1-SampleZ Test tests for the unknown population mean when the population standard deviation is known.

2-SampleZ Test tests the equality of the means of two populations based on independent samples when both population standard deviations are known.

1-PropZ Test tests for an unknown proportion of successes.

2-PropZ Test tests to compare the proportion of successes from two populations.

The t Test tests the hypothesis when the population standard deviation is unknown. The hypothesis that is the opposite of the hypothesis being proven is called the null hypothesis, while the hypothesis being proved is called the alternative hypothesis. The t Test is normally applied to test the null hypothesis. Then a determination is made whether the null hypothesis or alternative hypothesis will be adopted.

1-Samplet Test tests the hypothesis for a single unknown population mean when the population standard deviation is unknown.

2-Samplet Test compares the population means when the population standard deviations are unknown.

LinearReg t Test calculates the strength of the linear association of paired data.

With the Χ2 test, a number of independent groups are provided and a hypothesis is tested relative to the probability of samples being included in each group.

The Χ2 GOF test (Χ2 one-way Test) tests whether the observed count of sample data fits a certain distribution. For example, it can be used to determine conformance with normal distribution or binomial distribution.

The Χ2 two-way test creates a cross-tabulation table that structures mainly two qualitative variables (such as “Yes” and “No”), and evaluates the independence of the variables.

2-SampleF Test tests the hypothesis for the ratio of sample variances. It could be used, for example, to test the carcinogenic effects of multiple suspected factors such as tobacco use, alcohol, vitamin deficiency, high coffee intake, inactivity, poor living habits, etc.

ANOVA tests the hypothesis that the population means of the samples are equal when there are multiple samples. It could be used, for example, to test whether or not different combinations of materials have an effect on the quality and life of a final product.

One-Way ANOVA is used when there is one independent variable and one dependent variable.

Two-Way ANOVA is used when there are two independent variables and one dependent variable.

The following pages explain various statistical calculation methods based on the principles described above. Details concerning statistical principles and terminology can be found in any standard statistics textbook.

On the initial STAT mode screen, press (TEST) to display the test menu, which contains the following items.

•(TEST)(Z) ... Z Tests (page 6-24)

(t) ... t Tests (page 6-26)

(CHI) ... Χ2 Test (page 6-29)

(F) ... 2-Sample F Test (page 6-30)

(ANOV) ... ANOVA (page 6-31)

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