Measurement Windows Span / X Scale Keys •Amplitude / Y Scale Keys Markers Using MarkersTrace Marker Functions Search Marker Measurement Method Making the Spectrum Frequency Domain MeasurementPurpose Making the Measurement Results Table Changing the Measurement SetupSpectrum Frequency Domain Measurement Defaults Making Measurements measurement data Auto Auto Peak - Select this to set the ADC range automatically to the peak signal level. Auto peak is a compromise that works well for both CW and burst signals Making the Spectrum Frequency Domain Measurement Changing the ViewMaking Measurements Chapter Figure 4-4Spectrum Measurement - I/Q Polar View Changing the Display Changing the Linear Spectrum Display Changing the I or Q Waveform Window Making Measurements Changing the I/Q Polar WindowSelecting Displayed Traces Within Windows Making the Spectrum Frequency Domain Measurement Using the Markers Measuring Band Power Making the Spectrum Frequency Domain Measurement Troubleshooting HintsMaking Measurements Chapter Measurement Method Making the Waveform Time Domain MeasurementPurpose Making the Measurement Input signal: cdma2000 Rev 8, SR1, 9 Channel Results Chapter Making MeasurementsMaking the Waveform Time Domain Measurement Table Changing the Measurement SetupWaveform Time Domain Measurement Defaults In addition, the following parameters can be modified Chapter Making MeasurementsMaking the Waveform Time Domain Measurement Changing the View Meas Setup: View/Trace = I/Q Waveform View Changing the Display Figure 4-9Waveform Measurement - I/Q Polar View Chapter Making MeasurementsMaking the Waveform Time Domain Measurement Using the Markers •Off - Allows you to turn off the selected marker Troubleshooting Hints differing values for the maximum point Purpose Making the Adjacent Channel Power ACP MeasurementMaking the Adjacent Channel Power ACP Measurement Measurement Method Results ACP Setup RecommendationMaking the Measurement Table Making the Adjacent Channel Power ACP Measurement Changing the Measurement SetupAdjacent Channel Power Measurement Defaults Figure 4-10ACP Measurement - Bar Graph View Maximum Making the Adjacent Channel Power ACP MeasurementMaking Measurements Chapter Offset A 750.000 kHz Offset B 1.98000 MHz Chapter Changing the View •Limit Test - Turns off the limit test function Making Measurements Making the Adjacent Channel Power ACP MeasurementFigure 4-11ACP Measurement - Spectrum View Chapter Troubleshooting Hints This adjacent channel power ratio measurement can reveal degraded or defective parts in the transmitter section of the UUT. The following examples are those areas to be checked further Purpose Making the Channel Power MeasurementMaking the Channel Power Measurement Measurement Method Results Channel Power MeasurementMaking the Measurement Figure Table Changing the Measurement SetupChannel Power Measurement Defaults Page Changing the Display Using the MarkerTroubleshooting Hints Measurement Method Making the Power Stat CCDF MeasurementPurpose Results Power Statistics CCDF MeasurementMaking the Measurement Figure Table Changing the Measurement SetupPower Statistics CCDF Measurement Defaults Changing the Display Making the Power Stat CCDF MeasurementChanging the View Making Measurements •Off - Allows you to turn off the selected marker Using the MarkersTroubleshooting Hints Service Measurements Front Panel Test on page Pwr vs Time on page Purpose Test SetupTimebase Frequency Measurement Method Window One Time Record Window Three Freq ErrorResults Window Two Magnitude Purpose 50 MHz AmplitudeTest Setup Measurement Method Window One RF Magnitude Window Three ErrorResults Window Two Cal Magnitude Purpose SensorsTest Setup Measurement Method Making Measurements Sensors Chapter Purpose Front Panel TestTest Setup Making Measurements Front Panel Test Troubleshooting HintsResults Chapter Purpose Service Power vs. Time MeasurementService Power vs. Time Measurement Making Measurements Using Baseband I/Q Inputs Option B7C What are Baseband I/Q Inputs? What are Baseband I/Q Signals? Why Make Measurements at Baseband? Making Measurements with Baseband I/Q Inputs Making Measurements Baseband I/Q Measurement OverviewUsing Baseband I/Q Inputs Option B7C Chapter Selecting Input Probes for Baseband Measurements Chapter Using Baseband I/Q Inputs Option B7CMaking Measurements Table Agilent Probes - Balanced and Unbalanced Selecting Baseband I/Q Input Connectors Selecting Baseband I/Q Inputs •IF Align - Select to view the IF alignment signal. This signal is available as a diagnostic function, to check the operation of the alignment signal in the case of alignment failure. Once selected, a menu accessing the IF alignment signal parameters is available at the bottom of the Input menu. Either CW, comb, or pulse signals may be selected. Because the alignment signal is input at the IF frequency, it is displayed on any active Spectrum Freq Domain window, regardless of center frequency Table Setting Up Baseband I/Q InputsI/Q Range Settings by Displayed Unit of Measure I and Q TableI and Q Offset Increment vs. I/Q Range I/Q Range Chapter Using Baseband I/Q Inputs Option B7CMaking Measurements Selecting Baseband I/Q Input Impedance Baseband I/Q Measurement Views Spectrum Views and 0 Hz Center Frequency Waveform Views for Baseband I/Q Inputs RF vs. Baseband I/Q Input Measurement Views, by Comparing RF and Baseband I/Q Measurement ViewsTable Measurement Baseband I/Q Measurement Result Examples Channel Power Measurement Making Measurements Using Baseband I/Q Inputs Option B7CSpectrum Frequency Domain Measurement Chapter Figure 4-19Basic Mode Spectrum Linear View- Baseband I/Q Inputs Waveform Time Domain Measurement Table Baseband I/Q Key Access LocationsBaseband I/Q Key Access Locations Table Baseband I/Q Key Access LocationsUsing Baseband I/Q Inputs Option B7C Making Measurements Baseband I/Q - Spectrum I/Q Marker Query BbIQ Programming CommandsCALCulate Subsystem Baseband I/Q - Waveform I/Q Marker Query Sets the amplitude reference level for the y-axis Baseband I/Q - IQ Offset CalibrationDISPlay Subsystem Spectrum - Y-AxisScale/Div Spectrum - Y-AxisReference Level Baseband I/Q - Select Input Impedance Reference INPut SubsystemBaseband I/Q - Select Input Impedance Baseband I/Q - Activate IQ Alignment MEASure Subsystem Baseband I/Q - Select I/Q Voltage Range SENSe Subsystem Select the Input SignalBaseband I/Q - Select I/Q Power Range 5 If You Have a Problem Instrument Messages and Functional Tests document Problem Symptoms and Solutions Key or Feature Does Not Appear in Menu If You Have a Problem LAN External Loopback Test Failed - Error MessageInstrument Fails Alignment - Error Message Problem Symptoms and Solutions Instrument Keyboard is Locked Instrument Power-OnProblemLAN Communication Problem Chapter Support, Services, and AssistanceAgilent Technologies Test and Measurement Asia Call Center Numbers Returning Your Instrument to Agilent TechnologiesTable 5-1Contacting Agilent Options and Accessories Option BAC: cdmaOne Measurement Personality Options and Measurement PersonalitiesOption BAH: GSM Measurement Personality Option BAE: NADC/PDC Measurement Personalities Option B78: cdma2000 Measurement Personality Option HN1: iDEN Measurement PersonalityOption BAF W-CDMAMeasurement Personality Option B7C: Baseband IQ Measurement Personality Option 202: EDGE with GSM Measurement Personality Option 300: 321.4 MHz IF Output Option 0B1: Additional Copy of Manuals Option 1CM Rack Mount Kit Option 0BV: Component-levelService DocumentationOption 0BW: Assembly-levelService Documentation Option 1CN Handles Kit AC Probe AccessoriesBroadband Preamplifiers and Power Amplifiers GPIB Cable Model Number N2714A Calibration and Adjustment SoftwareRS-232Cables Description Numerics IndexIndex Index Index off, 140 select, 140 shape, 140 trace, IndexIndex Index Indexstate Index Index