Apple II manual Ora, Txtmov LDA

Page 123

1295

89B7

CA

 

 

 

DEX

 

 

1296

89B8

88

 

 

 

DEY

 

 

1297

89B9

10

F0

 

 

BPL

CON1

 

1298

89BB 4C

C4

81

 

JMP

RESALL

 

1299

89BE 20

AF 88

HKEY

JSR

GETKEY

;GET KEY FROM KB AND ECHO ON KB

1300

89C1

20

88

81

OUTDSP JSR

SAVER

;DISPLAY OUT

1301

89C4

29

7F

 

 

AND

#$7F

 

1302

89C6

C9

07

 

 

CMP

#$07

;BELL?

1303

89C8

D0

03

 

 

BNE

NBELL

 

1304

89CA 4C

75

89

 

JMP

BEEPP3

;YES - BEEP

1305

89CD 20

06

8A

NBELL

JSR

TEXT

;PUSH INTO SCOPE BUFFER

1306

89D0

C9

2C

 

 

CMP

#$2C

;COMMA?

1307

89D2

D0

0A

 

 

BNE

OUD1

 

1308

89D4

AD

45

A6

 

LDA

RDIG

 

1309

89D7

09

80

 

 

ORA

#$80

;TURN ON DECIMAL PT

1310

89D9

8D

45

A6

 

STA

RDIG

 

1311

89DC D0

25

 

 

BNE

EXITOD

 

1312

89DE A2

3A

 

OUD1

LDX

#$3A

 

1313

89E0

DD

EE 8B

OUD2

CMP

ASCIM1,X

 

1314

89E3

F0

05

 

 

BEQ

GETSGS

 

1315

89E5

CA

 

 

 

DEX

 

 

1316

89E6

D0

F8

 

 

BNE

OUD2

 

1317

89E8

F0

19

 

 

BEQ

EXITOD

 

1318

89EA BD

28

8C

GETSGS LDA

SEGSM1,X

;GET CORR SEG CODE FROM TABLE

1319

89ED C9

F0

 

 

CMP

#$F0

 

1320

89EF F0

12

 

 

BEQ

EXITOD

 

1321

89F1

A2

00

 

 

LDX

#0

 

1322

89F3

48

 

 

 

PHA

 

 

1323

89F4

BD

41

A6

OUD3

LDA DISBUF+1,X

;SHOVE DOWN DISPLAY BUFFER

1324

89F7

9D

40

A6

 

STA

DISBUF,X

 

1325

89FA E8

 

 

 

INX

 

 

1326

89FB E0

05

 

 

CPX

#5

 

1327

89FD D0

F5

 

 

BNE

OUD3

 

1328

89FF 68

 

 

 

PLA

 

 

1329

8A00

8D

45

A6

 

STA

RDIG

 

1330

8A03

4C

C4

81

EXITOD JMP

RESALL

 

1331

8A06

48

 

 

TEXT

PHA

 

;UPDATE SCOPE BUFFER

1332

8A07

8A

 

 

 

TXA

 

;SAVE X

1333

8A08

48

 

 

 

PHA

 

 

1334

8A09

A2

1E

 

 

LDX #$1E

;PUSH DOWN 32 CHARS

1335

8A0B BD

00

A6

TXTMOV LDA

SCPBUF,X

 

1336

8A0E 9D

01

A6

 

STA

SCPBUF+1,X

 

1337

8A11

CA

 

 

 

DEX

 

 

1338

8A12

10

F7

 

 

BPL

TXTMOV

 

1339

8A14

68

 

 

 

PLA

 

;RESTORE X

1340

8A15

AA

 

 

 

TAX

 

 

1341

8A16

68

 

 

 

PLA

 

;RESTORE CHR

1342

8A17

8D

00

A6

 

STA SCPBUF

;STORE CHR IN EMPTY SLOT

1343

8A1A 60

 

 

 

RTS

 

 

1344

8A1B

 

 

 

;

 

 

 

1345

8A1B

 

 

 

;***

 

 

 

1346

8A1B

 

 

 

;*** TERMINAL I/O

 

1347

8A1B

 

 

 

;***

 

 

 

1348

8A1B 20

88

81

INCHR

JSR SAVER

;INPUT CHAR

1349

8A1E 20

41

8A

 

JSR

INJINV

 

1350

8A21

29

7F

 

 

AND

#$7F

;DROP PARITY

1351

8A23

C9

61

 

 

CMP

#$61

;ALPHA?

1352

8A25

90

06

 

 

BCC

INRT1

 

1353

8A27

C9

7B

 

 

CMP

#$7B

 

1354

8A29

B0

02

 

 

BCS

INRT1

 

1355

8A2B 29

DF

 

 

AND

#$DF

;CVRT TO UPPER CASE

1356

8A2D C9

0F

 

INRT1

CMP

#$0F

;CTL O ?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Page 122 Page 124
Image 123
Page 122 Page 124
Contents Apple II Original ROM Information Qjjj Data0005A0 FDA9A920 EDFDA98D 4CEDFDA9 8D4CEDFD Page Page Page JI@ Page 001AA0 F3FFE8E1 E8E8EFEB FFFFE0FF Ffefeeef 001AC0 FFFFE1E1 EFEEE7E8 EEE7F3FB FBEEE1EF001AE0 E8EEE7E8 Efefeeef Eeefeeee Efeeeeee 001DB0 9CDD9CDE DD9EC3DD Cfcacdcb 00479AAD 001FB0 Ffffffff FFFF2071 E14CBFEF 2003EEA9 Page 60FFFFFF .JJ DDBAF9F0 0DBDBAF9FA60FFFF 02E61FBD JJJAEAEA8AD Page Page Return Page Basl System Monitor CopyrightLOC0 LOC1Mask INY NO, INC Index X-COORD LDY PCH PRMN1 LDA FMT1 DFB Format Above EOR STA A3H FAE2 A2 FB Tabv STA Vtabs to ROW in A-REG STA Bash BCC Clreol Clear to END of Line NXTA4 INC A4L Incr 2-BYTE A4 STA BASL,Y Replace Flashing Screen Fdad A5 3C LT2 LDA A2L,X Copy A2 2 Bytes to Ioprt LDA A2L SET RAM IN/OUT Vectors BCC RD3 Loop Until Done STA A3H,X DFB LIST-1 FFF3 CC BRTBL,X SaveLSR Prepare Carry for BC, BNC Stat LDA R0L JSR STAT2 Push LOW PC Byte VIA R12 JSR LDA IN,YCMP BNE NomoveRTN MloopDCR BNZ MloopBM1 INRBNC BNZLoad DOUBLE-BYTE Indirect ExampleLoad Indirect Store IndirectStore DOUBLE-BYTE Indirect POP IndirectStore POP Indirect ACC SubtractPOP DOUBLE-BYTE Indirect BNC LOOP1 CompareBF A0 SET $A0BF LOOP1 SUBBNZ LOOP2 Return to 6502 ModeDecrement LOOP2LOOP3 SUB Branch if no CarryBranch if Carry SET Branch if PlusReturn from Sweet 16 Subroutine Branch if Minus ONEBranch if not Minus ONE BreakLDA #ADRH STA IND+1 LDA OPTBL,XSTA IND JMP Page Page Sweet 16 Introduction Page Source NVA DSPPrint Dbload Sweet REM Ctrl D Input Enter String a $ , a $Sweet Poke 776 , a REM Poke DestinationPrint Print Goto Call -605 Return REM XAM8 in MonitorMnemr MINI-ASSEMBLERBaum MnemlSBC PCL Form ADDR-PC-2 JSR Cout Position FORM7 STX A1H Save Index BNE ORGCLC STANorm LDA EXP1 ZERO? Shift Dividend Left Floating Point Representation LOW Floating Point PackageNumber Exponent Mantissa StoredHigh LOW EXP Mantissa Floating Point Representation ExamplesFloating Point Subroutine Descriptions Page Page Page Page HIGH-ORDER STY Init MANT1 LDYSTY Calling SequencePage Page Page Page Page Page Seeeeeee MmmmmmmmFsub ORG SET Base page Adresses STA X2,X Common LOG of MANT/EXP1 Result in MANT/EXP1 Ovflw BRK Overflow 1EBB STA X2,X Load EXP/MANT2 with Z 1EBD DEX 1EBE BPL LF3 Addend YES,RETURN with MANT1 NormalizedRight Shift MANT1 or Swap with MANT2 on Carry CMPNormx BCC Norm If EXEN, Normalize PRODUCT, Else Complement Errata for Rankins Floating Point Routines LDX Load X for High Byte of ExponentLDA STA Fmul LOGFadd FsubPage Mantissa MOD 9/76 Load X for Later M2MHL Contin 1EAD LFA LDA Z,X L2E DCM RTLOG1 MdendNormx Object Code Dump Page Lstcom TapdelHsbdry Toutfl=UIRQVC OutvecUrcvec =UBRKVCADC TAXStocom STA ORABPL HASHUS+2 Restore Except A,F JMP BEQSTX CPXTXA Exwrap RTSChksad PHP Outxah PHANibasc and #$0F Nibble in a to Ascii in a BCS INST1 RTI Ldbyte JSR Inbyte Verify MEM E1PARM JMP STD2 MORED2 LDY JSR Brtt INC Ercnt UP to FF MEM3EX CLC SBC P3L BNE Exitgk Ksconf LDA Txtmov LDA BNE INRT2 Outone Newdev LDA Dftxfr LDXLDA Toutfl 8BFF 0D Msfirst Bufadh DdrdigLOADT2 STA Mode BNE Lcerr Last Char not Kgettr LDA H8DFF BCC PACKT3 DUMPT4 LDY DumptDUMPT1 TXA DMPT1A LDAOutbth LDX Outcht STX Register Name PatchHS Tape Boundary Nowln Rockwell InternationalUdrah UddraTMASK1 =MOVAD OldlenLength MovadTABUF2 CurposChecksum TabuffWrite Edge Detect Control not Used Because KB EQS CRBCFD2A0A0A0A0 DB TO,EQSSEI Disable Interrupt RS6 JSR Crlow Clear Display E1AC Have Valid Command Space Comm Nxtadd TYALOAD1A LDA ForLOADK5 LDX JMP LOADK5 Next E46A EE INC Bkflg SET FLG OUTCK1 PHA Outcks LDADUMPT1 LDA Dumpta LDXE5EA TOGTA1 LDA TOGTA2 LDA BCC JD3 MSG Whereo LDY CPY ANY OtherSTA Outflg Outall PHA Output PHAROL Priflg Restore FLG Wrax JSR Numa EAA3 CA DEX Memerr JSR STA STIY+2 Dehalf LDA EC5E 4A LSR Only ROW Debkey LDX Onekey LDAED3B GET a Char from Tape Subroutine Edba LSR Cpiy Make Room for MSB Outtty PHA OUTD1A CPX OUTD2A TXAOUTDD1 PHA LDA First Chip Select Prndot LDA LDA #PRTIME/256 Start T2 for 1.7 Msec BIT Imask See if DOT is SET Newcol LDA NEW Print ROWBkcksm LDA Ckbuff LDAOUTTA2 LDX OUTTA1 PHAZero Leftmost Column F2E1 3E7E7F3E7F7FCOL0DB BGYU76HN MNNDX2 LSR RtmodeGetfmt TAX MNNDX1 LSRPRADR2 LDA PLAPRADR4 DEX BPL PCADJ4 AIM Text Editor LDA END+1 CMP with END AF E7 JMP KEP RUB COMMAND-FIND String JMP CHN1 See if WE RAN Past END of Buffer Limit BEQ REP2 SBC Oldlen GOGO1 RTS ROM Table FB46 8A9AAABACADAStartm JSR Rdaddr LDY IMMED1 LDX Tryjmp LDAOPCMP1 LDA Brnchc JMPConvrt LDA FORMD2 LDX Brcomp LDACompbr LDX Forwrd LDA Backwd LDACuread TXA MATCH1 JMPPATCH4 LDX CURPO2 Dont do Anything if 8D PATC15 JSR Crlf Decode Command Brcomp AddblkADDS1A BkcksmCRA Goerr Namo E8CF NAMO1 RD2 EA5D RD1 E6AC AIM 65 Microcomputer Monitor Program ListingTable of Contents AIM 65 Microcomputer Basic Language Reference ManualIntroduction WIDTH? Installing Basic in the AIM ROM Installation ProcedureEntering Basic Memory SIZE?Printer Control Exiting BasicReentering Basic Basic CursorGetting Started with Basic Basic Command SET ASCCHR$ Listing a Program Direct and Indirect Commands Direct CommandsIndirect Commands Operating on Programs and LinesList Printing Data Deleting a LineReplacing a Line Deleting a ProgramPrint ONE Half Equals 1/2 Number FormatNumber Output Format Variables Assigning Variables with AN Input Statement Input RVariable Names PSTG$ Print A, A*2 LET Z=7 Print Z, Z-AReserved Words Input B Program Using RelationsRemarks Relational TestsPrint Nsqrn LoopingSquare Root Program AN Improved Square Root ProgramSome Other Looping Operations Another Square Root ProgramPrint Nsqrn Next N COUNT-BACKWARD ProgramSort Program Print What is the NumberPrint I,J Next Next J Matrix OperationsStopping a Program Print BAD GUESS, TRY Again RestoreInput N Print Must be IntegerPrint LENA$,LENMICROCOMPUTER Strings$=ROCKWELL R6500 Print A$ Rockwell R6500 LEN FunctionMID$ Function RIGHT$ FunctionData AIM 65,DOG Print B$ Basic for Rockwell R6500Print C$ Basic FOR-ROCKWELL-R6500 VAL and Strs Functions CHR$ FunctionPrint Print X$ Additional String ConsiderationsName Example PURPOSE/USE DIM Input Input X$Print X/1.3 Operators Symbol Sample StatementESC Cntl PrintSymbol Sample Statement PURPOSE/USE NegationRelational Operators Operator Argument Result Not Not If not Q3 thenStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION Example Clear CommandsPrint Intruder Alert AlertStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION NEW Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION FREStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION List Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION LoadStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION Example DEF Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION Example RUNStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION Example Save Program StatementsStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION DIM Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION ENDStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION For Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION IF...THEN Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION GosubStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION Goto Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION IF...GOTOStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION ON...GOSUB If X0 then Print ERROR, X Negative Goto ExampleStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION LET Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION NextStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION Return Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION RestoreSymbol SYNTAX/FUNCTION Wait Example Restore ReturnPrint Value ISA Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION InputStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION POS Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION PrintString Functions Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION ASC Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION ReadStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION SPC Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION TABStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION RIGHT$ Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION LEFT$Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION LEN Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION MID$Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION EXP Arithmetic Functions Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION ABSStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION ATN Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION COSPrint Sinx Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION Example SGNPrint Sgnx Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION Example SINError Messages ?XX ErrorInverse Hyperbolic Secant TAB, SPC Space HintsPRINTX,Y,Z Speed Hints Storage Allocation InformationOLD This is Probably the Most Important Speed HintConverting Basic Programs not Written for AIM 65 Basic OLD AIMSOH Assembly Language SubroutinesAscii Character Codes Decimal NULPrintx Address Content$AE InputnumbernRecording on Cassette Using the Basic Save Command RUN NUMBER?Storing AIM 65 Basic Programs on Cassette IN= Cassette Operations Using the AIM 65 EditorOUT=T F= OUT=T F=FNAME T=0FAC ATN ImplementationEntered by Alter Memory M OF9CSaving ATN Object Code on Cassette WIDTH? Bytes Free AIM 65 Basic
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Manual 19 pages 1.54 Kb

II specifications

The Apple II, launched in April 1977, was one of the first highly successful mass-produced microcomputer products. It marked a significant leap in personal computing, setting standards for future developments in the industry. Created by Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs, the Apple II differentiated itself with its user-friendly design, appealing aesthetics, and robust capabilities.

One of the standout features of the Apple II was its open architecture, which allowed users to expand and enhance the computer's functionality. This design enabled hundreds of third-party hardware and software developers to contribute to its ecosystem, resulting in an array of peripherals, including printers, modems, and storage devices. The Apple II utilized a MOS Technology 6502 microprocessor running at a clock speed of 1 MHz. Initially equipped with 4 KB of RAM, the machine could be expanded to 48 KB, accommodating more complex applications and programs.

The Apple II was also notable for its colorful graphics. It was one of the first computers to support color display, offering a 6-color palette with a resolution of 280x192 pixels in 16 colors when using its Color Graphics Card. This feature significantly enhanced the visual appeal of games and educational software developed for the platform, making computing more accessible and entertaining for various audiences.

Apple's commitment to user experience was evident in the design of the machine. It featured an integrated keyboard and a plastic case, which was both durable and visually appealing. The self-contained design included drive bays for floppy disk drives, allowing for quicker data access than traditional tape drives. It also supported audio output, enabling sound effects and music, a novelty at the time.

The introduction of the Apple DOS operating system further underscored the machine's capabilities. DOS streamlined file management and made it easier for users to navigate and manage their data. The combination of hardware and software positioned the Apple II as an educational tool and a gaming platform, fostering a vibrant software ecosystem.

The Apple II family continued to evolve, with variations like the Apple II+, IIe, and IIgs being introduced over the years. These iterations brought enhancements in memory, processing power, and graphics capabilities. The legacy of the Apple II endures, not only as a foundational product in personal computing but also as a symbol of innovation that paved the way for future advancements in technology. Its impact is still felt today, as it inspired countless developers and shaped the trajectory of the computer industry.
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