Telos ZephyrExpress CHOOSING THE CODING METHOD FOR YOUR APPLICATION

CODING 5-11

CHOOSING THE CODING METHOD FOR YOUR APPLICATION

This chart describes and compares some of the important characteristics of each

method. Because ZephyrExpress includes all three popular coding methods, it’s possible

to choose the most appropriate one for each application.

Audio Coding Comparison Chart

Layer 3 Layer 2 G.722

Algorithm Perceptual+Huffman Perceptual ADPCM

Audio Freq. Response/mono 7 kHz

24 kHz sample rate, 64 kbps line 15 kHz 8.6 kHz*

32 kHz sample rate, 56 kbps line 15 kHz 7.8 kHz*

48 kHz sample rate, 64 kbps line 20 kHz 9.8 kHz*

48 kHz s/r, 128 kbps line** 20 kHz

Audio Freq. Response/stereo 7 kHZ

at 32 kHz sample rate 15 kHz

at 48 kHz sample rate 20 kHz 20 kHz

Delay at HALF/24 kHz 45 ms

Delay at 32 kHz/mono 275 ms 45 ms-

Delay at 32 kHz/dual mono 275 ms 45 ms-

Delay at 48 kHz/mono 225 ms 160 ms 45 ms-

Delay at 48 kHz/dual mono 225 ms 160 ms 45 ms-

Delay at 48 kHz/mono-128 220 ms

Delay at 32 kHz/stereo/jstereo 390 ms 45 ms-

Delay at 48 kHz/stereo/jstereo 270 ms 220 ms 45 ms-

Joint Stereo MS Matrix Intensity Coding

ISO Target Bit Rate 64kbps/channel 128kbps/channel N/A

Coding Power as In/Out Ratio 12:1 6-8:1*** 4:1

Frequency Bands 576 32 2

Frequency Resolution (48 kHz) 42 Hz 750 Hz --

* Layer 2 was not designed for the low bitrates of a single ISDN channel,

so the response is deliberately limited in some Layer 2 conditions

to reduce unpleasant high-frequency artifacts.

** Requires two 64kbps ISDN channels.

*** 12:1 in Intensity Joint Stereo mode

-G.722 delay will vary. Spec is 35 ms +/- 10 msec for 45 ms maximum

Delay times may vary depending upon ISDN line delay and other factors.

Frequency response is given for swept sine test; response with program material

may vary owing to the dynamic nature of the coding process.

Contents

Main What youve got here: Customer Service Feedback Test Lines ZephyrExpress will dial a test line for you: e Repairs w e Table of Contents Section 1: Quick Results Section 2: What Youve Got Here... Section 3: ZephyrExpress Hardware Section 4: Audio Operations Page A Note From the President... Page Page xii Introduction Menu Structure Utility Menu SECTION 1: QUICK RESULTS Part I: Instant Gratification, or How to hear stereo music over a phone line 1-2 Part II: Fast Answers to Frequently-Asked Questions 1-15 c Part I: Instant Gratification, or How to hear stereo music over a phone line Gather information about your ISDN line Page Set up the hardware Page Configure ZephyrExpress for your ISDN line. u U T D Call yourself (testing your unit and the line) Configure the Codec u U Set up an audio input and output Place the call to yourself d Page Tune into one of our test lines U d i p Part II: Fast Answers to Frequently-Asked Questions The Basics T 1: What do I do if Im totally lost? l 2: How do I use the menus? u T right. Theres a complete map to the menus in the front of this manual. 3: How do I use a menu that appears locked? 4: How do I lock a specific menu? 5: How do I enter numbers or names? 6: How do I create my own Setups and Master Setups? You can capture a snapshot of all your current settings by using the ISDN connections 7: How do I connect ZephyrExpress to an ISDN circuit? 8: How do I manually enter a network setup? 9: How do I test that Ive set things up properly? p d Alternate test procedure 10: What do I do if I cant connect? Audio setup 11: How do I set ZephyrExpress for my microphones? 12: How do I use line-level sources? 13: How do I create a monitor mix? 14: How do I test my audio and compression setups? ISDN Connection 15: How do I place a call? d 16: What do I do if they cant hear me? 17: How do I send a test tone? 18: How do I hang up? p 19: Where do I find answers to other questions? Page Page ZEPHYREXPRESS HARDWARE 3-1 SECTION 3 ZEPHYREXPRESS HARDWARE About our hardware... 3-2 Front Panel 3-2 Rear Panel 3-10 About our hardware... Front Panel ZEPHYREXPRESS HARDWARE 3-3 The Mixer Section t MIXERS: Send Monitor 1 Monitor 2 Send Mixer Mic 1 and Mic 2 Routing Switches Line 1&2 Routing Switch Monitor Mixers Send Routing Switches Display section Send and Receive Meters Lock LEDs dp l T d p SAFE indicator LCD Display Control section U Edit knob T h DIAL button w ZEPHYREXPRESS HARDWARE 3-9 Numeric Keypad UTIL button u settings. This is fully discussed in Section 7. Rear Panel MODE switches SAFE MODE Software Options ISDN Connections Data connection section S Interface Pinouts i U Interface ZEPHYREXPRESS HARDWARE 3-13 U Interface Pinouts Line Direct LED Remote Control jacks RS-232 RS-232 Pinouts Parallel Port Parallel Port Inputs ZEPHYREXPRESS HARDWARE 3-15 Audio i/o section All XLR Pinouts ZephyrExpress Unbalanced Input5k, audio Microphone Inputs ZEPHYREXPRESS HARDWARE 3-17 Line Inputs 3-conductor input plug 2-conductor input plug Monitor 1 XLR outputs Direct ISDN Receive outputs Power connection ZEPHYREXPRESS HARDWARE 3-19 Power Input Power Supply Power Supply XLR Output w e Page SECTION 4 AUDIO OPERATIONS A console at your fingertips... Mix flexibility The Send Mixer ? Microphone Inputs XLR + Overload LED w Mic Routing Switches Line Inputs Routing Stereo (A B) / Mono (A+B) / off Line A XLR/TRS + Gain t SEND Meters CH A CH B SEND 4-8 AUDIO OPERATIONS The Monitor Mixers Send Routing Level Receive Routing Level Receive Meters Lock Indicators Mon 2 Headphone Jack MONITOR 2 Routing Level Send Routing Level About Monitor Panning Monitor 1 Receive Monitor 1 Send Adjusting individual monitor panning Receive Meters CH A CH B RECEIVE LOCK lights Analog (G.711) phone calls Analog call signal routing Receiving calls w Placing calls d Hanging up p Dealing with Delay Mix-Minus Phones and Remotes REMOTE SITE STUDIO Page SECTION 5 AUDIO CODING OVERVIEW Introduction to Audio Coding Basic Principles of Perceptual Coding Page ISO/MPEG LAYER 3 Layer 3 Features Psychoacoustic Masking Redundancy Reduction 32 bands 576 Bands Bit Reservoir Buffering Ancillary Data Layer 3 Joint Stereo ISO/MPEG LAYER 2 Layer 2 Joint Stereo Layer 2 Mono-128 G.722 CASCADING Mixed MPEG Layer 2 And Layer 3 Signal Chains CHOOSING THE CODING METHOD FOR YOUR APPLICATION Audio Coding Comparison Chart Delay vs. Quality Dual vs Stereo vs Joint Stereo in Layer 3 Dual Site Operation Layer 2: Mono64kpbs vs MONO128; Dual vs JSTEREO Sampling Rate Compatibility Between Telos Codecs With Non-Telos Equipment Page Page SECTION 6 MENU REFERENCE The Menu System 6-2 Using Setups 6-6 Menu Details 6-11 The Menu System A typical menu Navigation Shortcuts Getting HELP ? Menu Overview Utility Menu Using Setups Codec Setup Items Applying a Setup Creating or Changing a Setup You can use Master Setups described on page 7 to change multiple Setups simultaneously. Master Setups Master Setup Menus Applying a Master Setup w Creating or Changing a Master Setup Auto-creating a new Master Setup Manually creating a Master Setup Updating an existing Master Setup Deleting a Master Setup Autodial Setups Creating a new Autodial Editing or deleting an Autodial Menu Details Codec menu Page Normal operation is impossible unless Loop Mode is Off. When this mode is on, The level meters are disabled in Loop Mode: Far, and the middle LED of each is lit as a reminder. Audio menu Page ISDN menu Page System menu h Page Safe mode menu Page SECTION 7 ISDN ISDN BASICS 7-2 HOW TO ORDER ISDN 7-7 ISDN BASICS Background The Basic Rate Interface (BRI) SPIDS Get the SPIDs, Get the SPIDs, GET THE SPIDS! Directory Numbers (DNs) Long-Distance Digital Connectivity HOW TO ORDER ISDN Dealing with The Phone Company Details, Details t ZephyrExpress ISDN Compatibility Protocols Ordering: Central Office Switches and Protocols National ISDN-1 (USA and Canada) AT&T Point-to-Point (Custom) (USA, Japan, Israel, some others) AT&T Point-to-Multipoint (Custom) Northern Telecom DMS100 Functional (Custom, PVC1) (USA, Canada, some others) Euro-ISDN (Europe, Hong Kong, some others) Page SECTION 8 SYSTEM FUNCTIONS Introduction Software Updates New software and upgrade procedures will always be announced at our web site, www.zephyr.com. ZephyrExpress data ports The Serial Port RS-232 Pinouts Communicating c Security Levels t Command Help Command Language Details c Page Page Page The Parallel Port Parallel Port Page SECTION 9 TROUBLESHOOTING First Steps 9-2 GENERAL 9-3 ISDN Problems 9-13 First Steps GENERAL Thinking About Problem Solving Its never just The ISDN isnt working... but how isnt it working? Other Ideas Diagnostic Aids Look into the Lights p d LOOPBACK modes Page Page w Dont forget to set Codec: Loop mode back to Off before attempting normal operation. Some Error Conditions No functionality; the box is totally or partly dead. Condition: ISDN Connecting OK, But No Audio Condition: No Audio In Both Directions Condition: Audio In One Direction Only Condition: Audio Distorted Condition: Major Echo Action Error Messages ISDN Problems Condition: Cant Get ISDN Ready Ready Indication Page i Page Page Intermittent ISDN Problems ISDN Cause Phrases/Values Page Page Page Page Page Page Page SECTION 11 APPENDIX The Faxable ISDN Order Form (for use in US only) 11-15 ABOUT AUDIO LEVELS 11-2 CODEC COMPATIBILITY INFORMATION 11-3 FINDING PUBLIC ISDN SITES 11-7 ABOUT AUDIO LEVELS Nominal Levels Level, Gain, dBu and dBm CODEC COMPATIBILITY INFORMATION Page Comprehensive ZephyrExpress Compatibility List Page FINDING PUBLIC ISDN SITES Page List of Known Working SPIDs by Telephone Company Ameritech Bell Atlantic Bell South Cincinatti Bell ISDN BRI, ZEPHYR, AND YOU Ordering ISDN Dealing with the Phone Company Details, Details Page Page The Faxable ISDN Order Form (for use in US only) FAXABLE ISDN BRI LINE ORDER FORM PROTOCOL: National ISDN-1 PROTOCOL: AT&T Point-to-Point (Custom) PROTOCOL: AT&T Point-to-Multipoint (Custom) PROTOCOL: Northern Telecom DMS100 Functional (Custom, PVC1)