C H A P T E R 6

Data Input

Writing, Drawing, and Editing

In some places users can’t be restricted to multiple-choice input methods. They must be able to input their own text or shapes (pictures). The Newton interface includes several elements in which users can write text or draw pictures. Some of these interface elements recognize text from handwriting or printing, some recognize geometric shapes from line drawings, and one interface element recognizes both types of input. All of the interface elements that recognize text or shapes also recognize a common set of gestures with which users can correct and edit text and shapes.

Text Input

There are several interface elements for text input. They can accept all types of written input, including general text, numbers, phone numbers, dates, and time. Applications can also tune the text-input elements for a specific type of text, such as numbers, phone numbers, or dates. All text-input elements have the following capabilities:

Recognition Automatically transform handwriting or printing to typeset text. (An application can let users turn off or delay recognition.)

Ink Text Display and store handwriting and printing exactly as written, in electronic ink, for later transformation to typeset text at the user’s discretion.

Text insertion Add newly written words at the caret symbol displayed on the screen or at the end of the nearest line, depending on how the user sets handwriting preferences.

Clipping Automatically clip text that won’t fit, by showing an ellipsis to indicate text beyond what is visible.

Correction Let users correct misrecognized text.

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Writing, Drawing, and Editing

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Apple 2 manual Writing, Drawing, and Editing, Text Input

2 specifications

The Apple II is a defining product in the history of personal computing, first introduced in 1977 by Apple Computer, Inc. Designed by Steve Wozniak, the Apple II was one of the first highly successful mass-produced microcomputer products and played a significant role in bringing personal computers into homes and schools.

One of the Apple II's standout features was its color graphics capability. It was one of the first personal computers to provide color output, thanks to its built-in video interface. The initial model supported a resolution of 280x192 pixels with a palette of 6 colors, which allowed for vibrant visuals that set it apart from contemporaries like the monochrome Altair 8800.

The Apple II was notable for its open architecture. This design allowed users to expand the computer's capabilities easily through a series of expansion slots. Users could add floppy disk drives, additional memory, and various peripheral devices, making the system highly adaptable to individual needs. This encouraged a thriving ecosystem of third-party hardware and software, which contributed to its popularity.

Another significant feature was its use of the 6502 microprocessor. This 8-bit CPU was not only affordable but also powerful for its time, allowing the Apple II to run various applications efficiently. Along with a built-in keyboard and an innovative plastic case that housed its components, the design was user-friendly and appealing.

The Apple II also introduced the concept of “bootable software” through the use of floppy disks. The disk operating system (DOS) allowed users to store and run multiple programs without having to reload software manually, providing a level of convenience that had not been widely available before. Key software like VisiCalc, the first spreadsheet program, helped boost sales, showcasing the Apple II's utility in business and education environments.

The computer was also well-known for its early adoption of BASIC programming language. Apple provided an operating system that supported Applesoft BASIC, which enabled users, including students, to write their programs, further fostering a community of developers.

In summary, the Apple II's color graphics, open architecture, powerful 6502 processor, innovative use of floppy disks, and support for BASIC programming made it a revolutionary product in its time. Its legacy laid the groundwork for future personal computers and established Apple as a leader in the burgeoning tech industry. The Apple II remains an iconic symbol of the early personal computing era, reflecting a generation's transition into a digitally connected world.