Application Considerations

part of those jobs. See “Energy and economic analysis of alternatives” on page 26.

Number of chillers

The number of chillers to install is a function of redundancy requirements and first cost. In general, the more chillers installed, the higher the initial cost. Therefore, many small systems only use one chiller. Most chillers in the 20 through 200 ton range use multiple compressors with multiple refrigeration circuits and provide a reasonable level of cooling redundancy. The only system controls installed on a single chiller installation may be a clock and ambient lockout switch to enable and disable the chilled-water system. If only one chiller is used, a system that varies the flow rate through the chiller can be quite simple to operate. Minimum and maximum flows and maximum rate of change for the flow would still need to be addressed (see “Variable- Primary-Flow Systems” on page 55).

As systems get larger, the owner may require more redundancy, leading them to install multiple chillers. Some designers use 200 tons as the maximum job size for a single chiller.

When there is more than one chiller, there are many more system control decisions to be made including:

•enabling the second chiller,

•turning the second chiller off, and

•failure recovery.

Two-chiller plants require higher system control intelligence than single chiller plants. Sequencing logic, discussed in “System Configurations” on page 42, varies based on system configuration, and failure recovery is discussed on page 95.

Parallel or series

Parallel configurations are more common than series configurations. (See “Parallel Chillers” on page 42.) In chiller systems with an even number of chillers, there are advantages to putting them into a series configuration, especially if low or variable water flow is desired. This offers the benefits of better system efficiency and higher capacity because the upstream chiller produces water at a warmer temperature. Series chillers should not be applied with low system ΔTs, because the maximum flow through the chillers may be reached. Efforts to eliminate the so-called “Low ΔT syndrome” (page

79)must be addressed for both configurations. The energy and control

requirements of series chillers are covered in “Series Chillers” on page 44.

Part load system operation

For small chilled-water systems, especially those with only one chiller, part load system energy use may be dominated by ancillary equipment, especially in a constant flow system. At low loads, constant speed pumps and tower fans constitute a much larger portion of the chiller plant energy

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Chiller System Design and Control

SYS-APM001-EN

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Trane SYS-APM001-EN manual Application Considerations, Number of chillers, Parallel or series, Part load system operation
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SYS-APM001-EN specifications

The Trane SYS-APM001-EN is an advanced control system designed for HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) applications, specifically tailored to enhance energy efficiency and system performance. This comprehensive solution integrates cutting-edge technologies to optimize climate control in commercial and industrial environments.

One of the main features of the SYS-APM001-EN is its intuitive user interface. The system is equipped with a large, easy-to-read display that provides real-time data on system performance, energy usage, and environmental conditions. This user-friendly interface makes it simple for operators to monitor and adjust settings, ensuring optimal comfort levels and efficient energy consumption.

Another key characteristic of the SYS-APM001-EN is its advanced data analytics capabilities. The system collects and analyzes data from various sensors throughout the building, providing insights into occupancy patterns, equipment performance, and energy consumption trends. This data-driven approach allows facility managers to make informed decisions about system adjustments, predictive maintenance, and energy savings.

The SYS-APM001-EN also boasts robust integration capabilities. It can seamlessly connect with a variety of building management systems (BMS) and other third-party devices. This interoperability enables a cohesive operational ecosystem where HVAC systems can communicate and cooperate with lighting, security, and fire safety systems, enhancing overall building efficiency.

Energy efficiency is a hallmark of the SYS-APM001-EN, as it implements sophisticated algorithms to optimize system operation. These algorithms adjust equipment performance in real-time based on current conditions, thereby reducing energy waste and lowering operational costs. The system is designed to support multiple energy-saving strategies, including demand-controlled ventilation and optimal start/stop scheduling.

Additionally, the SYS-APM001-EN is built with scalability in mind, accommodating facilities of various sizes and configurations. Whether it’s a small office building or a large industrial complex, the system can be tailored to meet specific needs, ensuring that HVAC performance aligns with operational goals.

In conclusion, the Trane SYS-APM001-EN is an innovative HVAC control solution that emphasizes user experience, data-driven decision-making, and energy efficiency. With its advanced features and technologies, it is an essential tool for optimizing building performance and enhancing occupant comfort while reducing environmental impact.
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