Apple II manual RD2 EA5D RD1

Page 213

READ2

E94D

REA1

E956

RB2

E95C

RDRUP

E95F

RDR1

E96A

REDOUT

E973

RED2

E976

RD2

EA5D

RD1

EA70

RSPAC

EA7B

ROONEK

ECEF

ROO1

ED00

RDBIT

EE3B

RDBIT1

EE43

RDBIT2

EE51

RDBIT4

EE67

ROUT

F286

ROUT1

F28B

ROW1

F421

ROW2

F429

ROW3

F431

ROW4

F439

ROW5

F441

ROW6

F449

ROW7

F451

ROW8

F459

REGQ

F461

RTMODE

F491

RELADR

F530

RTS1

F55A

REENTR

F6CF

RESNOW

F8D0

REP2

F93E

REPLAC

F93F

R8

F947

R87

F94E

R88

F953

R2W

F95F

RQP

F977

R6

F984

R5

F99D

R55

F9A8

R7

F9AB

R9

F9BE

R10

F9C7

R11

F9CC

R100

F9CF

R101

F9DA

R102

F9E3

R108

F9EF

R103

F9FA

R107

FA0A

R104

FA17

R105

FA31

R1051

FA41

R106

FA44

RDADDR

FBE5

RDLUP

FE14

RED1

FE96

SAVE

00E7

STRING

00EB

S1

A41A

S2

0106

SAVPS

A420

SAVA

A421

SAVX

A422

SAVY

A423

SAVS

A424

SAVPC

A425

STIY

A427

STBKEY

A42B

SR

A80A

SP12

0001

SETREG

E113

START

E182

STA1

E185

STBYTE

E413

SHOW

E64D

SH1

E652

SHIS

E665

SH11

E66A

SEMI

E9BA

SADDR

EB78

SWSTAK

EBBA

SWST1

EBBD

SYNC

EDFF

SYNC1

EE11

SETZ

F282

SETSPD

F2C0

SETSP1

F2CA

SETSP2

F2D3

STOP

F870

SETBOT

F8C5

SUB

F91D

SUB1

F927

SAVNOW

F934

SIZEM

FB0F

STCODE

FB1E

STARTM

FBAA

STORCH

FBF6

STOR1

FC0A

STASH

FD2C

STSHLP

FD30

SRCHLP

FE44

SRCHM

FE47

STLO

FE6E

STLOAD

FE73

SEMICOLON

003B

TEXT

00E3

TYPE

012E

TMASK1

0126

TMASK2

0127

TEMPX

A431

TEMPA

A433

TSPEED

A408

TIMG

A40B

TAPIN

A434

TAPOUT

A435

TAPTR

A436

TAPTR2

A437

TABUFF

0116

TABUF2

00AD

T1L

A804

T1CH

A805

T1LL

A806

T1LH

A807

T2L

A808

T2H

A809

T2I

0000

T1I

0000

T1FR

00C0

TMSG0

E048

TMSG1

E04D

TMSG2

E050

TMSG3

E052

TMSG5

E05F

TMSG6

E061

TMSG7

E066

TOGTA1

E6BD

TOGTA2

E6CB

TRACE

E6DD

TOGL

E6E7

TOGL1

E6F6

TO

E7A7

TO1

E7A9

TTYTST

E842

TAP1

E8B3

TAP2

E8BC

TAP3

E8C2

TIBYTE

ED3B

TIB1

ED48

TIBY1

ED53

TIBY3

ED56

TIBY4

ED63

TIBY5

ED65

TIBY5A

ED88

TIBY6

EDAF

TIBY7

EDB0

TAISET

EDEA

TIOSET

EE1C

TIOS1

EE22

TIOS2

EE24

TOBYTE

F18B

TABY2

F1A7

TABY3

F1CE

TAOSET

F21D

TAOS1

F238

TRY

F258

TP

F6D2

TOPNO

F8BC

TPO1

F8C0

TYPTR1

FAE2

TYPTR2

FAF1

TYPTB

FB5E

TRYZP

FC28

TRY34

FC40

TRY56

FC5A

TRYINY

FC85

TRYJMP

FC94

UDRB

A000

UDRAH

A001

UDDRB

A002

UDDRA

A003

UT1L

A004

UT1CH

A005

UT1LL

A006

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Contents Apple II Original ROM Information Qjjj Data0005A0 FDA9A920 EDFDA98D 4CEDFDA9 8D4CEDFD Page Page Page JI@ Page 001AA0 F3FFE8E1 E8E8EFEB FFFFE0FF Ffefeeef 001AC0 FFFFE1E1 EFEEE7E8 EEE7F3FB FBEEE1EF001AE0 E8EEE7E8 Efefeeef Eeefeeee Efeeeeee 001DB0 9CDD9CDE DD9EC3DD Cfcacdcb 00479AAD 001FB0 Ffffffff FFFF2071 E14CBFEF 2003EEA9 Page FA60FFFF DDBAF9F0 0DBDBAF902E61FBD JJJ 60FFFFFF .JJAEAEA8AD Page Page Return Page LOC0 System Monitor CopyrightLOC1 BaslMask INY NO, INC Index X-COORD LDY PCH PRMN1 LDA FMT1 DFB Format Above EOR STA A3H FAE2 A2 FB Tabv STA Vtabs to ROW in A-REG STA Bash BCC Clreol Clear to END of Line NXTA4 INC A4L Incr 2-BYTE A4 STA BASL,Y Replace Flashing Screen Fdad A5 3C LT2 LDA A2L,X Copy A2 2 Bytes to Ioprt LDA A2L SET RAM IN/OUT Vectors BCC RD3 Loop Until Done STA A3H,X DFB LIST-1 FFF3 CC BRTBL,X SaveLSR Prepare Carry for BC, BNC Stat LDA R0L JSR STAT2 Push LOW PC Byte VIA R12 CMP LDA IN,YBNE Nomove JSRDCR MloopBNZ Mloop RTNBNC INRBNZ BM1Load Indirect ExampleStore Indirect Load DOUBLE-BYTE IndirectStore DOUBLE-BYTE Indirect POP IndirectStore POP Indirect ACC SubtractPOP DOUBLE-BYTE Indirect BF A0 SET $A0BF CompareLOOP1 SUB BNC LOOP1Decrement Return to 6502 ModeLOOP2 BNZ LOOP2Branch if Carry SET Branch if no CarryBranch if Plus LOOP3 SUBBranch if not Minus ONE Branch if Minus ONEBreak Return from Sweet 16 SubroutineLDA #ADRH STA IND+1 LDA OPTBL,XSTA IND JMP Page Page Sweet 16 Introduction Page Source Print Dbload Sweet REM Ctrl D DSPInput Enter String a $ , a $ NVAPrint Print Goto Poke 776 , a REM Poke DestinationCall -605 Return REM XAM8 in Monitor SweetBaum MINI-ASSEMBLERMneml MnemrSBC PCL Form ADDR-PC-2 JSR Cout Position FORM7 STX A1H Save Index CLC ORGSTA BNENorm LDA EXP1 ZERO? Shift Dividend Left Floating Point Representation LOW Floating Point PackageHigh LOW EXP Mantissa StoredFloating Point Representation Examples Number Exponent MantissaFloating Point Subroutine Descriptions Page Page Page Page STY STY Init MANT1 LDYCalling Sequence HIGH-ORDERPage Page Page Page Page Page Seeeeeee MmmmmmmmFsub ORG SET Base page Adresses STA X2,X Common LOG of MANT/EXP1 Result in MANT/EXP1 Ovflw BRK Overflow 1EBB STA X2,X Load EXP/MANT2 with Z 1EBD DEX 1EBE BPL LF3 Right Shift MANT1 or Swap with MANT2 on Carry YES,RETURN with MANT1 NormalizedCMP AddendNormx BCC Norm If EXEN, Normalize PRODUCT, Else Complement Errata for Rankins Floating Point Routines LDX Load X for High Byte of ExponentLDA STA Fadd LOGFsub FmulPage Mantissa MOD 9/76 Load X for Later M2MHL Contin 1EAD LFA LDA Z,X L2E DCM RTLOG1 MdendNormx Object Code Dump Page Hsbdry TapdelToutfl LstcomUrcvec Outvec=UBRKVC =UIRQVCADC TAXStocom STA ORABPL HASHUS+2 Restore Except A,F STX BEQCPX JMPChksad PHP Exwrap RTSOutxah PHA TXANibasc and #$0F Nibble in a to Ascii in a BCS INST1 RTI Ldbyte JSR Inbyte Verify MEM E1PARM JMP STD2 MORED2 LDY JSR Brtt INC Ercnt UP to FF MEM3EX CLC SBC P3L BNE Exitgk Ksconf LDA Txtmov LDA BNE INRT2 Outone Newdev LDA Dftxfr LDXLDA Toutfl 8BFF 0D Msfirst Bufadh DdrdigLOADT2 STA Mode BNE Lcerr Last Char not Kgettr LDA H8DFF BCC PACKT3 DUMPT1 TXA DumptDMPT1A LDA DUMPT4 LDYOutbth LDX Outcht STX Register Name PatchHS Tape Boundary Udrah Rockwell InternationalUddra NowlnLength OldlenMovad TMASK1 =MOVADChecksum CurposTabuff TABUF2Write Edge Detect Control not Used Because KB EQS CRBCFD2A0A0A0A0 DB TO,EQSSEI Disable Interrupt RS6 JSR Crlow Clear Display E1AC Have Valid Command Space Comm Nxtadd TYALOAD1A LDA ForLOADK5 LDX JMP LOADK5 Next E46A EE INC Bkflg SET FLG OUTCK1 PHA Outcks LDADUMPT1 LDA Dumpta LDXE5EA TOGTA1 LDA TOGTA2 LDA BCC JD3 MSG Whereo LDY CPY ANY OtherSTA Outflg Outall PHA Output PHAROL Priflg Restore FLG Wrax JSR Numa EAA3 CA DEX Memerr JSR STA STIY+2 Dehalf LDA EC5E 4A LSR Only ROW Debkey LDX Onekey LDAED3B GET a Char from Tape Subroutine Edba LSR Cpiy Make Room for MSB Outtty PHA OUTD1A CPX OUTD2A TXAOUTDD1 PHA LDA First Chip Select Prndot LDA LDA #PRTIME/256 Start T2 for 1.7 Msec BIT Imask See if DOT is SET Newcol LDA NEW Print ROWBkcksm LDA Ckbuff LDAOUTTA2 LDX OUTTA1 PHAZero Leftmost Column F2E1 3E7E7F3E7F7FCOL0DB BGYU76HN Getfmt TAX RtmodeMNNDX1 LSR MNNDX2 LSRPRADR2 LDA PLAPRADR4 DEX BPL PCADJ4 AIM Text Editor LDA END+1 CMP with END AF E7 JMP KEP RUB COMMAND-FIND String JMP CHN1 See if WE RAN Past END of Buffer Limit BEQ REP2 SBC Oldlen GOGO1 RTS ROM Table FB46 8A9AAABACADAStartm JSR Rdaddr LDY IMMED1 LDX Tryjmp LDAOPCMP1 LDA Brnchc JMPConvrt LDA FORMD2 LDX Brcomp LDACompbr LDX Forwrd LDA Backwd LDACuread TXA MATCH1 JMPPATCH4 LDX CURPO2 Dont do Anything if 8D PATC15 JSR Crlf Decode Command ADDS1A AddblkBkcksm BrcompCRA Goerr Namo E8CF NAMO1 RD2 EA5D RD1 E6AC AIM 65 Microcomputer Monitor Program ListingTable of Contents AIM 65 Microcomputer Basic Language Reference ManualIntroduction Entering Basic Installing Basic in the AIM ROM Installation ProcedureMemory SIZE? WIDTH?Reentering Basic Exiting BasicBasic Cursor Printer ControlGetting Started with Basic Basic Command SET ASCCHR$ Indirect Commands Direct and Indirect Commands Direct CommandsOperating on Programs and Lines Listing a ProgramReplacing a Line Deleting a LineDeleting a Program List Printing DataPrint ONE Half Equals 1/2 Number FormatNumber Output Format Variables Assigning Variables with AN Input Statement Input RVariable Names PSTG$ Print A, A*2 LET Z=7 Print Z, Z-AReserved Words Remarks Program Using RelationsRelational Tests Input BSquare Root Program LoopingAN Improved Square Root Program Print NsqrnPrint Nsqrn Next N Another Square Root ProgramCOUNT-BACKWARD Program Some Other Looping OperationsPrint I,J Next Next J Print What is the NumberMatrix Operations Sort ProgramInput N Print BAD GUESS, TRY Again RestorePrint Must be Integer Stopping a Program$=ROCKWELL R6500 Print A$ Rockwell R6500 StringsLEN Function Print LENA$,LENMICROCOMPUTERMID$ Function RIGHT$ FunctionPrint C$ Basic FOR-ROCKWELL-R6500 VAL and Strs Functions Print B$ Basic for Rockwell R6500CHR$ Function Data AIM 65,DOGName Example PURPOSE/USE DIM Additional String ConsiderationsInput Input X$ Print Print X$ESC Operators Symbol Sample StatementCntl Print Print X/1.3Symbol Sample Statement PURPOSE/USE NegationRelational Operators Operator Argument Result Not Not If not Q3 thenPrint Intruder Alert CommandsAlert Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION Example ClearStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION List Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION FREStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION Load Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION NEWStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION Example Save Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION Example RUNProgram Statements Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION Example DEFStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION DIM Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION ENDStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION For Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION Goto Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION GosubStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION IF...GOTO Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION IF...THENStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION LET If X0 then Print ERROR, X Negative Goto ExampleStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION Next Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION ON...GOSUBSymbol SYNTAX/FUNCTION Wait Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION RestoreExample Restore Return Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION ReturnStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION POS Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION InputStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION Print Print Value ISAStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION SPC Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION ReadStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION TAB String Functions Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION ASCStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION LEN Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION LEFT$Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION MID$ Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION RIGHT$Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION ATN Arithmetic Functions Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION ABSStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION COS Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION EXPPrint Sgnx Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION Example SGNStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION Example SIN Print SinxError Messages ?XX ErrorInverse Hyperbolic Secant TAB, SPC Space HintsPRINTX,Y,Z Speed Hints Storage Allocation InformationConverting Basic Programs not Written for AIM 65 Basic This is Probably the Most Important Speed HintOLD AIM OLDAscii Character Codes Decimal Assembly Language SubroutinesNUL SOH$AE Address ContentInputnumbern PrintxRecording on Cassette Using the Basic Save Command RUN NUMBER?Storing AIM 65 Basic Programs on Cassette OUT=T F= Cassette Operations Using the AIM 65 EditorOUT=T F=FNAME T= IN=Entered by Alter Memory M ATN ImplementationOF9C 0FACSaving ATN Object Code on Cassette WIDTH? Bytes Free AIM 65 Basic
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Manual 19 pages 1.54 Kb

II specifications

The Apple II, launched in April 1977, was one of the first highly successful mass-produced microcomputer products. It marked a significant leap in personal computing, setting standards for future developments in the industry. Created by Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs, the Apple II differentiated itself with its user-friendly design, appealing aesthetics, and robust capabilities.

One of the standout features of the Apple II was its open architecture, which allowed users to expand and enhance the computer's functionality. This design enabled hundreds of third-party hardware and software developers to contribute to its ecosystem, resulting in an array of peripherals, including printers, modems, and storage devices. The Apple II utilized a MOS Technology 6502 microprocessor running at a clock speed of 1 MHz. Initially equipped with 4 KB of RAM, the machine could be expanded to 48 KB, accommodating more complex applications and programs.

The Apple II was also notable for its colorful graphics. It was one of the first computers to support color display, offering a 6-color palette with a resolution of 280x192 pixels in 16 colors when using its Color Graphics Card. This feature significantly enhanced the visual appeal of games and educational software developed for the platform, making computing more accessible and entertaining for various audiences.

Apple's commitment to user experience was evident in the design of the machine. It featured an integrated keyboard and a plastic case, which was both durable and visually appealing. The self-contained design included drive bays for floppy disk drives, allowing for quicker data access than traditional tape drives. It also supported audio output, enabling sound effects and music, a novelty at the time.

The introduction of the Apple DOS operating system further underscored the machine's capabilities. DOS streamlined file management and made it easier for users to navigate and manage their data. The combination of hardware and software positioned the Apple II as an educational tool and a gaming platform, fostering a vibrant software ecosystem.

The Apple II family continued to evolve, with variations like the Apple II+, IIe, and IIgs being introduced over the years. These iterations brought enhancements in memory, processing power, and graphics capabilities. The legacy of the Apple II endures, not only as a foundational product in personal computing but also as a symbol of innovation that paved the way for future advancements in technology. Its impact is still felt today, as it inspired countless developers and shaped the trajectory of the computer industry.
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