C H A P T E R 2

Container Views

Roll Views

In a roll view several discrete, fixed-size subviews are arranged one above another like pictures on a filmstrip. A roll view invariably contains more subviews than can be displayed in full detail at once. To see a subview that’s not currently displayed, a user can scroll through the subviews. Alternatively, a user can see an overview consisting of one-line subview titles.

In most applications, users don’t find roll views useful. Studies show that users tend not to use scrolling to access different subviews, finding it easier to pick from a list than to remember the relative position of subviews. Usually it makes more sense to implement the subviews of a roll view as individual slips, and list their titles in an overview. For example, the overviews of the built-in Preferences and Formulas applications list the titles of individual slips, and users cannot scroll from slip to slip.

For more information on scrolling and overview, see “Scrolling” on page 2-36 and “Overview” beginning on page 2-44.

Roll views bear some resemblance to the paper roll structure of the Notepad, but there are several major distinctions. For one, users can create new notes in the Notepad but cannot create new subviews in a roll view. Users can also vary the length of notes in the Notepad, but a roll view’s subview sizes are fixed. Moreover, a roll view’s summary cannot scroll and can display at most 16 one-line subview descriptions. There can be more than 16 subviews; to see beyond the 16th subview, a user must scroll subview by subview, starting with the 16th one.

Roll Views

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Apple 2 manual Roll Views

2 specifications

The Apple II is a defining product in the history of personal computing, first introduced in 1977 by Apple Computer, Inc. Designed by Steve Wozniak, the Apple II was one of the first highly successful mass-produced microcomputer products and played a significant role in bringing personal computers into homes and schools.

One of the Apple II's standout features was its color graphics capability. It was one of the first personal computers to provide color output, thanks to its built-in video interface. The initial model supported a resolution of 280x192 pixels with a palette of 6 colors, which allowed for vibrant visuals that set it apart from contemporaries like the monochrome Altair 8800.

The Apple II was notable for its open architecture. This design allowed users to expand the computer's capabilities easily through a series of expansion slots. Users could add floppy disk drives, additional memory, and various peripheral devices, making the system highly adaptable to individual needs. This encouraged a thriving ecosystem of third-party hardware and software, which contributed to its popularity.

Another significant feature was its use of the 6502 microprocessor. This 8-bit CPU was not only affordable but also powerful for its time, allowing the Apple II to run various applications efficiently. Along with a built-in keyboard and an innovative plastic case that housed its components, the design was user-friendly and appealing.

The Apple II also introduced the concept of “bootable software” through the use of floppy disks. The disk operating system (DOS) allowed users to store and run multiple programs without having to reload software manually, providing a level of convenience that had not been widely available before. Key software like VisiCalc, the first spreadsheet program, helped boost sales, showcasing the Apple II's utility in business and education environments.

The computer was also well-known for its early adoption of BASIC programming language. Apple provided an operating system that supported Applesoft BASIC, which enabled users, including students, to write their programs, further fostering a community of developers.

In summary, the Apple II's color graphics, open architecture, powerful 6502 processor, innovative use of floppy disks, and support for BASIC programming made it a revolutionary product in its time. Its legacy laid the groundwork for future personal computers and established Apple as a leader in the burgeoning tech industry. The Apple II remains an iconic symbol of the early personal computing era, reflecting a generation's transition into a digitally connected world.