Silicon Laboratories SI2493/57/34/15/04, SI2494/39 manual Modem Reference Guide, Controller

AN93

5. Modem Reference Guide

This section provides information about the architecture of the modem, its functional blocks, its registers, and their interactions. The AT command set is presented, and options are explained. The accessible memory locations (S registers and U registers) are described. Instructions for writing to and reading from them are discussed along with any limitations or special considerations. A large number of configuration and programming examples are offered as illustrations of actual testable applications. These examples can be used alone or in combination to create the desired modem operation. The use of S registers and U registers to control the operation, features, and configuration of the modem is documented.

The Si24xx ISOmodem chipset family is controller-based. No modem driver is required to run on the system processor. This makes the Si24xx ISOmodem family ideal for embedded systems because a wide variety of processors and operating systems can interface with the ISOmodem through a simple UART driver.

The modems in this family operate at maximum connect rates of 48 kbps upstream/V.92 (Si2494/93), 56 kbps downstream/V.90 (Si2457), 33.6 kbps/V.34 (Si2439/34), 14.4 kbps/V.32b (Si2415), and 2400 bps/ V.22b (Si2404) with support for all standard ITU-T fallback modes. These chipsets can be programmed to comply with FCC, JATE, ETSI ES 203 021 and other country-specific PTT requirements. They also support V.42 and MNP2–4 error correction and V.42b and MNP5 compression. “Fast connect” and “transparent HDLC” modes are also supported.

The basic ISOmodem functional blocks are shown in Figure 1 on page 1. The ISOmodem includes a controller, data pump (DSP), ROM, RAM, an oscillator, phase-locked loop (PLL), timer, UART interface, a parallel interface option, an SPI interface option, and a DAA interface. An optional voice mode is supported through an SSI interface and an external Si3000 voice codec. The modem software is permanently stored in the on-chip ROM. Only modem setup information (other than defaults) and other software updates need to be stored on the host or optional external EEPROM and downloaded to the on-chip RAM during initialization. There is no nonvolatile on-chip memory other than program ROM.

The following memory notation conventions are followed in this document:

Single-variable U registers are identified in this document as the register type (i.e., U) followed by the register’s hexadecimal address and finally the register identifier in parenthesis, e.g. U4A (RGFD). Once the full register reference is made, continuing discussion refers to the register name to simplify the text. The address and value of a single variable U register are always read from or written to the ISOmodem in hexadecimal.

Bit-mapped U registers are identified in this document at the top level as the register type (i.e., U) followed by the register’s hexadecimal address and finally the register identifier in parenthesis, e.g. U67 (ITC1). Once the full register reference is made, continuing discussion of the register at the top level refers to the register name to simplify the text. The address and value of a bit-mapped U register is always read from or written to the ISOmodem in hexadecimal.

Bits within bit-mapped registers are identified in this document as the register type (i.e., U) followed by the register’s hexadecimal address, the bit or bit range within the register in brackets, and finally the bit or bit range identifier in parenthesis. Example: U67 [6] (OHS) or U67 [3:2] (] (DCT). Once the full register reference is made, continuing discussion of the bits or bit range refers to the bit or bit range name to simplify the text. The bit or bit range inside the bracket represents the actual bit or bit range within the register. The value of a bit or bit range is presented in binary for clarity. However, the address and value of a bit-mapped U register is always read from or written to the ISOmodem in hexadecimal.

ISOmodem S registers are identified with a decimal address (e.g., S38), and the number stored in an S register is also a decimal value.

5.1. Controller

The controller provides several vital functions, including AT command parsing, DAA control, connect sequence control, DCE (data communication equipment) protocol control, intrusion detection, parallel phone off-hook detection, escape control, Caller ID control and formatting, ring detection, DTMF (dual tone multi-frequency) control, call progress monitoring, error correction, and data compression. The controller also writes to the control registers that configure the modem. Virtually all interaction between the host and the modem is done via the controller. The controller uses AT (ATtention) commands, S registers, and U registers to configure and control the modem.

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