Appendix D Binary Conversion Table | Netopia R910 manual

Binary Conversion Table D-195

Appendix D

Binary Conversion Table

This table is provided to help you choose subnet numbers and host numbers for IP and MacIP networks that use subnetting for IP addresses.

Decimal	Binary	Decimal	Binary	Decimal	Binary	Decimal	Binary


0	0	32	100000	64	1000000	96	1100000

1	1	33	1000001	65	1000001	97	1100001

2	10	34	100010	66	1000010	98	1100010

3	11	35	100011	67	1000011	99	1100011

4	100	36	100100	68	1000100	100	1100100

5	101	37	100101	69	1000101	101	1100101

6	110	38	100110	70	1000110	102	1100110

7	111	39	100111	71	1000111	103	1100111

8	1000	40	101000	72	1001000	104	1101000

9	1001	41	101001	73	1001001	105	1101001

10	1010	42	101010	74	1001010	106	1101010

11	1011	43	101011	75	1001011	107	1101011

12	1100	44	101100	76	1001100	108	1101100

13	1101	45	101101	77	1001101	109	1101101

14	1110	46	101110	78	1001110	110	1101110

15	1111	47	101111	79	1001111	111	1101111

16	10000	48	110000	80	1010000	112	1110000

17	10001	49	110001	81	1010001	113	1110001

18	10010	50	110010	82	1010010	114	1110010

19	10011	51	110011	83	1010011	115	1110011

20	10100	52	110100	84	1010100	116	1110100

21	10101	53	110101	85	1010101	117	1110101

22	10110	54	110110	86	1010110	118	1110110

23	10111	55	110111	87	1010111	119	1110111

24	11000	56	111000	88	1011000	120	1111000

25	11001	57	111001	89	1011001	121	1111001

26	11010	58	111010	90	1011010	122	1111010

27	11011	59	111011	91	1011011	123	1111011

28	11100	60	111100	92	1011100	124	1111100

29	11101	61	111101	93	1011101	125	1111101

30	11110	62	111110	94	1011110	126	1111110

31	11111	63	111111	95	1011111	127	1111111

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Netopia R910 manual Appendix D Binary Conversion Table

Contents

Netopia R910 Ethernet Router for DSL and Cable Modems Part Number Contents Iv User’s Reference Guide Contents Snmp Contents Index Features and capabilities Chapter IntroductionOverview How to use this guide Obtaining information from the ISP Chapter Setting Up Internet ServicesDeciding on an ISP account DSL and cable modems Local LAN IP address information to obtain With Network Address TranslationWithout Network Address Translation Find a location Chapter Making the Physical Connections Identify the connectors and attach the cables What you needLine 1 port Your router on Netopia R910 Ethernet Router back panel ports 10 12 13 14 15 16 Netopia R910 Ethernet Router status lights Chapter Connecting to Your Local Area Network Network ModelBefore After Readying computers on your local network Connecting to Your Local Area Network Connecting to an Ethernet network Power port Console port10Base-T Netopia R910 in a 10Base-T network User’s Reference Guide Hardware and operating system requirements Chapter Configuring TCP/IP Dynamic conﬁguration recommended Conﬁguring TCP/IP on Windows 95 or Static conﬁguration optional Conﬁguring TCP/IP on a Macintosh Computer Static conﬁguration optional Dynamic conﬁguration using MacIP optional Conﬁguring TCP/IP User’s Reference Guide Chapter Console-Based Management Snmp Simple Network Management Protocol. See Snmp on Connecting through a Telnet session Conﬁguring Telnet software Connecting a console cable to your router Mac ANSI, VT-100, or VT-200 Navigating through the console screens Chapter Easy Setup Easy Setup console screensAccessing the Easy Setup console screens Screen similar to the following Main Menu appears Quick Easy Setup connection path If your ISP supports DhcpIf your ISP doesn’t support Dhcp Main Menu appears WAN Ethernet Conﬁguration More Easy Setup options Previous Screen Next Screen IP Easy Setup Easy Setup Security Conﬁguration User’s Reference Guide WAN conﬁguration Chapter WAN and System Configuration System conﬁguration screens Navigating through the system conﬁguration screens System conﬁguration features Date and time IP setupFilter sets ﬁrewalls IP address serving Security Upgrade feature setConsole conﬁguration Snmp Simple Network Management Protocol Logging Installing the Syslog client Network Address Translation features Chapter IP Setup and Network Address Translation HOW NAT Works Using Network Address Translation To Main Menu Network Address Translation guideline Associating port numbers with nodes IP Setup Ethernet IP Address IP Setup and Network Address Translation Exports, Add Export, and Delete Export Select Add Export. The Add Exported Service screen appears Select Service. a pop-up menu of services and ports appears IP subnets IP Setup and Network Address Translation Static routes Viewing static routes Static Routes screen will appear Adding a static route Rules of static route installation Modifying a static routeDeleting a static route Main Menu System Configuration IP Address Serving Dhcp NetBios Options Serve Bootp Clients IP Address Pools IP Setup and Network Address Translation Dhcp NetBIOS Options NetBios Type User’s Reference Guide Chapter Virtual Private Networks VPN Transi t In t ern etwor k Summary Pptp configuration Configuration Add Connection ProfileAbout Pptp Tunnels Chap User’s Reference Guide Encryption Support IP Proﬁle Parameters screen appearsMS-CHAP V2 and strong encryption About IPsec Tunnels Configuration Add Connection Proﬁle screen appears IPsec Encryption & Authentication Options IP Profile Parameters Following section Advanced IP Profile Options VPN Default Answer Profile Interoperation with other features VPN QuickViewQuickView Virtual Private Networks VPN Dial-Up Networking for VPN Installing Dial-Up Networking Creating a new Dial-Up Networking profile Configuring a Dial-Up Networking profile Virtual Private Networks VPN Installing the VPN Client Windows 95 VPN installationWindows 98 VPN installation Connecting using Dial-Up Networking About Atmp Tunnels Atmp configuration Pptp Commitcancel User’s Reference Guide Local WAN IP Address 0.0 Remote IP Address Pptp example on Atmp example on Allowing VPNs through a Firewall Pptp example Change Input Filter EnabledYes ForwardYes Source IP Address Change Output Filter EnabledYes ForwardYes Source IP Address Atmp example Source Port ID Dest. Port Compare Change Output Filter EnabledYes ForwardYes Source IP Address Chapter PPP over Ethernet Setup EN WAN Module Add Connection PPP Ethernet LAN Reconfiguration Quick View Quick View status overview Chapter Monitoring Tools Status lights General status General Statistics Statistics & Logs Event histories Physical InterfaceNetwork Interface Device Event History WAN Event History Routing tables Scroll Down IP routing table Served IP Addresses System Information Snmp Snmp Setup screen Community strings Snmp traps Setting the IP trap receivers Viewing IP trap receiversModifying IP trap receivers Deleting IP trap receivers User’s Reference Guide Chapter Security Suggested security measuresUser accounts Protecting the conﬁguration screens Protecting the Security Options screen Telnet access About ﬁlters and ﬁlter sets What’s a ﬁlter and what’s a ﬁlter set?How ﬁlter sets work Filter priority How individual ﬁlters work ﬁlter’s actionsﬁltering rule Who 513 Parts of a ﬁlterPort numbers 161 Aurp AppleTalk 387 Putting the parts together Other ﬁlter attributes Filtering example #1 Internet Control Message ProtocolTransmission Control Protocol User Datagram Protocol Filtering example #2 Design guidelines An approach to using ﬁlters Working with IP ﬁlters and ﬁlter setsDisadvantages of ﬁlters Adding a ﬁlter set Naming a new ﬁlter set Input and output ﬁlters-source and destination Netopia R910 RouterAdding ﬁlters to a ﬁlter set ADD this Filter NOW Cancel Deleting ﬁlters Viewing ﬁlter setsViewing ﬁlters Modifying ﬁlters Modifying ﬁlter sets Deleting a ﬁlter setSample IP ﬁlter set TCP Icmp UDP Possible modiﬁcations User’s Reference Guide ACK Bit Yes Firewall tutorial General ﬁrewall termsBasic IP packet components Basic protocol types Firewall design rules Example TCP/UDP PortsFirewall Logic Binary representation Logical and functionImplied rules This is an example of the Netopia IP ﬁlter set screen Filter basicsEstablished connections Example IP ﬁlter set screen Example ﬁlters Example networkExample Example Example User’s Reference Guide Radius Client Support Radius client configuration Radius Server Secret Continue Cancel Continue Chapter Utilities and Diagnostics Start Ping Ping Receive return Ping packet Stop Ping Trace Route Telnet client Factory defaults Disconnect Telnet console sessionTransferring conﬁguration and ﬁrmware ﬁles with Tftp Updating ﬁrmware Press Return. You will see the following dialog box Downloading conﬁguration ﬁles Transferring conﬁguration and ﬁrmware ﬁles with Xmodem Uploading conﬁguration ﬁles Idle Do you want to send a saved configuration to your Netopia? Restarting the system Conﬁguration problems Appendix a Troubleshooting Network problems Console connection problems Power outages How to reset the router to factory defaults Environment proﬁle How to reach usTechnical support Before contacting Netopia Online product information Product information can be found in the followingOnline Technical Support User’s Reference Guide What is IP? Appendix B Understanding IP AddressingAbout IP addressing Subnets and subnet masks Subnet masks Example Using subnets on a Class C IP internet ISP Network Network conﬁguration Example Working with a Class C subnet Distributing IP addressesBackground 255.255.255.224 Technical note on subnet masking Dhcp address serving Netopia R910 Dhcp server characteristicsConﬁguration 255.255.255.0 MacIP serving Using address servingManually distributing IP addresses Tips and rules for distributing IP addresses Understanding IP Addressing B-181 Dhcp example Nested IP subnets Internet 0.0 C.1 WAN 3719 Packet header types Broadcasts User’s Reference Guide Appendix C Understanding Netopia NAT Behavior Network conﬁgurationBackground User’s Reference Guide Understanding Netopia NAT Behavior C-189 Router Netopia Understanding Netopia NAT Behavior C-191 Exported services Important notes Understanding Netopia NAT Behavior C-193 Summary Appendix D Binary Conversion Table Decimal Binary Appendix E Further Reading User’s Reference Guide Further Reading E-199 User’s Reference Guide Appendix F Technical Specifications and Safety Information Declaration for Canadian users Regulatory notices Important safety instructions Telecommunication installation cautionsBattery User’s Reference Guide Deﬁned B-180 Index Index-206 Index-207 SmartIP Index-208 Index-209