Power Line Related Noise | Silicon Laboratories SI2494/39 guide

AN93

Power Line Related Noise

Figure 73. Odd Harmonics of 50 Hz Manifest as Horizontal Lines Spaced at 100 Hz

Causes:

Unbalanced phone line

High ac leakage supply

Poor CMR in modem Solutions:

Fix the telephone line.

Ground the system to earth or float completely using a battery.

Use an analog supply with lower ac Leakage

Rev. 1.3

289

Image 289

Silicon Laboratories SI2494/39, SI2493/57/34/15/04 manual Power Line Related Noise

Contents

Introduction Functional Block Diagram AN93 Table of Contents AN93 AN93 AN93 AN93 Document Change List Contact Information Modulations Selection GuideProtocols Protocol Function Si2494/93 Si2457 Si2439/34 Si2415 Si2404 ISOmodem Capabilities Carriers and TonesRelease Part Numbers Package Reset Sequence Resetting the DeviceModem System-Side Device Reset Strapping General Considerations Reset-Strap Options for 16-Pin Soic Package SOIC-16 Reset-Strap OptionsMode Reset-Strap Pins Interface Input Clock Pin 5, RXD/MISO Reset-Strap Options for 24-Pin Tssop Package TSSOP-24 Parallel-Interface Options TSSOP-24 UART-Interface Options TSSOP-24 SPI-Interface Clock-Frequency Options Reset Strapping Options for QFN Parts with Uart Operation Input Clk Reset Strapping Options for QFN parts with SPI Operation Pin Functions vs. Interface Mode TSSOP-24 Pin Functions vs. Interface Mode SOIC-16System Interface Pin Functions vs. Interface Mode QFN-38 SPI-Interface Signals UART-Interface SignalsParallel-Interface Signals DTE Rates Ideal DTE Rate bps Actual DTE Rate bps Approximate Error% Symbol Data bits Parity Stop bits Serial Formats Detected in Autobaud ModeFlow Control U70 Bit Function Can MonitorPPD OCD Parallel and SPI Interface Operation Uart Serial Interface TX Fifo Hardware Interface Register Hardware Interface Register Bit Map Signal Function Direction Parallel Interface SignalsParallel Interface Operation Parallel Interface Read Timing SPI Control-and-Address Bit Definitions Bit Function Meaning when High Meaning when LowSPI Interface Operation Interface Communication Modes Power-Down Mode Low-Power ModesWake-on-Ring Mode Sleep Mode Signal Pin Number TSSOP-24 QFN-38 SSI/Voice Mode 24-Pin Tssop and 38-Pin QFN OnlyClkout Fsync SDI SDO Reset SSI Interface Pin Connection Eeprom Interface 24-Pin Tssop and 38-Pin QFN Only Eeprom CommandsEeprom Status Register Any Other Bits are Unused Eeprom Timing EOZ Parameter Symbol Min Typ Max UnitEcsh Eecs Boot Commands Custom Defaults Three-Wire SPI Interface to EepromDetailed Eeprom Examples Eeprom Firmware Upgrades AT Command Macros Customized AT CommandsBoot Command Example Autoloading Firmware Upgrade Example AT Command Macro Example Combination Example Command FunctionCombination Example Dec Hex Display Ascii Chart DAA Line-Side Device Hookswitch and DC Termination AC Termination AC Termination Settings for the Si3018 Line-Side DeviceRinger Impedance and Threshold Pulse Dialing and Spark Quenching Typical Loop Voltage LVS Transfer Function Loop Current Transfer Function Ilim =LVCS40 Condition Billing Tone Detection Legacy-Mode Line Voltage and Loop Current Measurement Hookswitch and DC Termination Power Supply and Bias CircuitryHardware Design Reference Component Functions Optional Billing-Tone Filter Ringer Network TIP From Line Ring DAA Symbol Value EMI/EMC Si3018/10 Schematic Schematic Component Value Suppliers Bill of Materials Layout Guidelines Reference Placement ISOmodem Layout Check List Layout ChecklistLayout Items Required AN93 Module Design Module Design and Application ConsiderationsMotherboard Design Analog Output Modem Module VCC and Reset Filter Audio Quality Audio Filter Response Controller Modem Reference Guide Configuration Status AT Command SetCommand Action DSP Multiple AT Commands on a Single Line Command ExamplesCommand Result Comment Command Result Consecutive U-Register Writes on a Single Line Basic AT Command Set No Patch AT Command Chip Revision EnableModifier ATI0 ATI1 Revision B Patch rbpXYYYY AT Command Chip RevisionRevision C Patch rcpXYYYY ATI0 Speaker is always off Enable result codes See Table Command Action Verbal result codes Program RAM write this command is used to upload firmware +DR=X Disabled+DRNONE +DRV42B RD Connection = Disable synchronous access mode Specifies the mode of operation when initiating a modemSpecifies the mode of operation when answer a modem C,D = Nrzi encoding and decoding disabled = CRC generation checking disableSpecifies action taken if an underrun condition occurs During transparent sub-mode Class 1 Transmit Carrier Country United States default Fixed DTE Rate +GCI?Automatically detect the baud rate BPS V32B ITU-T V.32bis default for Si2415 V22B ITU-T V.22bis default for Si2404ITU-T V.34 default for Si2434 ITU-T V.90 default for Si2457 +PMHR=X Enable Short Phase 1 and Short Phase+PMHT=X +PQC=X = After ring only DCEs decide to use short startup procedures= Off Distinctive Ring Load Voice Factory Defaults Command Action Transmit Gain SelectionDTE/DCE Inactivity Timer ISOmodem on-hook. Aout disabled. Tone detec Ringing Tone Never Appeared Timer Ringing Tone Goes Away TimerOK result code. Default time is 0 seconds Is five seconds Dtmf / Tone Duration Timer Speakerphone AEC, AES and LEC disabledVoice Compression Method Signed PCM Extended AT& Command Set Extended AT CommandsKbps max default for Si2415 Kbps max default for Si2457 transmit and Si2434 Only 56 kbps to 28 kbps TIP + Enable V.42bis in transmit and receive paths Extended AT% Command SetISOmodem answers a call in answer mode Disable automatic line-in-use detection Mode is not allowed with a parallel or SPI interface Extended AT\ Command Set \Q2 Use CTS only \P0 Even \T16 Autobaud On4 \T9 Kbps4\V0 Report connect and protocol message Numeric1 Meaning Verbal Response Result Codes Polarity Reversal StasNo Polarity Reversal Protocol None UN-OBTAINABLE Number ALTERNATE, +CLASS Disconnect Code Reason Disconnect Codes Registers Definition Register Function Default Range Units DecimalRegister Descriptions Ascii All spaces 0s Symbol Rate Allowable Data Rates 2400 Symbols/second Register Address Name Description Default Hex DT4A0 U0FDT4B1 DT4B2 Bmtt U2EU2F Bdlt Prdd U4EU4F FHT Samco V9AGGSasf SC0 Register Summary Bit-Mapped U-Register Summary U0-U16 Dial Tone Registers Register Name Description Default2. U00-U16 Dial Tone Detect Filter Registers 3. U17-U30 Busy Tone Detect Filter Registers U17-U30 Busy Tone Detect Registers BPF Biquad Stage Output Scalar 310/510 Default Busy and Dial Tone300/480 320/630 400/440 BPF Biquad Values Dial Tone Timing Register Ringback Cadence Registers4. U31-U33 Ringback Cadence Registers 5. U34-U35 Dial Tone Timing Register Dtmf Dial Registers Pulse Dial Registers7. U46-U48 Dtmf Dial Registers 8. U49-U4C Ring Detect Registers Ring Detect Registers9. U4D Modem Control Register 1-MOD1 Register U4D Bit Map Flash Hook Time Register Pre-Dial Delay Timer RegisterLoop Current Debounce Registers Transmit Level Register U54 Bit Map U53 Bit MapU62 Bit Map U65 Bit Map U63 Bit Map 17. U67-U6A International Configuration Registers Line-Side Chip Power DownPDL = Normal operation U67 Bit Map U66 Bit Map U68 Bit Map U6C Bit Map U6A Bit Map18. U6C Line-Voltage Status Register 19. U6E-U7D Modem Control and Interface Registers U6F Bit Map U6E Bit MapPtmr U70 Bit Map Disables PCM mode Enables PCM mode Type Reset settings = BitU71 IO1 Bit D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 Name Function 155 Reserved Read returns zero U77 Bit Map U76 Bit Map U78 Bit Map Monitor Mode ValuesU79 Bit Map = Normal Atdtw operation U7A Bit MapAdaptive Dialing = Normal asynchronous mode Synchronous ModePin indicates valid ring signal Given time = Timed calibration disabled = Disables No Loop Current Detect= ATZ enabled 20. U80 Transmit Delay for V.22 Fast Connect = Ignore unrecognized in-band commands Special Error Reporting ModeMinimal Transparency Framed Sub-Mode Startup Firmware Upgrades Escape Methods Patch, 115 kbaud Uart Lines Reset, thenLoad Technique and Speed Table Method Th Bit Escape 1. +++ EscapeEscape Pin Escape Wire Mode Error CorrectionEnabling Error Correction/Data Compression To Enable Use AT Commands 15. V.80 Mode Legacy Synchronous DCE Mode/V.80 Synchronous Access ModeSynchronous Mode Overview Epos Electronic Point of Sale Applications AT\N0 Synchronous Access Mode Settings Indicator pair Code Transparent Submode Command Hex Supported Transmit Direction Receive DirectionCRC EM In-Band Commands and Statuses Command Fast Connect SettingsSupported Transmit Direction Receive Direction Code Transparent Submode ATDT12345 Connect 1200 Protocol None 0x190x190x110x11 Function/Feature AT Commands Registers Modem Feature vs. Hardware, AT Command and Register SettingProgramming Examples Quick Reference DC Termination Control Bits Country-Dependent SetupDC Termination Reg Bit Val Function Country Initialization Table Country ConfigurationCountry Initialization Table Country Initialization AT+GCI=F AT+GCI=AAT+GCI=16 AT+GCI=9C AT+GCI=27 AT+GCI=26AT+GCI=31 AT+GCI=6C AT+GCI=3D AT+GCI=3CAT+GCI=42 AT+GCI=53 AT+GCI=46AT+GCI=57 AT+GCI=58 AT+GCI=0 AT+GCI=59AT+GCI=61 AT+GCI=9F AT+GCI=7B AT+GCI=69 AT+GCI=82 AT+GCI=7EAT+GCI=89 AT+GCI=87 AT+GCI=A0 AT+GCI=B8 AT+GCI=A6 AT+GCI=A5AT+GCI=FE UAE AT+GCI=B4 International Call Progress Registers Line Interface/Control Registers Dial Registers Special Requirements for Serbia and Montenegro AT Command FunctionBlacklisting S42 Blacklisting Caller ID Modes Caller ID SMS Support SMS CommandsJapan Caller ID Protocol 150 Mdmf Parameters Type II Caller ID/SAS DetectionCharacter Description Hexadecimal Value Ascii Value Johndoe SAS Cadence for Supported Countries SAS Tone Frequency Aruba Country Tone Frequency Hz Cadence seconds RegistersAustralia Austria Croatia Country Tone Frequency Hz Cadence seconds Registers ChinaCyprus Czech Republic Guyana GreeceHonduras Hong Kong Japan Israel064 0.436 Jordan Korea Republic KiribatiLao P.D.R Lithuania Oman NigeriaPapua New Guinea Paraguay St.-Kitts-and-Nevis Country Tone Frequency Hz Cadence seconds Registers RussiaSt. Lucia Saudi Arabia Tajikistan SwedenTrinidad Tobago On-Hook Condition Intrusion/Parallel Phone DetectionLine Not Present/In Use Indication Method 1-Fixed Loop Voltage Action Off-Hook Condition Line Not Present/In Use Indication Method 2-Adaptive Register Bits Name Function Intrusion DetectionATH1 Modem-On-Hold Possible Responses to Pmhr Command from Remote ModemInitiating Modem-On-Hold Value Description Receiving Modem-On-Hold Requests Hdlc Bit Errors on a Noisy Line DCE Bit ErrorsBeginning of Packet Data Meaning Bit Errors 0D 0A 4E 4F 20 43 52 49 45 52 0D 0A Pulse/Tone Dial Decision Overcurrent DetectionOvercurrent Detection Register Bit Value Function Automatic Phone Line Configuration Possible +PMHT Settings Telephone Voting Mode12. V.92 Quick Connect AT+PSS Parameters AT+PQC Parameters Handset, TAM, and Speakerphone Operation Extended AT+ Command SetSoftware Reference Caller ID Enable Command Action Caller ID TypeAfter ring only Distinctive Ring Cadence Reporting Command Action Analog Source / Destination Selection Speakerphone AEC, AES and LEC disabled. Handset FIR filter Command Action Ringing Tone Never Appeared Timer+VTS command. Default time is 1 second dur = Compression Selection Method Transmit Voice Stream Command Action Dtmf and Tone Generation DLE Commands DTE-to-DCE DLE Commands DTE-to-DCECode Hex Simple Action Command Description Format DLECode DLE Events DCE-to-DTE Simple Event Reporting DLE Simple Events DCE-to-DTECode Hex Description SUB 180 Description Default Voice Mode U Registers AddressComplex Event Reporting Format DLEXResponseDLE Description Register Address Name Description Default Voice Mode U Registers HRXFIR2 HRXFIR1HRXFIR3 HRXFIR4 STXFIR2 STXFIR1STXFIR3 STXFIR4 SRXFIR2 SRXFIR1SRXFIR3 SRXFIR4 U199 Bit Definitions U19E Voice Reference-Overview TAM, Handset, and Speakerphone Voice Paths Rev 189 +VTX +VRX +VSP +VTS Voice Mode Operations +FCLASS=8 Event +VNH = ATH or Input Current Modem Settings Command orDTR off &D2 ATZ or Si3000 Configuration TAM Pstn System Voice Modes Initialization Sequence Initialization Rev 195 Handset Handset ConfigurationOverview AT+VLS=13 AT+VLS=0AT+VSP=0 Handset Manual Off-Hook Dial Handset Automatic Tone DialHandset Automatic Pulse Dial Terminate Handset to TAM Hands-Free TransitionAT+VLS=14 Speakerphone Transition Handset to Speakerphone TransitionAT+VSP=1 Local Ring Notification with Type I CID Event Telephone Answering MachineNAME=JONES Jennifer Record OGM TAM Hands-Free Record OGMATU199&FFFD AT+VRX Connect Review OGM TAM Hands-Free Review OGMRecord Local ICM Review ICM TAM Handset Record OGM Trigger receive operation. The first byte TAM Handset Review OGM AT+VSM=4 Normal Answer OGM Playback with ICM Record TAM Pstn Normal Answer OGM Playback with ICM Record ICM AT+VLS=15 Interrupted Answer OGM Playback with Dtmf Menu Entry DLE1 Dtmf 1 digit detected Simplex Speakerphone Speakerphone Transmit Gain Calibration-Speakerphone Disabled Register Name Description Default ValueSimplex Speakerphone U Registers External Microphone/Speaker Calibration Transmit Gain Configuration AT+FCLASS=8 Transmit/Receive Gain Calibration Dial Remote Telephone Receive Gain Reference Measurements Receive Gain Configuration Reg Name Bit U19E Speakerphone Calibration-AEC Gain Calibration AEC Gain Calibration Dial Remote Telephone Speakerphone Configuration Speakerphone Configuration Simplex Speakerphone Configuration Speakerphone Automatic Tone Dial Simplex Speakerphone ConfigurationSpeakerphone Manual Off-Hook Dial Call-Automatic Tone Dial Speakerphone to Handset Transition Speakerphone Automatic Pulse DialCall-Automatic Pulse Dial References GlossaryTermination Implementing the SIA Protocol Security Protocols AT+F0 Considerations when Disconnecting the Session AT+F2 AT+F1AT+F3 AT+F4 Result Code Meaning Remarks Implementing the Ademco Contact ID Protocol Dtmf Digit Low Tone Hz High Tone Hz Contact ID AT Command Ademco Contact ID Protocol Tone Transmission AT CommandsModem Specific Implementation Details Kissoff Step DTE-to-Modem Command Modem-to-DTE Remarks Indication Ademco Mode of OperationHandshake Tone Detection Event Modem-to-DTE indication Remarks Wait for Receiver to answer with handshake tones Delay 250 ms before transmitting Data TonesMessage ATH Wait for Kissoff tone Rev 233 SMS Message Format Chinese ePOS SMS AT Commands for SMS SMS AT Command SetAT Command ISOmodem Response Description +FCLASS=256 = Auto Mode Register Bits Name Description Default HexUser Registers for SMS Operations SMS User Registers Example ProcedureCrlfconnect Crlf Dleetxcrlfno Carriercrlf ResponseConnect 1CRLF Connect 2CRLF Dleetxcrlfokcrlf Example Session POS SMS Process in Host and Modem Prototype Bring-Up Si3018/10 Testing and Diagnostics  Command Timing  Inappropriate Commands Register Configurations Host Interface Troubleshooting 10.1.6. Si3018/10 Troubleshooting Isolation Capacitor TroubleshootingComponent Troubleshooting  Connect Evaluation Board to Prototype System EVB Test the Host Interface Test the Prototype Si3018/10 Circuitry Si3018/10 Resistance Si3018/10 Typical Voltages Resistance to Si3018/10 Pin Voltages across Components with Diode Checker Resistance across ComponentsFB1 FB2 RV1 Component Voltage Loop Test Circuit Self Test Bell 103-V.34 Modem Functional Test Connection Board Test Isdn Modem Teltone ILSModem Under Test Test Coverage AT Commands for Compliance Testing Compliance TestingAT Command/Test Method Desired Response S41 Symbol Rate Allowable Data Rates Symbol/Data Rate29 Data Rate Transmit Modulation Data Rate Surges Safety Published Coilcraft TRF-RJ11 Filter Performance AM-Band Interference Debugging the DTE Interface Debugging the DTE interface Modulation Appendix A-EPOS Applications Recommendation 0xFF 0x19 0xA0 0x19 0xB1 ISOmodem V.80 Protocol Hdlc Framing in Framed Sub-Mode ISOmodem in Epos Applications 29 FastPOS Sample Program Setup procedureAT&D2 AT+FCLASS=1 Example Program in C/C++ How to use the program Rev 263 264 Rev 265 True Rev 267 = Rtscontrolenable Rev 269 270 FastPOS Detailed Wave Files RTS not RTS signal FastPOS DTE Trace Times When Audio Recording May Not Help When to Use Audio RecordingHardware Setup Larger of the two jacks 3.5 mm carries audio to the PC Setting PC Microphone Input for Recording Windows NT Sounds and Multimedia Properties Setting PC Microphone Input for Recording Windows Multimedia Properties Setting PC Microphone Input for Recording Windows XP Sounds and Audio Devices Properties Sound Recorder Making the Recording with Adobe Audition or WaveSurfer Adobe Audition Temporal View of a Good V.22 Transaction Audio Playback and Analysis Adobe Audition Spectral View of a Good V.22 Transaction Band Spectral Display Recording Made at Excessive Level Audio-Recording Pitfalls Appearance of Bell 212 Protocol Details of Some Low-Speed Protocols Appearance of V.22 bis Protocol Appearance of V.29 FastPOS Protocol Examples of Epos Server Misbehavior Example of Epos Server Misbehavior Dtmf Distorted by Low Line Level Examples of Line Impairments Power Line Related Noise Appendix C-PARALLEL/SPI Interface Software Implementation MCU Interrupt Service and Polling Layer Hardware Access LayerSoftware Description  MCUhardware.c  modemhardware.c Polling HIR1 Method Interrupt Service Routine ISR MethodRXF Interrupt Receive Fifo Almost Full TXE Interrupt Transmit Fifo Almost Empty Timer Interrupt Receive Fifo Not EmptyU70 Interrupt Parallel- or SPI-Port Interrupt-Service Flowchart Buffer Management Buffer Management, Status and Control Layer Circular-Buffer Flowchart Status and Control Application Layer Sample Application Modem Operation Compiler Option Dot CommandsMaking a Connection Data Bursts Sfrpagesave = Sfrpage Modem Interrupt Service Sample Code Rev 301 302 Revision 0.6 to Revision Revision 0.5 to RevisionRevision 0.7 to Revision Revision 0.8 to Revision Contact Information