Apple II manual STA Outflg

Page 163

1407

E901

A9

0D

 

OUTLOW LDA

#CR

 

1408

E903

8D

13

A4

 

STA

OUTFLG

 

1409

E906

60

 

 

OUTL1

RTS

 

 

1410

E907

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1411

E907

 

 

 

;ON <ESCAPE> STOPS EXECUTION & BACK TO MONITOR

1412

E907

 

 

 

;ON <SPACE> STOPS EXECUTION & CONTINUE ON ANY OTHER KEY

1413

E907

20

42

E8

RCHEK

JSR TTYTST

;TTY OR KB ?

1414

E90A F0 1A

 

 

BEQ

RCHTTY

 

1415

E90C 20 EF EC

 

JSR ROONEK

;CLR MSK & GET A KEY

1416

E90F 88

 

 

 

DEY

 

 

1417

E910

30

13

 

 

BMI RCH3

;RTN ON NO KEY

1418

E912

A2

00

 

 

LDX

#0

 

1419

E914

20

82

EC

 

JSR

GETK2

;GET THE KEY

1420

E917

C9

1B

 

 

CMP

#ESCAPE

 

1421

E919

F0

3B

 

 

BEQ

REA1

;TO COMMAN & SET I/O TO TERMINAL

1422

E91B C9 20

 

 

CMP

#' '

;WAIT KEY

1423

E91D D0 06

 

 

BNE

RCH3

;RTN, IGNORE OTHER KEYS

1424

E91F 20 EF EC

RCH2

JSR

ROONEK

;WAIT TILL HE RELEASE IT &

1425

E922

88

 

 

 

DEY

 

;QUIT WAITING ON NEXT KEY

1426

E923

30

FA

 

 

BMI

RCH2

 

1427

E925

60

 

 

RCH3

RTS

 

 

1428

E926

70

13

 

RCHTTY BVS RCHT1

;TTI=PB6 ---> V (OVERFL FLG)

1429

E928

2C

00

A8

RCHT2

BIT DRB

;WAIT TILL HE RELEASE IT

1430

E92B 50 FB

 

 

BVC

RCHT2

 

1431

E92D 20 0F EC

 

JSR

DELAY

 

1432

E930

20

DB EB

 

JSR

GETTTY

;GET A CHAR

1433

E933

C9

1B

 

 

CMP

#ESCAPE

 

1434

E935

F0

1F

 

 

BEQ

REA1

;TO COMMAN

1435

E937

C9

20

 

 

CMP

#' '

 

1436

E939

D0

ED

 

 

BNE

RCHT2

 

1437

E93B 60

 

 

RCHT1

RTS

 

;QUIT WAITING ON ANY KEY

1438

E93C

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1439

E93C

 

 

 

;READ ONE CHAR FROM KB/TTY & PRESERVE X,Y

1440

E93C 20 9E EB

READ

JSR PHXY

;PUSH X & Y

1441

E93F 20 42 E8

 

JSR TTYTST

;TTY OR KB ?

1442

E942

D0

06

 

 

BNE

READ1

 

1443

E944

20

DB EB

 

JSR

GETTTY

 

1444

E947

4C

4D

E9

 

JMP

READ2

 

1445

E94A 20 40 EC

READ1

JSR

GETKEY

 

1446

E94D 20 AC EB

READ2

JSR

PLXY

;PULL X & Y

1447

E950

29

7F

 

 

AND

#$7F

;STRIP PARITY

1448

E952

C9

1B

 

 

CMP

#ESCAPE

 

1449

E954

D0

E5

 

 

BNE

RCHT1

;RTN

1450

E956

20

3D

FF

REA1

JSR

PATC18

;<CR> & CLR BUFFERS

1451

E959

4C

A1

E1

 

JMP COMIN

;BOTH I/O TO TERMINAL

1452

E95C

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1453

E95C

 

 

 

;READ WITH RUBOUT OR DELETE POSSIBLE

1454

E95C 20 DC E7

RB2

JSR PSLS

;SLASH OR BACK SPACE

1455

E95F 20 83 FE

RDRUP

JSR

CUREAD

 

1456

E962

C9

08

 

 

CMP

#RUB

;RUBOUT

1457

E964

F0

04

 

 

BEQ

RDR1

 

1458

E966

C9

7F

 

 

CMP

#$7F

;ALSO DELETE

1459

E968

D0

0C

 

 

BNE

RED2

;ECHO IF NOT <CR>

1460

E96A

 

 

 

;RUBOUT TO DELETE CHAR

 

1461

E96A 88

 

 

RDR1

DEY

 

 

1462

E96B 10 EF

 

 

BPL

RB2

 

1463

E96D C8

 

 

 

INY

 

 

1464

E96E F0 EF

 

 

BEQ

RDRUP

 

1465

E970

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1466

E970

 

 

 

;OUTPUT MESSAGE THEN INPUT CHR

1467

E970

20

AF E7

KEPR

JSR

KEP

 

1468

E973

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Page 162 Page 164
Image 163
Page 162 Page 164
Contents Apple II Original ROM Information Qjjj Data0005A0 FDA9A920 EDFDA98D 4CEDFDA9 8D4CEDFD Page Page Page JI@ Page 001AC0 FFFFE1E1 EFEEE7E8 EEE7F3FB FBEEE1EF 001AA0 F3FFE8E1 E8E8EFEB FFFFE0FF Ffefeeef001AE0 E8EEE7E8 Efefeeef Eeefeeee Efeeeeee 001DB0 9CDD9CDE DD9EC3DD Cfcacdcb 00479AAD 001FB0 Ffffffff FFFF2071 E14CBFEF 2003EEA9 Page 60FFFFFF .JJ DDBAF9F0 0DBDBAF9FA60FFFF 02E61FBD JJJAEAEA8AD Page Page Return Page Basl System Monitor CopyrightLOC0 LOC1Mask INY NO, INC Index X-COORD LDY PCH PRMN1 LDA FMT1 DFB Format Above EOR STA A3H FAE2 A2 FB Tabv STA Vtabs to ROW in A-REG STA Bash BCC Clreol Clear to END of Line NXTA4 INC A4L Incr 2-BYTE A4 STA BASL,Y Replace Flashing Screen Fdad A5 3C LT2 LDA A2L,X Copy A2 2 Bytes to Ioprt LDA A2L SET RAM IN/OUT Vectors BCC RD3 Loop Until Done STA A3H,X DFB LIST-1 FFF3 CC BRTBL,X SaveLSR Prepare Carry for BC, BNC Stat LDA R0L JSR STAT2 Push LOW PC Byte VIA R12 JSR LDA IN,YCMP BNE NomoveRTN MloopDCR BNZ MloopBM1 INRBNC BNZLoad DOUBLE-BYTE Indirect ExampleLoad Indirect Store IndirectPOP Indirect Store DOUBLE-BYTE IndirectStore POP Indirect Subtract ACCPOP DOUBLE-BYTE Indirect BNC LOOP1 CompareBF A0 SET $A0BF LOOP1 SUBBNZ LOOP2 Return to 6502 ModeDecrement LOOP2LOOP3 SUB Branch if no CarryBranch if Carry SET Branch if PlusReturn from Sweet 16 Subroutine Branch if Minus ONEBranch if not Minus ONE BreakSTA IND+1 LDA OPTBL,X LDA #ADRHSTA IND JMP Page Page Sweet 16 Introduction Page Source NVA DSPPrint Dbload Sweet REM Ctrl D Input Enter String a $ , a $Sweet Poke 776 , a REM Poke DestinationPrint Print Goto Call -605 Return REM XAM8 in MonitorMnemr MINI-ASSEMBLERBaum MnemlSBC PCL Form ADDR-PC-2 JSR Cout Position FORM7 STX A1H Save Index BNE ORGCLC STANorm LDA EXP1 ZERO? Shift Dividend Left Floating Point Representation LOW Floating Point PackageNumber Exponent Mantissa StoredHigh LOW EXP Mantissa Floating Point Representation ExamplesFloating Point Subroutine Descriptions Page Page Page Page HIGH-ORDER STY Init MANT1 LDYSTY Calling SequencePage Page Page Page Page Page Mmmmmmmm SeeeeeeeFsub ORG SET Base page Adresses STA X2,X Common LOG of MANT/EXP1 Result in MANT/EXP1 Ovflw BRK Overflow 1EBB STA X2,X Load EXP/MANT2 with Z 1EBD DEX 1EBE BPL LF3 Addend YES,RETURN with MANT1 NormalizedRight Shift MANT1 or Swap with MANT2 on Carry CMPNormx BCC Norm If EXEN, Normalize PRODUCT, Else Complement LDX Load X for High Byte of Exponent Errata for Rankins Floating Point RoutinesLDA STA Fmul LOGFadd FsubPage Mantissa MOD 9/76 Load X for Later M2MHL Contin 1EAD LFA LDA Z,X L2E DCM Mdend RTLOG1Normx Object Code Dump Page Lstcom TapdelHsbdry Toutfl=UIRQVC OutvecUrcvec =UBRKVCADC TAXStocom STA ORABPL HASHUS+2 Restore Except A,F JMP BEQSTX CPXTXA Exwrap RTSChksad PHP Outxah PHANibasc and #$0F Nibble in a to Ascii in a BCS INST1 RTI Ldbyte JSR Inbyte Verify MEM E1PARM JMP STD2 MORED2 LDY JSR Brtt INC Ercnt UP to FF MEM3EX CLC SBC P3L BNE Exitgk Ksconf LDA Txtmov LDA BNE INRT2 Outone Newdev LDA Dftxfr LDXLDA Toutfl 8BFF 0D Msfirst Ddrdig BufadhLOADT2 STA Mode BNE Lcerr Last Char not Kgettr LDA H8DFF BCC PACKT3 DUMPT4 LDY DumptDUMPT1 TXA DMPT1A LDAOutbth LDX Outcht STX Register Name PatchHS Tape Boundary Nowln Rockwell InternationalUdrah UddraTMASK1 =MOVAD OldlenLength MovadTABUF2 CurposChecksum TabuffWrite Edge Detect Control not Used Because KB EQS CRBCFD2A0A0A0A0 DB TO,EQSSEI Disable Interrupt RS6 JSR Crlow Clear Display E1AC Have Valid Command Space Comm Nxtadd TYALOAD1A LDA ForLOADK5 LDX JMP LOADK5 Next E46A EE INC Bkflg SET FLG OUTCK1 PHA Outcks LDADUMPT1 LDA Dumpta LDXE5EA TOGTA1 LDA TOGTA2 LDA BCC JD3 MSG Whereo LDY CPY ANY OtherSTA Outflg Outall PHA Output PHAROL Priflg Restore FLG Wrax JSR Numa EAA3 CA DEX Memerr JSR STA STIY+2 Dehalf LDA EC5E 4A LSR Only ROW Debkey LDX Onekey LDAED3B GET a Char from Tape Subroutine Edba LSR Cpiy Make Room for MSB Outtty PHA OUTD2A TXA OUTD1A CPXOUTDD1 PHA LDA First Chip Select Prndot LDA LDA #PRTIME/256 Start T2 for 1.7 Msec BIT Imask See if DOT is SET Newcol LDA NEW Print ROWBkcksm LDA Ckbuff LDAOUTTA2 LDX OUTTA1 PHAZero Leftmost Column F2E1 3E7E7F3E7F7FCOL0DB BGYU76HN MNNDX2 LSR RtmodeGetfmt TAX MNNDX1 LSRPLA PRADR2 LDAPRADR4 DEX BPL PCADJ4 AIM Text Editor LDA END+1 CMP with END AF E7 JMP KEP RUB COMMAND-FIND String JMP CHN1 See if WE RAN Past END of Buffer Limit BEQ REP2 SBC Oldlen GOGO1 RTS FB46 8A9AAABACADA ROM TableStartm JSR Rdaddr LDY IMMED1 LDX Tryjmp LDABrnchc JMP OPCMP1 LDAConvrt LDA Brcomp LDA FORMD2 LDXCompbr LDX Forwrd LDA Backwd LDACuread TXA MATCH1 JMPPATCH4 LDX CURPO2 Dont do Anything if 8D PATC15 JSR Crlf Decode Command Brcomp AddblkADDS1A BkcksmCRA Goerr Namo E8CF NAMO1 RD2 EA5D RD1 E6AC AIM 65 Microcomputer Monitor Program ListingAIM 65 Microcomputer Basic Language Reference Manual Table of ContentsIntroduction WIDTH? Installing Basic in the AIM ROM Installation ProcedureEntering Basic Memory SIZE?Printer Control Exiting BasicReentering Basic Basic CursorASC Getting Started with Basic Basic Command SETCHR$ Listing a Program Direct and Indirect Commands Direct CommandsIndirect Commands Operating on Programs and LinesList Printing Data Deleting a LineReplacing a Line Deleting a ProgramNumber Format Print ONE Half Equals 1/2Number Output Format Input R Variables Assigning Variables with AN Input StatementVariable Names Print A, A*2 LET Z=7 Print Z, Z-A PSTG$Reserved Words Input B Program Using RelationsRemarks Relational TestsPrint Nsqrn LoopingSquare Root Program AN Improved Square Root ProgramSome Other Looping Operations Another Square Root ProgramPrint Nsqrn Next N COUNT-BACKWARD ProgramSort Program Print What is the NumberPrint I,J Next Next J Matrix OperationsStopping a Program Print BAD GUESS, TRY Again RestoreInput N Print Must be IntegerPrint LENA$,LENMICROCOMPUTER Strings$=ROCKWELL R6500 Print A$ Rockwell R6500 LEN FunctionMID$ Function RIGHT$ FunctionData AIM 65,DOG Print B$ Basic for Rockwell R6500Print C$ Basic FOR-ROCKWELL-R6500 VAL and Strs Functions CHR$ FunctionPrint Print X$ Additional String ConsiderationsName Example PURPOSE/USE DIM Input Input X$Print X/1.3 Operators Symbol Sample StatementESC Cntl PrintNegation Symbol Sample Statement PURPOSE/USERelational Operators Operator Argument Result Not Not If not Q3 thenStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION Example Clear CommandsPrint Intruder Alert AlertStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION NEW Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION FREStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION List Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION LoadStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION Example DEF Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION Example RUNStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION Example Save Program StatementsStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION END Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION DIMStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION For Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION IF...THEN Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION GosubStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION Goto Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION IF...GOTOStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION ON...GOSUB If X0 then Print ERROR, X Negative Goto ExampleStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION LET Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION NextStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION Return Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION RestoreSymbol SYNTAX/FUNCTION Wait Example Restore ReturnPrint Value ISA Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION InputStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION POS Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION PrintString Functions Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION ASC Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION ReadStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION SPC Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION TABStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION RIGHT$ Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION LEFT$Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION LEN Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION MID$Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION EXP Arithmetic Functions Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION ABSStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION ATN Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION COSPrint Sinx Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION Example SGNPrint Sgnx Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION Example SIN?XX Error Error MessagesInverse Hyperbolic Secant Space Hints TAB, SPCPRINTX,Y,Z Speed Hints Storage Allocation InformationOLD This is Probably the Most Important Speed HintConverting Basic Programs not Written for AIM 65 Basic OLD AIMSOH Assembly Language SubroutinesAscii Character Codes Decimal NULPrintx Address Content$AE InputnumbernRUN NUMBER? Recording on Cassette Using the Basic Save CommandStoring AIM 65 Basic Programs on Cassette IN= Cassette Operations Using the AIM 65 EditorOUT=T F= OUT=T F=FNAME T=0FAC ATN ImplementationEntered by Alter Memory M OF9CSaving ATN Object Code on Cassette WIDTH? Bytes Free AIM 65 Basic
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Manual 19 pages 1.54 Kb

II specifications

The Apple II, launched in April 1977, was one of the first highly successful mass-produced microcomputer products. It marked a significant leap in personal computing, setting standards for future developments in the industry. Created by Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs, the Apple II differentiated itself with its user-friendly design, appealing aesthetics, and robust capabilities.

One of the standout features of the Apple II was its open architecture, which allowed users to expand and enhance the computer's functionality. This design enabled hundreds of third-party hardware and software developers to contribute to its ecosystem, resulting in an array of peripherals, including printers, modems, and storage devices. The Apple II utilized a MOS Technology 6502 microprocessor running at a clock speed of 1 MHz. Initially equipped with 4 KB of RAM, the machine could be expanded to 48 KB, accommodating more complex applications and programs.

The Apple II was also notable for its colorful graphics. It was one of the first computers to support color display, offering a 6-color palette with a resolution of 280x192 pixels in 16 colors when using its Color Graphics Card. This feature significantly enhanced the visual appeal of games and educational software developed for the platform, making computing more accessible and entertaining for various audiences.

Apple's commitment to user experience was evident in the design of the machine. It featured an integrated keyboard and a plastic case, which was both durable and visually appealing. The self-contained design included drive bays for floppy disk drives, allowing for quicker data access than traditional tape drives. It also supported audio output, enabling sound effects and music, a novelty at the time.

The introduction of the Apple DOS operating system further underscored the machine's capabilities. DOS streamlined file management and made it easier for users to navigate and manage their data. The combination of hardware and software positioned the Apple II as an educational tool and a gaming platform, fostering a vibrant software ecosystem.

The Apple II family continued to evolve, with variations like the Apple II+, IIe, and IIgs being introduced over the years. These iterations brought enhancements in memory, processing power, and graphics capabilities. The legacy of the Apple II endures, not only as a foundational product in personal computing but also as a symbol of innovation that paved the way for future advancements in technology. Its impact is still felt today, as it inspired countless developers and shaped the trajectory of the computer industry.
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