xiv
Secondary IP .......................................................................................................... ..................................5-7
Interface & Secondary IP..................................................................................... ...............................5-7
ARP & Secondary IP .......................................................................................................................... 5-8
ICMP & Secondary IP.............................................................................................. ...........................5-8
Routing Table Manager & Secondary IP................ ............................................................................5-9
OSPF & Secondary IP......................................................... ...............................................................5-9
RIP & Secondary IP................................................................................ ............................................5-9
Unnumbered Interface & Secondary IP......................................... .....................................................5-9
NAT & Secondary IP .......................................................................................................................... 5-9
DHCP & Secondary IP ..................................................................................................... ..................5-9
VPN & Secondary IP .......................................................................................................................... 5-9
VRRP & Secondary IP................................................................................ ......................................5-10
PPPoE & Secondary IP................................................................................................................. ... 5-10
Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) ....................................................................................................... 5-10
Ping .............................................................................................................. ..........................................5-10
Traceroute .............................................................................................................. ................................5-10
IP Routing Protocols ........................................................................ .............................................................5-10
RIPv1 and v2 ............................................................................................................. .............................5-11
Triggered-on-Demand RIP .................................................................................. ...................................5-12
How Triggered-on-Demand RIP Works......................................... ................................................... 5-12
OSPF ........................................................................................................ ............................................. 5-14
LSA Type 3 and 5 Summarization.......................................................... ..........................................5-15
OSPF Database Overflow ................................................................................................................ 5-15
OSPF Passive Interfaces ................................................................................................................. 5-16
OSPF Troubleshooting ........................................................................................................ ...................5-17
Null Interface ...................................... .................................................................................................... 5-17
Route Preference ......................................... .......................................................................................... 5-17
Static Routes .......................................................................... ................................................................5-18
VLAN Routing ........................................................................................................................................ 5-18
Forwarding VLAN, PPPoE over VLAN .............................................................................................5-19
VLAN Processing Over the XSR’s Ethernet Interfaces .................................................................... 5-20
VLAN Processing: VLAN-enabled Ethernet to Standard LAN Interfaces .........................................5-20
VLAN Processing: VLAN-enabled Ethernet to WAN Interfaces ....................................................... 5-21
VLAN Processing: WAN Interface to a VLAN-enabled Ethernet Interface.............. ......................... 5-21
QoS with VLAN.................................................................................... .............................................5-22
Policy Based Routing ...................................... ....................................................................................... 5-22
Accessing the Global Routing Policy Table......................................... .............................................5-22
Match Clauses.................................................. ................................................................................ 5-23
Set Clauses ...................................................................................................................................... 5-23
PBR Cache....................................................... ................................................................................ 5-23
Default Network ...................................................................................................... ................................5-24
Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) ................................................................................................ 5-24
Router ID ...................................................................... .......................................................................... 5-24
Real Time Protocol (RTP) Header Compression ................................ ................................................... 5-25
Network Address Translation ................................................................................................................. 5-26
Features .............................................................................................................. .............................5-26
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol ...................................................................... ................................5-27
VRRP Definitions.................................................... .......................................................................... 5-28
How the VRRP Works ...................................................................................................................... 5-29
Different States of a VRRP Router............... .................................................................................... 5-29
VRRP Features ......................................... ............................................................................................. 5-30
Multiple Virtual IP Addresses per VR ............................................................................................... 5-30
Multiple VRs Per Router................... ................................................................................................ 5-30
Authentication............................................................ ....................................................................... 5-30