7-2
Operating Concepts
Using This Chapter
Using This Chapter
This chapter provides conceptual information on how specific functions of the network
analyzer operate. The following topics are discussed:
•“System Operation” on page 7-3
•“Processing” on page 7-5
•“Output Power” on page7-9
•“Sweep Time” on page 7-11
•“Source Attenuator Switch Protection” on page7-13
•“Channel Stimulus Coupling” on page7-14
•“Sweep Types” on page 7- 15
•“S-Parameters” on page7-20
•“Analyzer Display Formats” on page7-24
•“Electrical Delay” on page7-33
•“Noise Reduction Techniques” on page7-34
•“Measurement Calibration” on page7-37
•“Calibration Routines” on page7-54
•“Modifying Calibration Kits” on page7-57
• TRL/LRM Calibration
•“GPIB Operation” on page7 -78
•“Limit Line Operation” on page7-82
•“Knowing the Instrument Modes” on page 7-84
Where to Find More Information• Operation concepts relating to mixer measurements and time domain measurements
can be found in Chapter 2, "Making Mixer Measurements (Option 089 Only)" and
Chapter 3 , “Making Time Domain Measurements.”
• Descriptions of all instrument functions are located in the “Hardkey/Softkey Reference”
chapter of the reference guide.
• Procedures for using instrument functions, making measurements, recording
measurement results, and performing calibrations are located in Chapter 1, "Making
Measurements" and Chapter 6 , “Calibrating for Increased Measurement Accuracy.”