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Silicon Laboratories SI2493/57/34/15/04, SI2494/39 manual Examples of Line Impairments

Models: SI2493/57/34/15/04 SI2494/39

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AN93

Examples of Line Impairments

DTMF Distorted by Low Line Level

Figure 71. Defective DTMF

Figure 72. Normal DTMF

Solutions:

Fix the telephone line.

Lower the DTMF level with AT:U46, 0BD0 or AT:U46, 0CF0

Check the loop-current level with AT:R79 and AT:R6C.

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Rev. 1.3

Image 288

Silicon Laboratories SI2493/57/34/15/04, SI2494/39 manual Examples of Line Impairments, Dtmf Distorted by Low Line Level

Contents

Functional Block Diagram IntroductionAN93 Table of Contents AN93 AN93 AN93 AN93 Document Change List Contact Information Selection Guide ModulationsProtocols Protocol Function Si2494/93 Si2457 Si2439/34 Si2415 Si2404Carriers and Tones ISOmodem CapabilitiesRelease Part Numbers PackageResetting the Device Reset SequenceModem System-Side Device Reset Strapping General Considerations SOIC-16 Reset-Strap Options Reset-Strap Options for 16-Pin Soic PackageMode Reset-Strap Pins Interface Input Clock Pin 5, RXD/MISO Reset-Strap Options for 24-Pin Tssop PackageTSSOP-24 UART-Interface Options TSSOP-24 Parallel-Interface OptionsReset Strapping Options for QFN Parts with Uart Operation TSSOP-24 SPI-Interface Clock-Frequency OptionsReset Strapping Options for QFN parts with SPI Operation Input ClkPin Functions vs. Interface Mode SOIC-16 Pin Functions vs. Interface Mode TSSOP-24System Interface Pin Functions vs. Interface Mode QFN-38 UART-Interface Signals SPI-Interface SignalsParallel-Interface Signals Ideal DTE Rate bps Actual DTE Rate bps Approximate Error% DTE RatesSerial Formats Detected in Autobaud Mode Symbol Data bits Parity Stop bitsFlow Control Can Monitor U70 Bit FunctionPPD OCDUart Serial Interface Parallel and SPI Interface OperationTX Fifo Hardware Interface Register Bit Map Hardware Interface RegisterParallel Interface Signals Signal Function DirectionParallel Interface Operation Parallel Interface Read Timing Bit Function Meaning when High Meaning when Low SPI Control-and-Address Bit DefinitionsSPI Interface Operation Interface Communication ModesLow-Power Modes Power-Down ModeWake-on-Ring Mode Sleep ModeSSI/Voice Mode 24-Pin Tssop and 38-Pin QFN Only Signal Pin Number TSSOP-24 QFN-38Clkout Fsync SDI SDO Reset SSI Interface Pin ConnectionEeprom Commands Eeprom Interface 24-Pin Tssop and 38-Pin QFN OnlyEeprom Status Register Any Other Bits are Unused Eeprom TimingParameter Symbol Min Typ Max Unit EOZEcsh Eecs Three-Wire SPI Interface to Eeprom Boot Commands Custom DefaultsDetailed Eeprom Examples EepromAT Command Macros Customized AT Commands Firmware UpgradesBoot Command Example AT Command Macro Example Autoloading Firmware Upgrade ExampleCommand Function Combination ExampleCombination Example Ascii Chart Dec Hex DisplayHookswitch and DC Termination DAA Line-Side DeviceAC Termination Settings for the Si3018 Line-Side Device AC TerminationRinger Impedance and Threshold Pulse Dialing and Spark QuenchingTypical Loop Voltage LVS Transfer Function Ilim = Loop Current Transfer FunctionLVCS40 Condition Legacy-Mode Line Voltage and Loop Current Measurement Billing Tone DetectionPower Supply and Bias Circuitry Hookswitch and DC TerminationHardware Design Reference Component FunctionsRinger Network Optional Billing-Tone FilterSymbol Value TIP From Line Ring DAAEMI/EMC Schematic Si3018/10 SchematicBill of Materials Component Value SuppliersLayout Guidelines Reference Placement Layout Checklist ISOmodem Layout Check ListLayout Items Required AN93 Module Design and Application Considerations Module DesignMotherboard Design Modem Module VCC and Reset Filter Analog OutputAudio Filter Response Audio QualityModem Reference Guide ControllerAT Command Set Configuration StatusCommand Action DSPCommand Examples Multiple AT Commands on a Single LineCommand Result Comment Command ResultBasic AT Command Set Consecutive U-Register Writes on a Single LineEnable No Patch AT Command Chip RevisionModifier ATI0 ATI1AT Command Chip Revision Revision B Patch rbpXYYYYRevision C Patch rcpXYYYY ATI0Enable result codes See Table Speaker is always offCommand Action Verbal result codes Program RAM write this command is used to upload firmware Disabled +DR=X+DRNONE +DRV42B RDSpecifies the mode of operation when initiating a modem Connection = Disable synchronous access modeSpecifies the mode of operation when answer a modem C,D= CRC generation checking disable = Nrzi encoding and decoding disabledSpecifies action taken if an underrun condition occurs During transparent sub-modeClass 1 Transmit Carrier United States default Country+GCI? Fixed DTE RateAutomatically detect the baud rate BPSV22B ITU-T V.22bis default for Si2404 V32B ITU-T V.32bis default for Si2415ITU-T V.34 default for Si2434 ITU-T V.90 default for Si2457Enable Short Phase 1 and Short Phase +PMHR=X+PMHT=X +PQC=XDCEs decide to use short startup procedures = After ring only= Off Distinctive RingCommand Action Transmit Gain Selection Load Voice Factory DefaultsDTE/DCE Inactivity Timer ISOmodem on-hook. Aout disabled. Tone detecRinging Tone Goes Away Timer Ringing Tone Never Appeared TimerOK result code. Default time is 0 seconds Is five secondsSpeakerphone AEC, AES and LEC disabled Dtmf / Tone Duration TimerVoice Compression Method Signed PCMExtended AT Commands Extended AT& Command SetKbps max default for Si2415 Kbps max default for Si2457 transmit and Si2434Only 56 kbps to 28 kbps TIP + Extended AT% Command Set Enable V.42bis in transmit and receive pathsISOmodem answers a call in answer mode Disable automatic line-in-use detectionExtended AT\ Command Set Mode is not allowed with a parallel or SPI interface\P0 Even \Q2 Use CTS only\T9 Kbps4 \T16 Autobaud On4\V0 Report connect and protocol message Result Codes Numeric1 Meaning Verbal ResponseStas Polarity ReversalNo Polarity Reversal Protocol NoneALTERNATE, +CLASS UN-OBTAINABLE NumberDisconnect Codes Disconnect Code ReasonDefinition Register Function Default Range Units Decimal RegistersRegister Descriptions AsciiAll spaces 0s 2400 Symbols/second Symbol Rate Allowable Data RatesRegister Address Name Description Default Hex U0F DT4A0DT4B1 DT4B2U2E BmttU2F BdltU4E PrddU4F FHTV9AGG SamcoSasf SC0Bit-Mapped U-Register Summary Register SummaryRegister Name Description Default U0-U16 Dial Tone Registers2. U00-U16 Dial Tone Detect Filter Registers U17-U30 Busy Tone Detect Registers 3. U17-U30 Busy Tone Detect Filter Registers310/510 Default Busy and Dial Tone BPF Biquad Stage Output Scalar300/480 320/630BPF Biquad Values 400/440Ringback Cadence Registers Dial Tone Timing Register4. U31-U33 Ringback Cadence Registers 5. U34-U35 Dial Tone Timing RegisterPulse Dial Registers Dtmf Dial Registers7. U46-U48 Dtmf Dial Registers Ring Detect Registers 8. U49-U4C Ring Detect Registers9. U4D Modem Control Register 1-MOD1 Register U4D Bit Map Pre-Dial Delay Timer Register Flash Hook Time RegisterLoop Current Debounce Registers Transmit Level RegisterU53 Bit Map U54 Bit MapU62 Bit Map U63 Bit Map U65 Bit MapLine-Side Chip Power Down 17. U67-U6A International Configuration RegistersPDL = Normal operationU66 Bit Map U67 Bit MapU68 Bit Map U6A Bit Map U6C Bit Map18. U6C Line-Voltage Status Register 19. U6E-U7D Modem Control and Interface RegistersU6E Bit Map U6F Bit MapPtmr U70 Bit Map Type Reset settings = Bit Disables PCM mode Enables PCM modeU71 IO1 Bit D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 Name Function 155 Reserved Read returns zeroU76 Bit Map U77 Bit MapMonitor Mode Values U78 Bit MapU79 Bit Map U7A Bit Map = Normal Atdtw operationAdaptive Dialing Synchronous Mode = Normal asynchronous modePin indicates valid ring signal Given time= Disables No Loop Current Detect = Timed calibration disabled= ATZ enabled 20. U80 Transmit Delay for V.22 Fast ConnectSpecial Error Reporting Mode = Ignore unrecognized in-band commandsMinimal Transparency Framed Sub-Mode StartupFirmware Upgrades Patch, 115 kbaud Uart Lines Reset, then Escape MethodsLoad Technique and Speed Table Method1. +++ Escape Th Bit EscapeEscape Pin Escape Error Correction Wire ModeEnabling Error Correction/Data Compression To Enable Use AT CommandsLegacy Synchronous DCE Mode/V.80 Synchronous Access Mode 15. V.80 ModeSynchronous Mode Overview Epos Electronic Point of Sale ApplicationsSynchronous Access Mode Settings AT\N0Command Hex Supported Transmit Direction Receive Direction Indicator pair Code Transparent SubmodeCRC EM In-Band Commands and Statuses Fast Connect Settings CommandSupported Transmit Direction Receive Direction Code Transparent SubmodeATDT12345 Connect 1200 Protocol None 0x190x190x110x11 Modem Feature vs. Hardware, AT Command and Register Setting Function/Feature AT Commands RegistersProgramming Examples Quick ReferenceCountry-Dependent Setup DC Termination Control BitsDC Termination Reg Bit Val FunctionCountry Configuration Country Initialization TableCountry Initialization Table Country InitializationAT+GCI=A AT+GCI=FAT+GCI=16 AT+GCI=9CAT+GCI=26 AT+GCI=27AT+GCI=31 AT+GCI=6CAT+GCI=3C AT+GCI=3DAT+GCI=42 AT+GCI=46 AT+GCI=53AT+GCI=57 AT+GCI=58AT+GCI=59 AT+GCI=0AT+GCI=61 AT+GCI=9FAT+GCI=69 AT+GCI=7BAT+GCI=7E AT+GCI=82AT+GCI=89 AT+GCI=87AT+GCI=B8 AT+GCI=A0AT+GCI=A5 AT+GCI=A6AT+GCI=FE UAEAT+GCI=B4 International Call Progress Registers Dial Registers Line Interface/Control RegistersAT Command Function Special Requirements for Serbia and MontenegroBlacklisting S42 BlacklistingCaller ID Caller ID ModesSMS Commands SMS SupportJapan Caller ID Protocol150 Type II Caller ID/SAS Detection Mdmf ParametersCharacter Description Hexadecimal Value Ascii Value JohndoeSAS Tone Frequency SAS Cadence for Supported CountriesCountry Tone Frequency Hz Cadence seconds Registers ArubaAustralia AustriaCountry Tone Frequency Hz Cadence seconds Registers China CroatiaCyprus Czech RepublicGreece GuyanaHonduras Hong KongIsrael Japan064 0.436 JordanKiribati Korea RepublicLao P.D.R LithuaniaNigeria OmanPapua New Guinea ParaguayCountry Tone Frequency Hz Cadence seconds Registers Russia St.-Kitts-and-NevisSt. Lucia Saudi ArabiaSweden TajikistanTrinidad TobagoIntrusion/Parallel Phone Detection On-Hook ConditionLine Not Present/In Use Indication Method 1-Fixed Loop Voltage ActionLine Not Present/In Use Indication Method 2-Adaptive Off-Hook ConditionIntrusion Detection Register Bits Name FunctionATH1 Possible Responses to Pmhr Command from Remote Modem Modem-On-HoldInitiating Modem-On-Hold Value DescriptionHdlc Bit Errors on a Noisy Line Receiving Modem-On-Hold RequestsBit Errors DCEBeginning of Packet Bit Errors Data Meaning0D 0A 4E 4F 20 43 52 49 45 52 0D 0A Overcurrent Detection Pulse/Tone Dial DecisionOvercurrent Detection Register Bit Value FunctionAutomatic Phone Line Configuration Telephone Voting Mode Possible +PMHT Settings12. V.92 Quick Connect AT+PQC Parameters AT+PSS ParametersExtended AT+ Command Set Handset, TAM, and Speakerphone OperationSoftware Reference Command Action Caller ID Type Caller ID EnableAfter ring only Distinctive Ring Cadence ReportingCommand Action Analog Source / Destination Selection Command Action Ringing Tone Never Appeared Timer Speakerphone AEC, AES and LEC disabled. Handset FIR filter+VTS command. Default time is 1 second dur = Compression Selection MethodCommand Action Dtmf and Tone Generation Transmit Voice StreamDLE Commands DTE-to-DCE DLE Commands DTE-to-DCECode Hex Simple Action Command Description Format DLECodeDLE Simple Events DCE-to-DTE DLE Events DCE-to-DTE Simple Event ReportingCode Hex Description SUB180 Voice Mode U Registers Address Description DefaultComplex Event Reporting Format DLEXResponseDLE DescriptionVoice Mode U Registers Register Address Name Description DefaultHRXFIR1 HRXFIR2HRXFIR3 HRXFIR4STXFIR1 STXFIR2STXFIR3 STXFIR4SRXFIR1 SRXFIR2SRXFIR3 SRXFIR4U19E U199 Bit DefinitionsVoice Reference-Overview TAM, Handset, and Speakerphone Voice Paths Rev 189 Voice Mode Operations +FCLASS=8 +VTX +VRX +VSP +VTSInput Current Modem Settings Command or Event +VNH = ATH orDTR off &D2 ATZ orSi3000 Configuration System Voice Modes TAM PstnInitialization Initialization SequenceRev 195 Handset Configuration HandsetOverview AT+VLS=0 AT+VLS=13AT+VSP=0 Handset Automatic Tone Dial Handset Manual Off-Hook DialHandset Automatic Pulse Dial Handset to TAM Hands-Free Transition TerminateAT+VLS=14 Handset to Speakerphone Transition Speakerphone TransitionAT+VSP=1 Telephone Answering Machine Local Ring Notification with Type I CID EventNAME=JONES Jennifer TAM Hands-Free Record OGM Record OGMATU199&FFFD AT+VRX ConnectTAM Hands-Free Review OGM Review OGMRecord Local ICM Review ICMTAM Handset Record OGM Trigger receive operation. The first byte TAM Handset Review OGM AT+VSM=4 TAM Pstn Normal Answer OGM Playback with ICM Record Normal Answer OGM Playback with ICM RecordAT+VLS=15 ICMInterrupted Answer OGM Playback with Dtmf Menu Entry DLE1 Dtmf 1 digit detected Speakerphone Simplex SpeakerphoneRegister Name Description Default Value Transmit Gain Calibration-Speakerphone DisabledSimplex Speakerphone U Registers External Microphone/Speaker CalibrationTransmit Gain Configuration Transmit/Receive Gain Calibration Dial Remote Telephone AT+FCLASS=8Receive Gain Configuration Receive Gain Reference MeasurementsSpeakerphone Calibration-AEC Gain Calibration Reg Name Bit U19EAEC Gain Calibration Dial Remote Telephone Speakerphone Configuration Speakerphone ConfigurationSimplex Speakerphone Configuration Simplex Speakerphone Configuration Speakerphone Automatic Tone DialSpeakerphone Manual Off-Hook Dial Call-Automatic Tone DialSpeakerphone Automatic Pulse Dial Speakerphone to Handset TransitionCall-Automatic Pulse Dial Glossary ReferencesTermination Security Protocols Implementing the SIA ProtocolConsiderations when Disconnecting the Session AT+F0AT+F1 AT+F2AT+F3 AT+F4Result Code Meaning Remarks Implementing the Ademco Contact ID Protocol Ademco Contact ID Protocol Tone Transmission AT Commands Dtmf Digit Low Tone Hz High Tone Hz Contact ID AT CommandModem Specific Implementation Details KissoffAdemco Mode of Operation Step DTE-to-Modem Command Modem-to-DTE Remarks IndicationHandshake Tone Detection Event Modem-to-DTE indication RemarksDelay 250 ms before transmitting Data Tones Wait for Receiver to answer with handshake tonesMessage Wait for Kissoff tone ATHRev 233 Chinese ePOS SMS SMS Message FormatSMS AT Command Set AT Commands for SMSAT Command ISOmodem Response Description +FCLASS=256Register Bits Name Description Default Hex = Auto ModeUser Registers for SMS Operations SMS User RegistersProcedure ExampleCrlfconnect Crlf Response Dleetxcrlfno CarriercrlfConnect 1CRLF Connect 2CRLFExample Session DleetxcrlfokcrlfPOS SMS Process in Host and Modem Testing and Diagnostics Prototype Bring-Up Si3018/10 Inappropriate Commands  Command Timing Register Configurations Host Interface TroubleshootingIsolation Capacitor Troubleshooting 10.1.6. Si3018/10 TroubleshootingComponent Troubleshooting  Connect Evaluation Board to Prototype SystemTest the Host Interface EVBTest the Prototype Si3018/10 Circuitry Si3018/10 Typical Voltages Resistance to Si3018/10 Pin Si3018/10 ResistanceResistance across Components Voltages across Components with Diode CheckerFB1 FB2 RV1 Component VoltageSelf Test Loop Test CircuitBoard Test Bell 103-V.34 Modem Functional Test ConnectionTeltone ILS Isdn ModemModem Under Test Test CoverageCompliance Testing AT Commands for Compliance TestingAT Command/Test Method Desired Response Symbol/Data Rate S41 Symbol Rate Allowable Data Rates29 Data Rate Transmit Modulation Data RateSafety SurgesAM-Band Interference Published Coilcraft TRF-RJ11 Filter PerformanceDebugging the DTE interface Debugging the DTE InterfaceAppendix A-EPOS Applications ModulationRecommendation 0xFF 0x19 0xA0 0x19 0xB1 ISOmodem in Epos Applications ISOmodem V.80 Protocol Hdlc Framing in Framed Sub-ModeSetup procedure 29 FastPOS Sample ProgramAT&D2 AT+FCLASS=1How to use the program Example Program in C/C++Rev 263 264 Rev 265 True Rev 267 = Rtscontrolenable Rev 269 270 RTS not RTS signal FastPOS Detailed Wave FilesFastPOS DTE Trace When to Use Audio Recording Times When Audio Recording May Not HelpHardware Setup Setting PC Microphone Input for Recording Windows NT Larger of the two jacks 3.5 mm carries audio to the PCSetting PC Microphone Input for Recording Windows Sounds and Multimedia PropertiesSetting PC Microphone Input for Recording Windows XP Multimedia PropertiesSounds and Audio Devices Properties Making the Recording with Adobe Audition or WaveSurfer Sound RecorderAudio Playback and Analysis Adobe Audition Temporal View of a Good V.22 TransactionAdobe Audition Spectral View of a Good V.22 Transaction Band Spectral Display Audio-Recording Pitfalls Recording Made at Excessive LevelDetails of Some Low-Speed Protocols Appearance of Bell 212 ProtocolAppearance of V.22 bis Protocol Appearance of V.29 FastPOS Protocol Examples of Epos Server Misbehavior Example of Epos Server Misbehavior Examples of Line Impairments Dtmf Distorted by Low Line LevelPower Line Related Noise Appendix C-PARALLEL/SPI Interface Software Implementation MCU Hardware Access Layer Interrupt Service and Polling LayerSoftware Description  MCUhardware.c  modemhardware.cInterrupt Service Routine ISR Method Polling HIR1 MethodRXF Interrupt Receive Fifo Almost Full Timer Interrupt Receive Fifo Not Empty TXE Interrupt Transmit Fifo Almost EmptyU70 Interrupt Parallel- or SPI-Port Interrupt-Service Flowchart Buffer Management, Status and Control Layer Buffer ManagementCircular-Buffer Flowchart Application Layer Sample Application Status and ControlCompiler Option Dot Commands Modem OperationMaking a Connection Data BurstsModem Interrupt Service Sample Code Sfrpagesave = SfrpageRev 301 302 Revision 0.5 to Revision Revision 0.6 to RevisionRevision 0.7 to Revision Revision 0.8 to RevisionContact Information