QMS QMS magicolor 2 DeskLaser, 1800486-001C manual 464

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Once the Internet address, subnet addresses, and subnet masks are in place, infor- mation can be sent, or routed, to any destination in the Internet. Both hosts and gate- ways participate in the routing process.

If information is sent between two devices on a single physical network, or subnet, no gateways are involved. The sending device encapsulates the datagram in a physical frame, binds the destination internet address to a physical hardware address, and sends the resulting frame directly to the destination.

If the information is sent between two devices on two different physical networks, how- ever, the internet gateways form a cooperative, interconnected structure. Datagrams pass from gateway to gateway until they reach a gateway that can deliver them directly to a device on that physical network.

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TCP/IP defines a means for the network administrator to configure the network that best suits the network environment at a site. One method is to define the 32-bit TCP/ IP network address in terms of the number of networks and the number of hosts at the site. The network address is partitioned into a network part and a host part.

There are 3 common partitions—Class A, Class B, and Class C. The classification is done by the highest order bits. For example, a 0 in the highest order bit of the 32-bit address indicates that the address is Class A. Thus, the next 7 bits constitute the net- work address, and the last 24 bits form the host address. The high order bits also con- stitute the network mask for the Class A address.

The following table identifies the differences between Class A, B, and C addresses.

Class	Uses	Highest	Network	Host	Network Mask
		Order Bits	Address	AddressSiz	(Hex)
		(Binary)	Size	e
A	Sites with few	0	7 bits	24 bits	0xFF000000
	networks and many
	hosts

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