C H A P T E R 2

Container Views

Figure 2-31The universal scroll arrows at the bottom of a MessagePad screen

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Any view can have its scrolling controlled by user taps on the universal scroll arrows, but they only affect one of the open views. To be affected, a view must meet two requirements. First, the view must be set up during application development to receive taps on the universal scroll arrows. Second, it must be in front of all other open views that have also been set up to receive those taps. It is entirely possible for the view that is affected by the universal scroll arrows to be partially or completely covered by other open views that were not set up to receive scroll-arrow taps. (A view that receives scroll-arrow taps also receives taps on the Overview button, which is described in “Overview” on page 2-44).

There is no convention for indicating what will scroll when a user taps a universal scroll arrow. Users must learn by experience what will scroll when they tap the universal scroll arrows.

Generally, the universal scroll arrows should scroll most of the information in a view. An application should not use the universal scroll arrows to scroll part of the information embedded in a view. For instance, the built-in Date Book application uses the universal scroll arrows for scrolling from day to day, not for scrolling from hour to hour or month to month.

Local Scroll Arrows

For scrolling part of the information embedded in a view, an application should use local scroll arrows. For instance, the Date Book has a set of local scroll arrows for scrolling from hour to hour and another set for scrolling from month to month. Figure 2-32 illustrates the Date Book’s use of scroll arrows.

How Views Work

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Apple 2 manual Local Scroll Arrows

2 specifications

The Apple II is a defining product in the history of personal computing, first introduced in 1977 by Apple Computer, Inc. Designed by Steve Wozniak, the Apple II was one of the first highly successful mass-produced microcomputer products and played a significant role in bringing personal computers into homes and schools.

One of the Apple II's standout features was its color graphics capability. It was one of the first personal computers to provide color output, thanks to its built-in video interface. The initial model supported a resolution of 280x192 pixels with a palette of 6 colors, which allowed for vibrant visuals that set it apart from contemporaries like the monochrome Altair 8800.

The Apple II was notable for its open architecture. This design allowed users to expand the computer's capabilities easily through a series of expansion slots. Users could add floppy disk drives, additional memory, and various peripheral devices, making the system highly adaptable to individual needs. This encouraged a thriving ecosystem of third-party hardware and software, which contributed to its popularity.

Another significant feature was its use of the 6502 microprocessor. This 8-bit CPU was not only affordable but also powerful for its time, allowing the Apple II to run various applications efficiently. Along with a built-in keyboard and an innovative plastic case that housed its components, the design was user-friendly and appealing.

The Apple II also introduced the concept of “bootable software” through the use of floppy disks. The disk operating system (DOS) allowed users to store and run multiple programs without having to reload software manually, providing a level of convenience that had not been widely available before. Key software like VisiCalc, the first spreadsheet program, helped boost sales, showcasing the Apple II's utility in business and education environments.

The computer was also well-known for its early adoption of BASIC programming language. Apple provided an operating system that supported Applesoft BASIC, which enabled users, including students, to write their programs, further fostering a community of developers.

In summary, the Apple II's color graphics, open architecture, powerful 6502 processor, innovative use of floppy disks, and support for BASIC programming made it a revolutionary product in its time. Its legacy laid the groundwork for future personal computers and established Apple as a leader in the burgeoning tech industry. The Apple II remains an iconic symbol of the early personal computing era, reflecting a generation's transition into a digitally connected world.