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Netopia R910 manual User’s Reference Guide, IP address serving

Models: R910

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9-66 User’s Reference Guide

9-66 User’s Reference Guide

IP address serving

Main

Menu

System

Configuration

IP Address

Serving

•Serve DHCP Clients • Serve BootP Clients

•Serve Dynamic WAN Clients

In addition to being a router, the Netopia R910 is also an IP address server. There are three protocols it can use to distribute IP addresses.

■The ﬁrst, called Dynamic Host Conﬁguration Protocol (DHCP), is widely supported on PC networks, as well as Apple Macintosh computers using Open Transport and computers using the UNIX operating system. Addresses assigned via DHCP are “leased” or allocated for a short period of time; if a lease is not renewed, the address becomes available for use by another computer. DHCP also allows most of the IP parameters for a computer to be conﬁgured by the DHCP server, simplifying setup of each machine.

■The second, called BootP (also known as Bootstrap Protocol), is the predecessor to DHCP and allows older IP hosts to obtain most of the information that a DHCP client would obtain. However, in contrast, BootP address assignments are “permanent” since there is no lease renewal mechanism in BootP.

■The third protocol, called Dynamic WAN, is part of the PPP/MP suite of wide area protocols used for WAN connections. It allows remote terminal adapters and NAT-enabled routers to be assigned a temporary IP address for the duration of their connection.

Since no two hosts can use the same IP address at the same time, make sure that the addresses distributed by the Netopia R910 and those that are manually conﬁgured are not the same. Each method of distribution must have its own exclusive range of addresses to draw from.

Go to the System Conﬁguration screen. Select IP Address Serving and press Return. The IP Address Serving screen will appear.

IP Address Serving

Number of Client IP Addresses:	5
1st Client Address:	176.163.222.10
Client Default Gateway...	176.163.222.1
Serve DHCP Clients:	Yes
DHCP NetBios Options...
Serve BOOTP Clients:	Yes

Image 66

Netopia R910 User’s Reference Guide, IP address serving, Serve DHCP Clients Serve BootP Clients Serve Dynamic WAN Clients

Contents

Netopia R910 Ethernet Router for DSL and Cable Modems User’s Reference GuideCopyright Part NumberPrinted Copies How to use this guide ContentsFeatures and capabilities Chapter 2 - Setting Up Internet ServicesEasy Setup console screens Connecting a console cable to your routerChapter 7 - Easy Setup Accessing the Easy Setup console screensInstalling Dial-Up Networking DHCP NetBIOS OptionsVPN Default Answer Proﬁle Installing the VPN ClientChapter 12 - Monitoring Tools The SNMP Setup screenTelnet access 12-109Appendix A - Troubleshooting Chapter 14 - Utilities and DiagnosticsFactory defaults Conﬁguration problemsAppendix F - Technical Speciﬁcations and Safety Using address servingExported services Power requirementsChapter Introduction Features and capabilities“Features and capabilities” on page “How to use this guide” on page OverviewHow to use this guide 1-10 User’s Reference GuideDeciding on an ISP account Chapter Setting Up Internet ServicesSetting Up Internet Services DSL and cable modemsWith Network Address Translation Local LAN IP address information to obtain2-12 User’s Reference Guide Without Network Address TranslationFind a location “Identify the connectors and attach the cables” on pageChapter Making the Physical Connections Making the Physical ConnectionsIdentify the connectors and attach the cables What you need3-14 User’s Reference Guide Netopia R910 Ethernet Router back panel ports your router” on pageMaking the Physical Connections Netopia R910 Ethernet Router status lights 3-16 User’s Reference Guide8 9 10 12 13 14 15 16 “Connecting to an Ethernet network” on page Chapter Connecting to Your Local Area NetworkConnecting to Your Local Area Network Network ModelReadying computers on your local network 4-18 User’s Reference GuideAfter Connecting to Your Local Area Network Application software TCP/IP stack Ethernet/EtherTalk Driver Your PCConnecting to an Ethernet network 10Base-T4-20 User’s Reference Guide Connecting to Your Local Area Network The Netopia R910 in a 10Base-T networkThe Netopia R910 in a 10Base-T network with a hub 4-22 User’s Reference Guide Conﬁguring TCP/IP Chapter Configuring TCP/IPHardware and operating system requirements “Hardware and operating system requirements” on pageConﬁguring TCP/IP on Windows 95 or 5-24 User’s Reference GuideDynamic conﬁguration recommended Static conﬁguration optional Conﬁguring TCP/IPConﬁguring TCP/IP on a Macintosh Computer 5-26 User’s Reference GuideDynamic conﬁguration recommended Conﬁguring TCP/IP Static conﬁguration optional1. Go to the Apple menu. Select Dynamic conﬁguration using MacIP optional 5-28 User’s Reference GuideConﬁguring TCP/IP 5-30 User’s Reference Guide Chapter Console-Based Management “Connecting through a Telnet session” on page“Connecting a console cable to your router” on page Console-Based Management6-32 User’s Reference Guide Connecting through a Telnet sessionUpgrade feature set. See “Upgrade feature set” on page Filter sets ﬁrewalls. See “About ﬁlters and ﬁlter sets” on pageConnecting a console cable to your router Conﬁguring Telnet softwareConsole-Based Management Navigating through the console screens 6-34 User’s Reference GuideAccessing the Easy Setup console screens Chapter Easy SetupEasy Setup console screens Easy SetupSee Appendix A, “Troubleshooting,” for more suggestions 7-36 User’s Reference GuideIf your ISP doesn’t support DHCP Quick Easy Setup connection pathIf your ISP supports DHCP Easy SetupFor more Easy Setup options see “More Easy Setup options” on page 7-38 User’s Reference GuideMore Easy Setup options WAN Ethernet ConﬁgurationEasy Setup IP Easy Setup 7-40 User’s Reference GuideEasy Setup Security Conﬁguration Easy Setup7-42 User’s Reference Guide Easy Setup is now complete1. Select RESTART DEVICE. A prompt asks you to conﬁrm your choice WAN conﬁguration Chapter WAN and System Configuration“System conﬁguration features” on page WAN and System ConﬁgurationSystem conﬁguration screens 8-44 User’s Reference GuideNavigating through the system conﬁguration screens WAN and System ConﬁgurationSystem conﬁguration features 8-46 User’s Reference GuideIP address serving IP setupFilter sets ﬁrewalls Date and timeSNMP Simple Network Management Protocol Upgrade feature setConsole conﬁguration SecurityLogging WAN and System ConﬁgurationInstalling the Syslog client 8-50 User’s Reference GuideIP Setup and Network Address Translation Chapter IP Setup and Network Address TranslationNetwork Address Translation features “Network Address Translation features” on pageor corporate intranet router 9-52 User’s Reference GuideHOW NAT WORKS With NAT ISP 163.167.132.1 Without NAT 192.168.1.100 192.168.1.102 192.168.1.103 192.168.1.104 192.168.1.105Using Network Address Translation Note See “Associating port numbers with nodes” on pageIP Setup and Network Address Translation 9-54 User’s Reference Guide Associating port numbers with nodes Network Address Translation guidelineIP Setup and Network Address Translation 9-56 User’s Reference Guide IP setupIP Setup and Network Address Translation CANCEL 9-58 User’s Reference GuideSelect Add Export. The Add Exported Service screen appears Exports, Add Export, and Delete ExportIP Setup and Network Address Translation Select Service. A pop-up menu of services and ports appearsIP subnets 9-60 User’s Reference GuideIP Setup and Network Address Translation For exampleStatic routes 9-62 User’s Reference Guidepage Viewing static routes IP Setup and Network Address Translation9-64 User’s Reference Guide Adding a static routeDeleting a static route Rules of static route installationModifying a static route IP Setup and Network Address Translation9-66 User’s Reference Guide Serve DHCP Clients Serve BootP Clients Serve Dynamic WAN ClientsIP address serving IP Setup and Network Address Translation Follow these steps to conﬁgure IP Address ServingIP Address Pools 9-68 User’s Reference GuideIP Setup and Network Address Translation Numerous factors inﬂuence the choice of served address. It is difﬁcult to specify the address that will be served to a particular client in all circumstances. However, when the address server has been conﬁgured, and the clients involved have no prior address serving interactions, the Netopia R910 will generally serve the ﬁrst unused address from the ﬁrst address pool with an available address. The Netopia R910 starts from the pool on the ﬁrst row and continues to the pool on the last row of this screenDHCP NetBIOS Options 9-70 User’s Reference GuideIP Setup and Network Address Translation 9-72 User’s Reference Guide Select Release BootP Leases and press ReturnYou have ﬁnished your IP setup Chapter Virtual Private Networks VPN “VPN Default Answer Proﬁle” on page “VPN QuickView” on page“Installing the VPN Client” on page “About ATMP Tunnels” on page Virtual Private Networks VPN10-74 User’s Reference Guide Transi t In t ern etwor kSummary “About PPTP Tunnels” on page “About IPsec Tunnels” on page“About ATMP Tunnels” on page Virtual Private Networks VPNPPTP configuration About PPTP Tunnels10-76 User’s Reference Guide Note Proﬁles using PPTP do not offer a Telco Options screen Virtual Private Networks VPN10-78 User’s Reference Guide Encryption Support MS-CHAP V2 and strong encryptionVirtual Private Networks VPN Configuration About IPsec Tunnels10-80 User’s Reference Guide Virtual Private Networks VPN The Add Connection Proﬁle screen appears10-82 User’s Reference Guide IP Profile Parameters Virtual Private Networks VPNAdvanced IP Profile Options 10-84 User’s Reference GuideVPN Default Answer Profile Virtual Private Networks VPNInteroperation with other features VPN QuickView10-86 User’s Reference Guide Virtual Private Networks VPN Proﬁle Name Lists the name of the Connection Proﬁle being used, if anyInstalling Dial-Up Networking Dial-Up Networking for VPN10-88 User’s Reference Guide Creating a new Dial-Up Networking profile Virtual Private Networks VPNConfiguring a Dial-Up Networking profile 10-90 User’s Reference Guide4. Click the TCP/IP Settings button Virtual Private Networks VPNWindows 98 VPN installation Installing the VPN ClientWindows 95 VPN installation 10-92 User’s Reference GuideConnecting using Dial-Up Networking Virtual Private Networks VPNATMP configuration About ATMP Tunnels10-94 User’s Reference Guide Note Proﬁles using ATMP do not offer a Telco Options screen Virtual Private Networks VPN10-96 User’s Reference Guide Virtual Private Networks VPN Allowing VPNs through a Firewall 10-98 User’s Reference Guide“PPTP example” on page “ATMP example” on page PPTP example Virtual Private Networks VPNDisplay/Change Input Filter screen 10-100 User’s Reference Guide 0.0.0.0 Virtual Private Networks VPN0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0ATMP example 10-102 User’s Reference GuideVirtual Private Networks VPN 0.0.0.0 10-104 User’s Reference Guide0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0Chapter PPP over Ethernet PPP over Ethernet11-106 User’s Reference Guide The Netopia R910 offers the ability for PPP to reconﬁgure the router’s Ethernet LAN when establishing an unnumbered, non-NAT connection PPP Ethernet LAN ReconfigurationConfiguration PPP over EthernetQuick View 11-108 User’s Reference GuideMonitoring Tools Chapter Monitoring ToolsQuick View status overview “Quick View status overview” on page “Statistics & Logs” on pageGeneral status Status lights12-110 User’s Reference Guide Statistics & Logs General StatisticsMonitoring Tools Physical Interface Event histories12-112 User’s Reference Guide Network InterfaceWAN Event History Device Event HistoryMonitoring Tools Routing tables 12-114 User’s Reference GuideIP routing table Monitoring ToolsServed IP Addresses 12-116 User’s Reference GuideSystem Information Monitoring ToolsThe SNMP Setup screen SNMP12-118 User’s Reference Guide SNMP traps Community stringsMonitoring Tools Viewing IP trap receivers Setting the IP trap receivers12-120 User’s Reference Guide Modifying IP trap receiversDeleting IP trap receivers Monitoring Tools12-122 User’s Reference Guide Suggested security measures “Telnet access” on page “About ﬁlters and ﬁlter sets” on pageChapter Security User accounts13-124 User’s Reference Guide Protecting the Security Options screenProtecting the conﬁguration screens Telnet access SecurityHow ﬁlter sets work About ﬁlters and ﬁlter setsWhat’s a ﬁlter and what’s a ﬁlter set? 13-126 User’s Reference Guidepacket first filter match? Filter prioritySecurity send to next filter yes pass or discard? discard delete passA ﬁlter’s actions How individual ﬁlters work13-128 User’s Reference Guide A ﬁltering rulePort number comparisons Parts of a ﬁlterPort numbers Security13-130 User’s Reference Guide Other ﬁlter attributesPutting the parts together Filtering example #1 SecurityDesign guidelines 13-132 User’s Reference GuideFiltering example #2 Disadvantages of ﬁlters An approach to using ﬁltersWorking with IP ﬁlters and ﬁlter sets SecurityAdding a ﬁlter set 13-134 User’s Reference GuideNaming a new ﬁlter set Security13-136 User’s Reference Guide Input and output ﬁlters-source and destinationAdding ﬁlters to a ﬁlter set 1. To make the ﬁlter active in the ﬁlter set, select Enabled and toggle it to Yes. If Enabled is toggled to No, the ﬁlter can still exist in the ﬁlter set, but it will have no effect SecurityViewing ﬁlters Viewing ﬁlter sets13-138 User’s Reference Guide Modifying ﬁltersA sample IP ﬁlter set Modifying ﬁlter setsDeleting a ﬁlter set Security13-140 User’s Reference Guide Possible modiﬁcations Security13-142 User’s Reference Guide Basic protocol types Firewall tutorial General ﬁrewall termsBasic IP packet components SecurityExample TCP/UDP Ports Firewall design rules13-144 User’s Reference Guide Firewall LogicImplied rules Binary representationLogical AND function SecurityEstablished connections Filter basics13-146 User’s Reference Guide Example IP ﬁlter set screenNetopia Example ﬁltersIncoming Packet Filter Internet13-148 User’s Reference Guide ExampleExample Security ExampleExample 13-150 User’s Reference Guide RADIUS client configuration RADIUS Client SupportSecurity RADIUS then Local 13-152 User’s Reference GuideRADIUS Server Authentication Port Local then RADIUSbe unable to configure this device unless a Radius Server is SecurityAdvanced Security Options 13-154 User’s Reference Guide “Factory defaults” on page Chapter Utilities and DiagnosticsUtilities and Diagnostics “Ping” on page “Trace Route” on page “Telnet client” on pagePing 14-156 User’s Reference GuideUtilities and Diagnostics Trace Route 14-158 User’s Reference GuideTelnet client Utilities and DiagnosticsTransferring conﬁguration and ﬁrmware ﬁles with TFTP Factory defaultsDisconnect Telnet console session 14-160 User’s Reference GuideGET WAN MODULE FIRMWARE FROM SERVER Config File Name Updating ﬁrmwareUtilities and Diagnostics GET CONFIG FROM SERVER SEND CONFIG TO SERVERDownloading conﬁguration ﬁles 14-162 User’s Reference GuideUploading conﬁguration ﬁles Transferring conﬁguration and ﬁrmware ﬁles with XMODEMUtilities and Diagnostics 14-164 User’s Reference Guide Updating ﬁrmwareUtilities and Diagnostics Downloading conﬁguration ﬁlesUploading conﬁguration ﬁles Restarting the system 14-166 User’s Reference GuideTroubleshooting A-167 Appendix A TroubleshootingConﬁguration problems “Conﬁguration problems” on page A-167Problems communicating with remote IP hosts Console connection problemsNetwork problems Local routing problemsReset Switch Slot How to reset the router to factory defaultsPower outages Troubleshooting A-169A-170 User’s Reference Guide How to reach usTechnical support Before contacting NetopiaTroubleshooting A-171 Online product informationOnline Technical Support A-172 User’s Reference Guide Appendix B Understanding IP Addressing What is IP?“What is IP?” on page B-173 “About IP addressing” on page B-173 About IP addressingSubnets and subnet masks B-174 User’s Reference GuideExample Using subnets on a Class C IP internet Understanding IP Addressing B-175Subnet masks Customer Site A B-176 User’s Reference GuideNetwork conﬁguration ISP NetworkUnderstanding IP Addressing B-177 Example Working with a Class C subnetDistributing IP addresses BackgroundTechnical note on subnet masking B-178 User’s Reference GuideUnderstanding IP Addressing B-179 Netopia R910 DHCP server characteristicsConﬁguration DHCP address servingTips and rules for distributing IP addresses Using address servingManually distributing IP addresses B-180 User’s Reference GuideUnderstanding IP Addressing B-181 Nested IP subnets B-182 User’s Reference GuideA DHCP example Understanding IP Addressing B-183 InternetB-184 User’s Reference Guide Broadcasts Packet header typesUnderstanding IP Addressing B-185 B-186 User’s Reference Guide Background Appendix C Understanding Netopia NAT BehaviorNetwork conﬁguration ISP NetworkC-188 User’s Reference Guide Understanding Netopia NAT Behavior C-189 Workstation AC-190 User’s Reference Guide WorkstationsExported services Understanding Netopia NAT Behavior C-191Important notes C-192 User’s Reference GuideUnderstanding Netopia NAT Behavior C-193 ConﬁgurationSummary C-194 User’s Reference GuideAppendix D Binary Conversion Table Binary Conversion Table D-195Binary D-196 User’s Reference GuideDecimal DecimalAppendix E Further Reading Further Reading E-197E-198 User’s Reference Guide Further Reading E-199 E-200 User’s Reference Guide Technical Speciﬁcations and Safety Information F-201 Appendix F Technical Specifications and Safety InformationPower requirements DescriptionRegulatory notices F-202 User’s Reference GuideDeclaration for Canadian users Telecommunication installation cautions Important safety instructionsTechnical Speciﬁcations and Safety Information F-203 BatteryF-204 User’s Reference Guide Index NumericsIndex-205 Index-206 Index-207 13-131 Index-208Index-209