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Blade ICE G8000 Troubleshooting, Appendix A, „ “Monitoring Ports” on page, BMD00041, November

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APPENDIX A

Troubleshooting

This section discusses some tools to help you troubleshoot common problems on the RackSwitch G8000:

“Monitoring Ports” on page 140

BMD00041, November 2008

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Page 139

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Blade ICE G8000 manual Troubleshooting, Appendix A, „ “Monitoring Ports” on page, BMD00041, November

Contents

Part Number BMD00041, November RackSwitch G8000Application Guide VersionRackSwitch G8000 Application Guide Preface ContentsChapter 1 Accessing the Switch Chapter 2 Port-based Network Access ControlChapter 5 Spanning Tree Chapter 4 Ports and TrunkingChapter 7 Remote Monitoring Chapter 6 Quality of ServiceChapter 10 High Availability Appendix A TroubleshootingChapter 8 Basic IP Routing Chapter 9 IGMPFigures BMD00041, November RackSwitch G8000 Application GuideTables BMD00041, November RackSwitch G8000 Application GuideWho Should Use This Guide PrefaceWhat You’ll Find in This Guide Table 1 Typographic Conventions Typographic ConventionsRackSwitch G8000 Application Guide SymbolHow to Get Help „ “Using the Browser-Based Interface” on page „ “Using SNMP” on page Accessing the SwitchCHAPTER „ “Configuring an IP Interface” on page „ “Using Telnet” on pageCommand Reference Configuring an IP Interface1. Log on to the switch 2. Enter IP interface mode 4. Configure the default gateway. Enable the gatewayUsing Telnet Configuring BBI access via HTTP Using the Browser-Based InterfaceConfiguring BBI access via HTTPS The BBI is organized at a high level as follows SNMP Using SNMPDefault configuration SNMP v1User configuration 22 „ Chapter 1 Accessing the Switch RackSwitch G8000 Application GuideRS G8000 config# snmp-server group 5 user-name admin RS G8000 config# snmp-server group 5 group-name admingrp1. Configure an entry in the notify table Configuring SNMP Trap HostsSNMPv2 trap host configuration SNMPv1 trap hostSNMPv3 trap host configuration „ “End User Access Control” on page Securing Access to the Switch„ “RADIUS Authentication and Authorization” on page „ “TACACS+ Authentication” on pageHow RADIUS authentication works RADIUS Authentication and Authorization2. Configure the RADIUS secret and enable the feature Configuring RADIUSRADIUS authentication features in Blade OS Vendor-supplied Switch User AccountsRADIUS Attributes for G8000 user privileges Vendor-suppliedHow TACACS+ authentication works TACACS+ AuthenticationAuthorization TACACS+ authentication features in Blade OSRS G8000 config# tacacs-server privilege-mapping Accounting Command authorization and loggingRS G8000 config# tacacs-server command-authorization 4. Configure the number of retry attempts, and the timeout period Configuring TACACS+ AuthenticationRS G8000 config# tacacs-server command-logging 2. Configure the TACACS+ secret and second secretSecure Shell Configuring SSH features on the switchSSH encryption of management messages RS G8000 config# ssh generate-server-key Generating RSA Host and Server Keys for SSH accessSSH Integration with RADIUS/TACACS+ Authentication RS G8000 config# ssh generate-host-keySetting up User IDs End User Access ControlConsiderations for configuring End User Accounts User Access ControlEnabling or Disabling a User Defining a User’s access levelListing current Users Logging into an End User account38 „ Chapter 1 Accessing the Switch RackSwitch G8000 Application GuideBMD00041, November „ “Configuration guidelines” on page Port-based Network Access Control„ “Extensible Authentication Protocol over LAN” on page „ “802.1X authentication process” on pageExtensible Authentication Protocol over LAN Port Unauthorized 802.1X authentication processPort Authorized EAPoL message exchange „ Force Unauthorized 802.1X port states„ Unauthorized „ AuthorizedTable 2 Support for RADIUS Attributes Supported RADIUS attributesRackSwitch G8000 Application Guide 44 „ Chapter 2 Port-based Network Access ControlConfiguration guidelines 46 „ Chapter 2 Port-based Network Access Control RackSwitch G8000 Application GuideBMD00041, November „ “VLAN Topologies and Design Considerations” on page VLANsCHAPTER „ “VLANs and Port VLAN ID Numbers” on page „ “VLAN Tagging” on pageOverview VLAN numbers VLANs and Port VLAN ID NumbersViewing VLANs PVID numbers Viewing and Configuring PVIDsVLAN Tagging BS45010A Figure 3-1 Default VLAN settingsFigure 3-3 802.1Q tagging after port-based VLAN assignment Figure 3-2 Port-based VLAN assignmentBefore 16 bits Figure 3-4 802.1Q tag assignmentFigure 3-5 802.1Q tagging after 802.1Q tag assignment untagged packetVLAN Topologies and Design Considerations VLAN configuration rulesComponent Multiple VLANs with Tagging AdaptersDescription Description Component3. Configure the VLANs and their member ports VLAN configuration example1. Enable VLAN tagging on server ports that support multiple VLANs 2. Enable tagging on uplink ports that support multiple VLANsPrivate VLAN ports Private VLANsConfiguration guidelines Configuration example1. Select a VLAN and define the Private VLAN type as primary enable 2. Configure a secondary VLAN and map it to the primary VLAN3. Verify the configuration RackSwitch G8000 Application Guide62 „ Chapter 3 VLANs RackSwitch G8000 Application GuideBMD00041, November „ ““Overview” on page 64” „ “Port Trunking Example” on page Ports and Trunking„ “Configurable Trunk Hash Algorithm” on page CHAPTERStatistical load distribution Built-In fault toleranceOverview Static trunk group configuration rules Before you configure static trunks„ All trunk members must be in the same Spanning Tree Group STG and can belong to only one Spanning Tree Group STG. However if all ports are tagged, then all trunk ports can belong to multiple STGs 1. Follow these steps on the G8000 Port Trunking ExampleTrunk 3 Ports 2, 23, and Trunk 1 Ports 1, 7, andRS G8000 config# portchannel 1 member 1,7,32 2. Repeat the process on the other switch3. Connect the switch ports that will be members in the trunk group 4. Examine the trunking information on each switchConfigurable Trunk Hash Algorithm Admin key Link Aggregation Control ProtocolEach port on the switch can have one of the following LACP modes Configuring LACP LACP configuration guidelines3. Set the LACP mode „ “Per VLAN Rapid Spanning Tree” on page Spanning TreeCHAPTER „ “Overview” on page „ “Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol” on pageTable 5-1 Ports, Trunk Groups, and VLANs OverviewDetermining the Path for Forwarding BPDUs Bridge Protocol Data Units BPDUsBridge Priority Port Path Cost Spanning Tree Group configuration guidelinesChanging the Spanning Tree mode Port PriorityAssigning a VLAN to a Spanning Tree Group Rules for VLAN Tagged ports Creating a VLANAdding and removing ports from STGs BMD00041, November RackSwitch G8000 Application GuideChapter 5 Spanning Tree „ Port state changes Rapid Spanning Tree ProtocolLink Type RSTP configuration guidelinesPort Type and Link Type Edge Port2. Set the Spanning Tree mode to Rapid Spanning Tree RSTP configuration exampleConfigure Rapid Spanning Tree 1. Configure port and VLAN membership on the switchPer VLAN Rapid Spanning Tree Default Spanning Tree configurationFigure 5-1 Two VLANs on one Spanning Tree Group Why do we need multiple Spanning Trees?Figure 5-2 Two VLANs, each on a different Spanning Tree Group Configuring PVRST PVRST configuration guidelines1. Set the Spanning-tree mode to PVRST+ MSTP Region Multiple Spanning Tree ProtocolCommon Internal Spanning Tree MSTP configuration guidelines Blocking VLAN Passing VLANBlocking VLAN RackSwitch G8000 Application Guide2. Configure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol Configuring Multiple Spanning Tree Groupsmember RackSwitch G8000 Application Guideenable memberConfiguring Fast Uplink Convergence Configuration GuidelinesFast Uplink Convergence 92 „ Chapter 5 Spanning Tree RackSwitch G8000 Application GuideBMD00041, November „ “Using DSCP Values to Provide QoS” on page Quality of Service„ “Overview” on page „ “Using ACL Filters” on page „ “Using Storm Control Filters” on pageOverview Permit/DenyFilter COS QueueMAC Extended ACLs Using ACL FiltersIP Extended ACLs IP Standard ACLsTable 6-1 Well-known protocol types RackSwitch G8000 Application GuideRS G8000 config# access-list ip extended RS G8000 config# no access-list ip extendedACL IP Extended Understanding ACL priorityAssigning ACLs to a port Port 1 access group ACL IP ExtendedViewing ACL statistics 3. Verify the configuration ACL configuration examplesExample 1. Configure an Access Control List2. Assign the ACL to port Use this configuration to block traffic from a network destined for a specific host address. All traffic that ingresses port 10 with source IP from the class 100.10.1.0/24 and destination IP 200.20.2.2 is denied1. Configure an Access Control List Exampleconfig# ip access-list ip extended 1. Configure an Access Control List1. Configure an Access Control List RackSwitch G8000 Application Guide4. Configure a MAC ACL to deny all other traffic 2. Configure IP ACLs to deny all other trafficExample ip access-group 1103 in RackSwitch G8000 Application GuideRS G8000 config# interface port RS G8000 config-if#Configuring storm control Using Storm Control FiltersBroadcast storms Differentiated Services Concepts Using DSCP Values to Provide QoS7 6 5 4 The switch can perform the following actions to the DSCP Per Hop Behavior Service Level QoS LevelsDefault QoS Service Levels RackSwitch G8000 Application GuideDSCP-to-802.1p mapping Figure 6-3 Layer 2 802.1q/802.1p VLAN tagged packet Using 802.1p Priority to Provide QoSQueuing and Scheduling 802.1p configuration example1. Configure a port’s default 802.1p priority value to Overview Remote MonitoringCHAPTER 2. Configure the RMON statistics on a port Configuring RMON statisticsRMON group 1-Statistics 1. Enable RMON on a portHistory MIB Object ID RMON group 2-HistoryRS G8000# show rmon history 2. Configure the RMON History parameters for a port RMON group 3-AlarmsConfiguring RMON History 1. Enable RMON on a portConfiguring RMON Alarms Alarm MIB objectsExample 1. Configure the RMON event parameters Configure RMON eventsRMON group 9-Events 1. Configure the RMON Alarm parameters to track ICMP messages„ “IP Routing Benefits” on page Basic IP Routing„ “Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol” on page CHAPTERIP Routing Benefits Figure 8-1 The Router Legacy Network Routing Between IP Subnets„ Traffic to the router increases, increasing congestion Figure 8-2 Switch-Based Routing Topology Example of Subnet RoutingTable 8-1 Subnet Routing Example IP Address Assignments Using VLANs to segregate Broadcast DomainsConfiguration example 2. Assign an IP interface for each subnet attached to the switchenable 4. Add the switch ports to their respective VLANsRackSwitch G8000 Application Guide enable5. Assign a VLAN to each IP interface 6. Configure the default gateway to the routers’ addresses7. Enable IP routing 8. Verify the configurationDynamic Host Configuration Protocol 128 „ Chapter 8 Basic IP Routing RackSwitch G8000 Application GuideBMD00041, November „ “Static Multicast Router” on page IGMPCHAPTER „ “IGMP Snooping” on page „ “IGMPv3 Snooping” on pageRS G8000 config# no ip igmp flood IGMP SnoopingIGMPv3 Snooping FastLeaveRS G8000 config# ip igmp fastleave VLAN number RS G8000 config# ip igmp snoop igmpv3 sources IGMP Snooping configuration exampleConfigure IGMP Snooping RS G8000 config# no ip igmp snoop igmpv3 excludeRS G8000# show ip igmp mrouter RackSwitch G8000 Application Guide5. View dynamic IGMP information RS G8000# show ip igmp groupsStatic Multicast Router Configure a Static Multicast Router2. Verify the configuration BMD00041, November High AvailabilityCHAPTER „ “Uplink Failure Detection” on pageFigure 10-1 Uplink Failure Detection example Uplink Failure Detection„ Link to Monitor LtM Failure Detection PairSpanning Tree Protocol with UFD Configuration guidelines2. Assign the Link to Monitor LtM ports Configuring UFDMonitoring UFD 1. Configure Network Adapter Teaming on the serversBMD00041, November TroubleshootingAPPENDIX A „ “Monitoring Ports” on pageFigure A-1 Monitoring Ports Monitoring Ports3. View the current configuration Configuring Port MirroringPort Mirroring behavior 2. Enable port mirroring142 „ Appendix A Troubleshooting RackSwitch G8000 Application GuideBMD00041, November Index SymbolsNumerics

APPENDIX A

Troubleshooting

“Monitoring Ports” on page 140

“Monitoring Ports” on page 140