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Promise Technology EX4650A, EX8650A user manual RAID 60 Striping of Double Parity

Models: EX8650A EX4650A EX8650 EX4650

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Chapter 6: Technology Background

RAID 60 – Striping of Double Parity

RAID 60 combines both RAID 6 and RAID 0 features. Data is striped across disks as in RAID 0, and it uses double distributed parity as in RAID 6. RAID 60 provides data reliability, good overall performance and supports larger volume sizes.

Figure 8. RAID 60 is a combination of RAID 6 and RAID 0

Double Distributed Parity

Data

Stripes

Axle 1

Axle 2

Physical drives

The total capacity of a RAID 60 logical drive is the smallest physical drive times the number of physical drives, minus four.

RAID 60 also provides very high reliability because data is still available even if multiple physical drives fail (two in each axle). The greater the number of axles, the greater the number of physical drives that can fail without the RAID 60 logical drive going offline.

Component	Minimum	Maximum

Number of Axles	2	16

Physical Drives per Axle	4	16

Physical Drives per Logical Drive	8	256

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Promise Technology EX8650, EX4650A RAID 60 Striping of Double Parity, RAID 60 is a combination of RAID 6 and RAID

Contents

Supertrak Trademarks CopyrightImportant data protection information RecommendationsRadio Frequency Interference Statement Page Contents SuperBuild Utility Installing Drivers,SuperBuild Utility, Management with WebPAM PRO, Management with WebPAM PRO, Management with WebPAM PRO, Contents Technology Background, Appendix a Partition and Format Appendix B UpgradesSupport 209About This Manual IntroductionProduct Overview XOR MicroprocessorHot-Swapping WebPAM PRO Management Software Operating System SupportBrowser Support Advanced Hardware Design Features Benefits Key Features and BenefitsCompatibility Features Benefits Specifications Features BenefitsCompatibility Unpacking the SuperTrak InstallationInstalling the SuperTrak Card SuperTrak EX4650 card SuperTrak EX8650 card + R G + + - + SAS Connections and ID Numbers Scenario 1 Virtual Enclosure SgpioSuperTrak SAS Port Enclosure ID Range Drive ID Range Scenario 3 External Enclosures Daisy Chain Scenario 2 Virtual Enclosure Host PCScenario 4 External Enclosures Parallel Scenario 5 SAS ExpandersLevel Number of Drives Choosing the Physical DrivesCreating a Logical Drive Page Installation Page Installation Utility Server Installing WebPAM PROAgent Operating System SupportBrowser Support Internet BrowserIntroduction dialog box Installing WebPAM PRO onto a Windows PC or ServerLicense Agreement dialog box Setup Type dialog box Choose Destination Location dialog box SSL Security Options dialog box Ready to Install dialog box Install Complete dialog box Installing WebPAM PRO onto a Linux PC or Server License Agreement dialog box Choose Install Product dialog box Choose Install Folder dialog box WebPAM PRO Agent Configuration dialog box SSL Security Options dialog box WebPAM PRO Utility Server Configuration dialog box Register On-line dialog box Logging in at the Host PC Logging into WebPAM PROLogging in over the Network Regular ConnectionHttps//192.168.10.2288443/promise Login ScreenClick the Add Subsystem/Host tab Setting up WebPAM PROAdd Subsystem/Host tab Installing Drivers Driver Diskette for Windows USB Memory Stick for WindowsDriver Diskette for Linux Windows Vista New OS InstallationExisting System Confirming Driver InstallationWindows Server Existing System Windows XP Existing System Windows Existing System Type cd umount /mnt/floppy Red Hat Linux Enterprise 4.4SuSE Linux Enterprise SuperBuild Utility SuperTrak BiosSuperTrak Bios screen SuperTrak Bios screen, logical drive offline SuperBuild Main Menu Main MenuController Selection Controller Information Physical Drive Management Viewing Physical DrivesViewing Physical Drive Information Managing Physical Drive Problems Disk Array Management Viewing Disk ArraysViewing Disk Array Information Creating a Disk Array Changing Disk Array Settings Rebuilding a Disk ArrayDeleting a Disk Array Logical Drive Management Viewing Logical DrivesViewing Logical Drive Information Write Cache Policy Choose from Write Back or Write Through Creating a Logical DriveInitializing a Logical Drive Deleting a Logical Drive Changing Logical Drive SettingsIdentifying a Critical Logical Drive Managing Logical Drive ProblemsSpare Drive Available Rebuilding the Logical DriveNo Spare Drive Available Manual RebuildIdentifying an Offline Logical Drive Finding the Failed Physical DriveRAID 1, 5, 6, 10, 50 RAID Viewing Spare Drives Spare Drive ManagementViewing Spare Drive Information Creating a Spare DriveChanging Spare Drive Settings Deleting a Spare Drive Background Activity Event Log Viewing RAM EventsViewing Nvram Events Clearing the Event Logs Setting the Time Zone Time SyncSynchronizing Time with an Embedded Site SAS Ready LEDs MiscellaneousSgpio Backplane BuzzerEnabling or Disabling the Buzzer Page Management with WebPAM PRO Login Screen Management with WebPAM PRO WebPAM PRO interface Accessing the InterfaceUsing Tree View Using the HeaderWebPAM PRO Tree View Using Management ViewViewing the Event Frame Choosing a Display LanguageSaving the Event Frame Deleting the Event FrameViewing the Storage Network Storage Network appears in Tree View Logging out of WebPAM PROMaking User Settings Managing UsersViewing User Information Making Your Own User Settings Changing a User’s PasswordChanging Your Own Password Creating a User Deleting a UserList of User Privileges Management with WebPAM PRO Working with Subsystem/Host Management Viewing Subsystem/Host InformationAdding a Subsystem or Host Setting User Privilege Deleting a Subsystem or HostIn-Band versus Out-of-Band Page Managing Software Services Viewing Service StatusChanging Web Server Settings Restarting the Tomcat Server Setting up Email ServiceWindows LinuxSetting up Extended Smtp Setting Event Frame Refresh TimeSending a Test Email Message Changing CIM Server Settings Changing CIM Client SettingsManaging the Host Setting User RightsViewing Host Information Refreshing the WebPAM PRO ScreenManaging the Subsystem Viewing Subsystem InformationClearing Statistical Data Setting an Alias for the Subsystem Updating the FirmwareClick the Clear Statistics link Viewing the Runtime Event Log Checking Subsystem HealthSaving the Runtime Event Log Severity DefinitionsViewing the Nvram Event Log Clearing the Runtime Event LogSaving the Nvram Event Log Clearing the Nvram Event LogViewing Current Background Activities Making Background Activity Settings Running Background Activities Running Media PatrolRunning PDM Scheduling an Activity Viewing Scheduled Activities112 Deleting a Scheduled Activity Viewing System Configuration114 Managing the Controller Viewing Controllers InformationViewing Controller Information 116 Viewing Controller Statistics Making Controller SettingsClearing an Orphan Watermark Viewing Battery InformationMaking Buzzer Settings Testing the BuzzerSilencing the Buzzer Viewing Buzzer Information Viewing Enclosure Information Managing EnclosuresViewing a List of Physical Drives Managing Physical DrivesLocating a Physical Drive Virtual or Third Party EnclosuresMaking Global Physical Drive Settings Promise EnclosuresSata Drives SAS Drives Making Physical Drive Settings Adjustable ItemsViewing Physical Drive Statistics Clearing Stale and PFA Conditions Forcing a Physical Drive Offline or Online126 Locating a Disk Array Managing Disk Arrays128 Creating a Disk Array Automatic Configuration Creating a Disk Array Express Configuration 131 Creating a Disk Array Advanced Configuration Disk Array CreationLogical Drive Creation Summary Disk Array Operational Status Physical Drive Status Making Disk Array Settings136 137 Migrating a Disk Array Rebuilding Manually Rebuilding AutomaticallyRunning PDM on a Disk Array Running Media Patrol on a Disk ArrayPreparing a Disk Array for Transport Transitioning a Disk Array142 Managing Logical Drives Viewing Information for All Logical DrivesLogical Drive Status Logical Drive Synchronization Locating a Logical DriveViewing Logical Drive Statistics 146 Viewing the Logical Drive Check Table Running Redundancy Check148 Viewing a List of Spare Drives Managing Spare Drives150 Deleting Spare Drive Making Spare Drive SettingsRunning Spare Check Working with the Logical Drive Summary Viewing a List of All Logical DrivesViewing Individual Logical Drive Information 154 Introduction to RAID Technology BackgroundRAID 0 Striping interleaves data across multiple drives RAID 0 StripeRAID 1 Mirrors identical data to two drives RAID 1 MirrorEnhanced Data Mirrors Physical Drives RAID 1E Enhanced MirrorRAID 5 stripes all drives with data and parity information RAID 5 Block Striping with Distributed ParityRAID 6 stripes all drives with data and dual parity RAID 6 Block and Double Parity StripeData Stripe Mirror Physical Drives RAID 10 Mirror / StripeComponent Minimum Maximum RAID 50 Striped Distributed ParityRAID 50 Axles 3,3,3 RAID 60 is a combination of RAID 6 and RAID RAID 60 Striping of Double ParityRAID 60 Axles 5,5 10,10 4,4,4 167 Advantages Disadvantages Choosing a RAID LevelRAID 1E 170 High Read data transaction rate Choosing Sector Size Choosing Stripe Block SizeChoosing Cache Policy TB LimitationLogical Drive Size Sector Size Capacity Coercion Read Cache PolicyWrite Cache Policy Hot Spare Drives InitializationRAID Level Migration Partition and Format the Logical DriveTarget Requirements None Add physical drives maximum RAID 10 must have less than 16 physical drives Physical drives maximum PDM Ranges of Disk Array ExpansionCurrent LD Size Maximum LD Sector Size Expansion Size Delete and RecreateMedia Patrol Predictive Data Migration PDMPDM Triggers Drive Failure and Automatic Rebuild Transition186 Manual Transition Automatic Transition188 Critical & Offline Logical Drives When a Physical Drive Fails190 With a Hot Spare Drive Without a Hot Spare DriveRebuild Operation 192 Frequently Asked Questions Pre-Installation Speed, Device Types, Capacity, CablingHow can I change the resources that the SuperTrak uses? Drive Issues Can I use Atapi devices on the SuperTrak EX Series?Will Acpi work with HDDs on the SuperTrak EX Series? Support Installation Issues Capacity, Booting Post-InstallationWhy can’t I make a dedicated spare drive in WebPAM PRO? Why can’t I run WebPAM PRO in Konqueror? Technical Support ServicesContacting Technical Support United StatesNetherlands GermanyItaly Limited Warranty TaiwanChina Disclaimer of other warranties Your Responsibilities Returning the Product For RepairOr retailer Appendix a Partition and Format Click the Next button to start the Wizard Appendix a Partition and Format 206 Downloading Bios and Firmware File Updating SuperTrak Bios and FirmwareInstalling the WebPAM PRO Update File Downloading the WebPAM PRO Update FileUpdating WebPAM PRO Logging into WebPAM PROAppendix C Battery Backup Unit Installing the BBU SuperTrak EX Controller 212 Numerics Index214 146 Axles 66 Capacity 18, 65, 132 List 59 150 List 73 Logical drive 65, 67, 133