Primary System Components

Figure 15. Manifolded condenser- water pumps

Cooling

Towers

Manifolded

Pumps

Chillers

water entering and leaving the cooling tower is the range. The temperature difference between the leaving water temperature and the entering wet-bulb temperature is the approach.

Effect of load on cooling tower performance

As the building load—or heat rejection—decreases, range and approach also decrease. This means that when the building is at part load, the cooling tower can provide colder water at the same ambient wet-bulb temperature.

Effect of ambient conditions on cooling tower performance

As ambient wet-bulb temperature drops, the approach—at a constant load— increases. This is counter-intuitive to many, and it must be considered when cooling-tower-control strategies are developed. Detailed descriptions of these conditions appear in “Chiller–tower energy balance” on page 91. For additional information, refer to 2008 ASHRAE HVAC Systems and Equipment Handbook, chapter 39, “Cooling Towers.” 3

Condenser-water pumping arrangements

Water-cooled chillers require condenser-water-system variations to be considered. For a discussion of condenser-water temperatures and flow rates, refer to “System Design Options” on page 27. Since air-cooled-chiller condenser controls are part of the chiller design, they are not discussed in this manual.

Most important, the inlet to the pump must have sufficient net positive head. This often means locating the pump below the cooling-tower sump.

Single tower per chiller

In some applications each chiller has a dedicated cooling tower. This is most likely to occur when chillers, and their accompanying towers, are purchased at different times during the facility’s life—such as when additions are made.

Manifolded pumps

Amuch-used pumping arrangement has a single cooling-tower sump with manifolded pumps, one condenser water line, and separate, smaller, pipes for each chiller as shown in Figure 15. This provides a number of advantages:

•Pumping redundancy

•If cooling towers cells can be isolated, any cooling-tower cell can run with any chiller.

•Hydraulics are generally less problematic than on the chilled-water side.

•Cooling towers can be located remotely from chillers, with only a single supply and return pipe to connect them.

14

Chiller System Design and Control

SYS-APM001-EN

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Trane SYS-APM001-EN manual Condenser-water pumping arrangements, Effect of load on cooling tower performance
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SYS-APM001-EN specifications

The Trane SYS-APM001-EN is an advanced control system designed for HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) applications, specifically tailored to enhance energy efficiency and system performance. This comprehensive solution integrates cutting-edge technologies to optimize climate control in commercial and industrial environments.

One of the main features of the SYS-APM001-EN is its intuitive user interface. The system is equipped with a large, easy-to-read display that provides real-time data on system performance, energy usage, and environmental conditions. This user-friendly interface makes it simple for operators to monitor and adjust settings, ensuring optimal comfort levels and efficient energy consumption.

Another key characteristic of the SYS-APM001-EN is its advanced data analytics capabilities. The system collects and analyzes data from various sensors throughout the building, providing insights into occupancy patterns, equipment performance, and energy consumption trends. This data-driven approach allows facility managers to make informed decisions about system adjustments, predictive maintenance, and energy savings.

The SYS-APM001-EN also boasts robust integration capabilities. It can seamlessly connect with a variety of building management systems (BMS) and other third-party devices. This interoperability enables a cohesive operational ecosystem where HVAC systems can communicate and cooperate with lighting, security, and fire safety systems, enhancing overall building efficiency.

Energy efficiency is a hallmark of the SYS-APM001-EN, as it implements sophisticated algorithms to optimize system operation. These algorithms adjust equipment performance in real-time based on current conditions, thereby reducing energy waste and lowering operational costs. The system is designed to support multiple energy-saving strategies, including demand-controlled ventilation and optimal start/stop scheduling.

Additionally, the SYS-APM001-EN is built with scalability in mind, accommodating facilities of various sizes and configurations. Whether it’s a small office building or a large industrial complex, the system can be tailored to meet specific needs, ensuring that HVAC performance aligns with operational goals.

In conclusion, the Trane SYS-APM001-EN is an innovative HVAC control solution that emphasizes user experience, data-driven decision-making, and energy efficiency. With its advanced features and technologies, it is an essential tool for optimizing building performance and enhancing occupant comfort while reducing environmental impact.
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