Apple II manual ED3B GET a Char from Tape Subroutine

Page 173

2027

ED3B

;GET A CHAR FROM TAPE SUBROUTINE

2028

ED3B

;A BUFFER IS USED TO GET BLOCKS OF DATA

2029

ED3B

;FROM TAPE

,EXCEPT WHEN FORMAT EQUAL TO

2030

ED3B

;KIM-1 (THE WHOLE FILE IS LOADED AT ONE TIME)

2031

ED3B 20 9E EB

TIBYTE JSR PHXY

;PUSH X

2032

ED3E AE 36 A4

 

LDX TAPTR

;POINTER FOR BUFFER

2033

ED41 E0 50

 

CPX #80

;IS BUFFER EMPTY ?

2034

ED43 D0 03

 

BNE

TIB1

 

2035

ED45 20 53 ED

 

JSR

TIBY1

;LOAD ANOTHER BLOCK

2036

ED48 BD 16 01

TIB1

LDA

TABUFF,X

 

2037

ED4B E8

 

INX

 

 

2038

ED4C 8E 36 A4

 

STX

TAPTR

 

2039

ED4F 20 AC EB

 

JSR PLXY

;PULL X

2040

ED52 60

 

RTS

 

 

2041

ED53

;LOAD A BLOCK FROM TAPE INTO BUFFER

2042

ED53 20 EA ED

TIBY1

JSR TAISET

;SET TAPE FOR INPUT

2043

ED56 20 29 EE

TIBY3

JSR GETTAP

;GET A CHAR FROM TAPE

2044

ED59 C9 23

 

CMP #'#'

;CHECK FIRST CHR FOR

2045

ED5B F0 06

 

BEQ TIBY4

;START OF BLOCK

2046

ED5D C9 16

 

CMP #$16

;IF NOT # SHOULD BE SYN

2047

ED5F D0 F2

 

BNE

TIBY1

 

2048

ED61 F0 F3

 

BEQ

TIBY3

 

2049

ED63 A2 00

TIBY4

LDX

#0

 

2050

ED65 20 29 EE

TIBY5

JSR

GETTAP

;NOW LOAD INTO BUFFER

2051

ED68 9D 16 01

 

STA

TABUFF,X

 

2052

ED6B E8

 

INX

 

 

2053

ED6C E0 52

 

CPX

#82

 

2054

ED6E D0 F5

 

BNE

TIBY5

 

2055

ED70 AD 00 A8

 

LDA

DRB

 

2056

ED73 29 CF

 

AND

#$CF

 

2057

ED75 8D 00 A8

 

STA

DRB

;TURN OFF TAPES

2058

ED78 58

 

CLI

 

;ENABL INTERR

2059

ED79 20 BD ED

 

JSR

ADDBK1

;DISPLAY BLK COUNT

2060

ED7C A2 00

 

LDX

#0

;TO CLEAR PTR IN TIBYTE

2061

ED7E AD 15 01

 

LDA

BLK

;CHECK THE BLOCK COUNT

2062

ED81 F0 05

 

BEQ

TIBY5A

;IF FIRST BLK ,DO NOT CMP

2063

ED83 DD 16 01

 

CMP

TABUFF,X

 

2064

ED86 D0 28

 

BNE TIBY7

;BRANCH IF WE MISSED ONE BLOCK

2065

ED88 E8

TIBY5A INX

 

 

2066

ED89 8E 36 A4

 

STX

TAPTR

 

2067

ED8C EE 15 01

 

INC

BLK

;INCR BLK CONT

2068

ED8F AD 67 01

 

LDA TABUFF+81

;STORE THIS BLK CKSUM

2069

ED92 48

 

PHA

 

 

2070

ED93 AD 66 01

 

LDA

TABUFF+80

 

2071

ED96 48

 

PHA

 

 

2072

ED97 CE 12 A4

 

DEC INFLG

;SET INFLG DIFF FROM OUTFLG

2073

ED9A 20 E7 F1

 

JSR BKCKSM

;COMPUT BLK CKSUM FOR THIS BLK

2074

ED9D 68

 

PLA

 

 

2075

ED9E CD 66 01

 

CMP TABUFF+80

;DO THEY AGREE ?

2076

EDA1 D0 0C

 

BNE

TIBY6

 

2077

EDA3 68

 

PLA

 

 

2078

EDA4 CD 67 01

 

CMP

TABUFF+81

 

2079

EDA7 D0 07

 

BNE

TIBY7

 

2080

EDA9 EE 12 A4

 

INC

INFLG

;RESTORE INPUT DEVICE

2081

EDAC A2 01

 

LDX

#1

;TO GET FIRST CHR IN TIBYTE

2082

EDAE 60

 

RTS

 

 

2083

EDAF 68

TIBY6

PLA

 

;RESTORE STACK PTR

2084

EDB0 68

TIBY7

PLA

 

 

2085

EDB1 68

 

PLA

 

 

2086

EDB2 68

 

PLA

 

 

2087

EDB3 68

 

PLA

 

 

2088

EDB4 20 8E E3

 

JSR

CKER0

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Page 172 Page 174
Image 173
Page 172 Page 174
Contents Apple II Original ROM Information Qjjj Data0005A0 FDA9A920 EDFDA98D 4CEDFDA9 8D4CEDFD Page Page Page JI@ Page 001AE0 E8EEE7E8 Efefeeef Eeefeeee Efeeeeee 001AA0 F3FFE8E1 E8E8EFEB FFFFE0FF Ffefeeef001AC0 FFFFE1E1 EFEEE7E8 EEE7F3FB FBEEE1EF 001DB0 9CDD9CDE DD9EC3DD Cfcacdcb 00479AAD 001FB0 Ffffffff FFFF2071 E14CBFEF 2003EEA9 Page FA60FFFF DDBAF9F0 0DBDBAF902E61FBD JJJ 60FFFFFF .JJAEAEA8AD Page Page Return Page LOC0 System Monitor CopyrightLOC1 BaslMask INY NO, INC Index X-COORD LDY PCH PRMN1 LDA FMT1 DFB Format Above EOR STA A3H FAE2 A2 FB Tabv STA Vtabs to ROW in A-REG STA Bash BCC Clreol Clear to END of Line NXTA4 INC A4L Incr 2-BYTE A4 STA BASL,Y Replace Flashing Screen Fdad A5 3C LT2 LDA A2L,X Copy A2 2 Bytes to Ioprt LDA A2L SET RAM IN/OUT Vectors BCC RD3 Loop Until Done STA A3H,X DFB LIST-1 FFF3 CC BRTBL,X SaveLSR Prepare Carry for BC, BNC Stat LDA R0L JSR STAT2 Push LOW PC Byte VIA R12 CMP LDA IN,YBNE Nomove JSRDCR MloopBNZ Mloop RTNBNC INRBNZ BM1Load Indirect ExampleStore Indirect Load DOUBLE-BYTE IndirectStore POP Indirect Store DOUBLE-BYTE IndirectPOP Indirect POP DOUBLE-BYTE Indirect ACCSubtract BF A0 SET $A0BF CompareLOOP1 SUB BNC LOOP1Decrement Return to 6502 ModeLOOP2 BNZ LOOP2Branch if Carry SET Branch if no CarryBranch if Plus LOOP3 SUBBranch if not Minus ONE Branch if Minus ONEBreak Return from Sweet 16 SubroutineSTA IND JMP LDA #ADRHSTA IND+1 LDA OPTBL,X Page Page Sweet 16 Introduction Page Source Print Dbload Sweet REM Ctrl D DSPInput Enter String a $ , a $ NVAPrint Print Goto Poke 776 , a REM Poke DestinationCall -605 Return REM XAM8 in Monitor SweetBaum MINI-ASSEMBLERMneml MnemrSBC PCL Form ADDR-PC-2 JSR Cout Position FORM7 STX A1H Save Index CLC ORGSTA BNENorm LDA EXP1 ZERO? Shift Dividend Left Floating Point Representation LOW Floating Point PackageHigh LOW EXP Mantissa StoredFloating Point Representation Examples Number Exponent MantissaFloating Point Subroutine Descriptions Page Page Page Page STY STY Init MANT1 LDYCalling Sequence HIGH-ORDERPage Page Page Page Page Page Fsub SeeeeeeeMmmmmmmm ORG SET Base page Adresses STA X2,X Common LOG of MANT/EXP1 Result in MANT/EXP1 Ovflw BRK Overflow 1EBB STA X2,X Load EXP/MANT2 with Z 1EBD DEX 1EBE BPL LF3 Right Shift MANT1 or Swap with MANT2 on Carry YES,RETURN with MANT1 NormalizedCMP AddendNormx BCC Norm If EXEN, Normalize PRODUCT, Else Complement LDA STA Errata for Rankins Floating Point RoutinesLDX Load X for High Byte of Exponent Fadd LOGFsub FmulPage Mantissa MOD 9/76 Load X for Later M2MHL Contin 1EAD LFA LDA Z,X L2E DCM Normx RTLOG1Mdend Object Code Dump Page Hsbdry TapdelToutfl LstcomUrcvec Outvec=UBRKVC =UIRQVCADC TAXStocom STA ORABPL HASHUS+2 Restore Except A,F STX BEQCPX JMPChksad PHP Exwrap RTSOutxah PHA TXANibasc and #$0F Nibble in a to Ascii in a BCS INST1 RTI Ldbyte JSR Inbyte Verify MEM E1PARM JMP STD2 MORED2 LDY JSR Brtt INC Ercnt UP to FF MEM3EX CLC SBC P3L BNE Exitgk Ksconf LDA Txtmov LDA BNE INRT2 Outone Newdev LDA Dftxfr LDXLDA Toutfl 8BFF 0D Msfirst LOADT2 BufadhDdrdig STA Mode BNE Lcerr Last Char not Kgettr LDA H8DFF BCC PACKT3 DUMPT1 TXA DumptDMPT1A LDA DUMPT4 LDYOutbth LDX Outcht STX Register Name PatchHS Tape Boundary Udrah Rockwell InternationalUddra NowlnLength OldlenMovad TMASK1 =MOVADChecksum CurposTabuff TABUF2Write Edge Detect Control not Used Because KB EQS CRBCFD2A0A0A0A0 DB TO,EQSSEI Disable Interrupt RS6 JSR Crlow Clear Display E1AC Have Valid Command Space Comm Nxtadd TYALOAD1A LDA ForLOADK5 LDX JMP LOADK5 Next E46A EE INC Bkflg SET FLG OUTCK1 PHA Outcks LDADUMPT1 LDA Dumpta LDXE5EA TOGTA1 LDA TOGTA2 LDA BCC JD3 MSG Whereo LDY CPY ANY OtherSTA Outflg Outall PHA Output PHAROL Priflg Restore FLG Wrax JSR Numa EAA3 CA DEX Memerr JSR STA STIY+2 Dehalf LDA EC5E 4A LSR Only ROW Debkey LDX Onekey LDAED3B GET a Char from Tape Subroutine Edba LSR Cpiy Make Room for MSB Outtty PHA OUTDD1 PHA OUTD1A CPXOUTD2A TXA LDA First Chip Select Prndot LDA LDA #PRTIME/256 Start T2 for 1.7 Msec BIT Imask See if DOT is SET Newcol LDA NEW Print ROWBkcksm LDA Ckbuff LDAOUTTA2 LDX OUTTA1 PHAZero Leftmost Column F2E1 3E7E7F3E7F7FCOL0DB BGYU76HN Getfmt TAX RtmodeMNNDX1 LSR MNNDX2 LSRPRADR4 DEX PRADR2 LDAPLA BPL PCADJ4 AIM Text Editor LDA END+1 CMP with END AF E7 JMP KEP RUB COMMAND-FIND String JMP CHN1 See if WE RAN Past END of Buffer Limit BEQ REP2 SBC Oldlen GOGO1 RTS Startm JSR ROM TableFB46 8A9AAABACADA Rdaddr LDY IMMED1 LDX Tryjmp LDAConvrt LDA OPCMP1 LDABrnchc JMP Compbr LDX FORMD2 LDXBrcomp LDA Forwrd LDA Backwd LDACuread TXA MATCH1 JMPPATCH4 LDX CURPO2 Dont do Anything if 8D PATC15 JSR Crlf Decode Command ADDS1A AddblkBkcksm BrcompCRA Goerr Namo E8CF NAMO1 RD2 EA5D RD1 E6AC AIM 65 Microcomputer Monitor Program ListingIntroduction Table of ContentsAIM 65 Microcomputer Basic Language Reference Manual Entering Basic Installing Basic in the AIM ROM Installation ProcedureMemory SIZE? WIDTH?Reentering Basic Exiting BasicBasic Cursor Printer ControlCHR$ Getting Started with Basic Basic Command SETASC Indirect Commands Direct and Indirect Commands Direct CommandsOperating on Programs and Lines Listing a ProgramReplacing a Line Deleting a LineDeleting a Program List Printing DataNumber Output Format Print ONE Half Equals 1/2Number Format Variable Names Variables Assigning Variables with AN Input StatementInput R Reserved Words PSTG$Print A, A*2 LET Z=7 Print Z, Z-A Remarks Program Using RelationsRelational Tests Input BSquare Root Program LoopingAN Improved Square Root Program Print NsqrnPrint Nsqrn Next N Another Square Root ProgramCOUNT-BACKWARD Program Some Other Looping OperationsPrint I,J Next Next J Print What is the NumberMatrix Operations Sort ProgramInput N Print BAD GUESS, TRY Again RestorePrint Must be Integer Stopping a Program$=ROCKWELL R6500 Print A$ Rockwell R6500 StringsLEN Function Print LENA$,LENMICROCOMPUTERMID$ Function RIGHT$ FunctionPrint C$ Basic FOR-ROCKWELL-R6500 VAL and Strs Functions Print B$ Basic for Rockwell R6500CHR$ Function Data AIM 65,DOGName Example PURPOSE/USE DIM Additional String ConsiderationsInput Input X$ Print Print X$ESC Operators Symbol Sample StatementCntl Print Print X/1.3Relational Operators Symbol Sample Statement PURPOSE/USENegation Operator Argument Result Not Not If not Q3 thenPrint Intruder Alert CommandsAlert Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION Example ClearStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION List Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION FREStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION Load Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION NEWStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION Example Save Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION Example RUNProgram Statements Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION Example DEFStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION For Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION DIMStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION END Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION Goto Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION GosubStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION IF...GOTO Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION IF...THENStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION LET If X0 then Print ERROR, X Negative Goto ExampleStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION Next Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION ON...GOSUBSymbol SYNTAX/FUNCTION Wait Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION RestoreExample Restore Return Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION ReturnStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION POS Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION InputStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION Print Print Value ISAStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION SPC Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION ReadStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION TAB String Functions Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION ASCStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION LEN Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION LEFT$Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION MID$ Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION RIGHT$Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION ATN Arithmetic Functions Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION ABSStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION COS Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION EXPPrint Sgnx Statement SYNTAX/FUNCTION Example SGNStatement SYNTAX/FUNCTION Example SIN Print SinxInverse Hyperbolic Secant Error Messages?XX Error PRINTX,Y,Z TAB, SPCSpace Hints Speed Hints Storage Allocation InformationConverting Basic Programs not Written for AIM 65 Basic This is Probably the Most Important Speed HintOLD AIM OLDAscii Character Codes Decimal Assembly Language SubroutinesNUL SOH$AE Address ContentInputnumbern PrintxStoring AIM 65 Basic Programs on Cassette Recording on Cassette Using the Basic Save CommandRUN NUMBER? OUT=T F= Cassette Operations Using the AIM 65 EditorOUT=T F=FNAME T= IN=Entered by Alter Memory M ATN ImplementationOF9C 0FACSaving ATN Object Code on Cassette WIDTH? Bytes Free AIM 65 Basic
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II specifications

The Apple II, launched in April 1977, was one of the first highly successful mass-produced microcomputer products. It marked a significant leap in personal computing, setting standards for future developments in the industry. Created by Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs, the Apple II differentiated itself with its user-friendly design, appealing aesthetics, and robust capabilities.

One of the standout features of the Apple II was its open architecture, which allowed users to expand and enhance the computer's functionality. This design enabled hundreds of third-party hardware and software developers to contribute to its ecosystem, resulting in an array of peripherals, including printers, modems, and storage devices. The Apple II utilized a MOS Technology 6502 microprocessor running at a clock speed of 1 MHz. Initially equipped with 4 KB of RAM, the machine could be expanded to 48 KB, accommodating more complex applications and programs.

The Apple II was also notable for its colorful graphics. It was one of the first computers to support color display, offering a 6-color palette with a resolution of 280x192 pixels in 16 colors when using its Color Graphics Card. This feature significantly enhanced the visual appeal of games and educational software developed for the platform, making computing more accessible and entertaining for various audiences.

Apple's commitment to user experience was evident in the design of the machine. It featured an integrated keyboard and a plastic case, which was both durable and visually appealing. The self-contained design included drive bays for floppy disk drives, allowing for quicker data access than traditional tape drives. It also supported audio output, enabling sound effects and music, a novelty at the time.

The introduction of the Apple DOS operating system further underscored the machine's capabilities. DOS streamlined file management and made it easier for users to navigate and manage their data. The combination of hardware and software positioned the Apple II as an educational tool and a gaming platform, fostering a vibrant software ecosystem.

The Apple II family continued to evolve, with variations like the Apple II+, IIe, and IIgs being introduced over the years. These iterations brought enhancements in memory, processing power, and graphics capabilities. The legacy of the Apple II endures, not only as a foundational product in personal computing but also as a symbol of innovation that paved the way for future advancements in technology. Its impact is still felt today, as it inspired countless developers and shaped the trajectory of the computer industry.
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