10.3.6 802.3 / 802.11 Frame Conversion | Intel IXP400 specification

Intel® IXP400 Software

Access-Layer Components: Ethernet Database (IxEthDB) API

At initialization, a default traffic class mapping is provided, as shown Table 29. These values apply to NPE images that include four default traffic classes. When using NPE images that provide a larger number of priority queues, the values may differ.

Table 29. Default Priority to Traffic Class Mapping

VLAN TCI Priority Field	Internal Traffic Class

0	1

1	0

2	0

3	1

4	2

5	2

6	3

7	3

Some NPE images will not provide the four IxQMgr queues that would allow the priority to traffic class mapping mentioned above. A header file is provided (/src/include/IxEthDBQoS.h) that defines the number of queues available for QoS processing in various NPE images, and provides the traffic class mapping default values.

10.3.6802.3 / 802.11 Frame Conversion

The NPEs are capable of converting between IEEE 802.3 Ethernet and IEEE 802.11 wireless frame formats. IxEthDB provides support for configuring these NPE capabilities. Specific NPE microcode images are required to enable 802.3/802.11 conversion, and this feature is mutually exclusive with the MAC Address Filtering feature. Each NPE supporting this feature can have a unique 802.3 / 802.11 conversion configuration.

10.3.6.1Background — 802.3 and 802.11 Frame Formats

The 802.3 frame format is shown in Figure 56 and Figure 57. The 802.11 frame format is shown in Table 30.

Table 30. IEEE802.11 Frame Format

0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29

																														Frame Body
FC		DID			Address1						Address2						Address3					SC			Address4					(0–2312	FCS
																														bytes)

April 2005	IXP400 Software Version 2.0	Programmer’s Guide
172	Document Number: 252539, Revision: 007

Image 172

Intel IXP400 10.3.6 802.3 / 802.11 Frame Conversion, Background 802.3 and 802.11 Frame Formats, IEEE802.11 Frame Format

Contents

Intel IXP400 Software Programmer’s Guide Intel IXP400 Software IXP400 Software Version Contents 1.1 100 118 152 Contents Access-Layer Components 225 17.9 Operating System Adsl Driver Figures 102 Tables AQM 300 Revision History Date Revision Description Introduction1 Versions Supported by this DocumentHardware Supported by this Release Intended Audience About the Processors How to Use this DocumentChapters Description Related Documents Document Title Document # Document Title Document # AcronymsAcronym Description CPU HSS MSB SIP Software Architecture Overview High-Level Overview Deliverable Model Software Architecture Overview Operating System Support Access Library Source Code DocumentationDevelopment Tools Release Directory Structure Ixposal Include Src Ixp400xscalesw \---include +---npeMh Polled and Interrupt Operation Threading and Locking PolicyStatistics and MIBs Global Dependency Chart Global Dependencies This page is intentionally left blank What’s New Buffer ManagementOverview Buffer Management Intel IXP400 Software Buffer Flow Ixpbuf User Interface Raw Buffers Ixpbuf Structure Ixpbuf Structure and Macros Osal Ixpbuf structure and macros API User Interface to Ixpbuf Pool Management Fields Ixmbuf OS-Dependent Buffer Format Ixpbuf ixctrl Structure Ixne IXP400 NPE Shared Structure Mapping of Ixmbuf to Shared Structure Ixpbuf NPE Shared Structure Ixmbuf Structure Internal Ixmbuf Field Format Sheet 1Ixnext Ixosalmbufnextbufferinpktptr Ixreserved Internal Ixmbuf Field Format Sheet 2 Field / Macro Purpose Used by Access-Layer?Ixmbuf Field Details Sheet 1 VxWorks* Mblk Buffer Mapping to OS Native Buffer TypesIxmbuf Field Details Sheet 2 Linux* skbuff Buffer Ixmbuf to Mblk Mapping Following fields will get updated in the skbuffer Buffer Translation Functions Caching Strategy Tx Path Caching Strategy Summary Rx PathBuffer Management Tx Cache Flushing Example Intel IXP400 Software This page is intentionally left blank Access-Layer Components ATM Driver Access IxAtmdAcc API IxAtmdAcc Component Features Access-Layer Components ATM Driver Access IxAtmdAcc API Utopia Port-Configuration Service Configuration ServicesATM Traffic-Shaping Services VC-Configuration Services Transmission Services Scheduled Transmission Buffer Transmission for a Scheduled Port Schedule Table Description Transmission Triggers Tx-Low Notification Transmit-Done Processing Tx Done Recycling Using a Threshold Level Transmit Done Based on a Threshold Level Tx Done Recycling Using a Polling Mechanism Transmit Disconnect Receive Services Tx Disconnect Receive Processing Receive Triggers Rx-Free-Low NotificationReceive Based on a Threshold Level Rx Using a Threshold Level RX Using a Polling Mechanism Receive Disconnect Buffer Management Buffer ContentsBuffer Allocation Ixpbuf Fields Required for Transmission Ixpbuf Fields of Available Buffers for ReceptionIxpbuf Fields Modified During Reception Sheet 1 Field Description Error Handling API-Usage ErrorsBuffer-Size Constraints Buffer-Chaining Constraints Real-Time Errors Real-Time ErrorsCause Consequences and Side Effects Corrective Action IxAtmm Component Features Access-Layer Components ATM Manager IxAtmm APIIxAtmm Overview Access-Layer Components ATM Manager IxAtmm API Utopia Level-2 Port Initialization ATM-Port Management Service Model Services Provided by Ixatmm Tx/Rx Control Configuration Configuration of Traffic Control Mechanism Error Handling DependenciesManagement Interfaces Memory Requirements Performance Access-Layer Components ATM Transmit Scheduler IxAtmSch IxAtmSch Component Features Supported Traffic Types Access-Layer Components ATM Transmit Scheduler IxAtmSch APITraffic Type Supported Num VCs Connection Admission Control CAC Function Scheduling and Traffic Shaping Schedule Table Minimum Cells Value minCellsToSchedule Schedule Service ModelMaximum Cells Value maxCells Timing and Idle Cells Code Size Data MemoryIxAtmSch Data Memory Usage Per VC Data Per Port Data Total Latency Access-Layer Components Security IxCryptoAcc API IxCryptoAcc API Architecture Access-Layer Components Security IxCryptoAcc APIIxCryptoAcc Interfaces Basic API Flow Context Registration and the Cryptographic Context Database Basic IxCryptoAcc API Flow Intel IXP400 Software IxCryptoAcc API Call Process Flow for CCD Updates Buffer and Queue Management Memory RequirementsIxCryptoAcc Data Memory Usage Sheet 1 Structure Size in Bytes Total Size in Bytes Dependencies IxCryptoAcc Data Memory Usage Sheet 2 Other API Functionality IxCryptoAccHashKeyGenerate IPSec Services EndiannessImport and Export of Cryptographic Technology IPSec Background and Implementation IxCryptoAcc, NPE and IPSec Stack Scope IPSec Packet Formats Relationship Between IPSec Protocol and Algorithms Authentication Header Reference ESP Dataflow Reference AH Dataflow ESP Data Flow Hardware Acceleration for IPSec Services IPSec API Call Flow IPSec API Call Flow Special API Use Cases Hmac with Key Size Greater Than 64 Bytes CCM Operation Flow AES CBC Encryption For MIC IPSec Assumptions, Dependencies, and Limitations WEP ServicesWEP Background and Implementation Hardware Acceleration for WEP Services WEP Frame with Request Parameters WEP API Call Flow IxCryptoAccNpeWepPerformIxCryptoAccXscaleWepPerform NPE Microcode Images WEP Perform API Call Flow Authentication Combined Mode OperationsSSL and TLS Protocol Usage Models Encryption/Decryption Supported Encryption and Authentication Algorithms Encryption AlgorithmsSupported Encryption Algorithms Cipher Key Sizes Parity Bit Actual Key Size Counter Mode CTR Cipher ModesElectronic Code Book ECB Cipher Block Chaining CBC Supported Authentication Algorithms Authentication AlgorithmsAuthentication Algorithm Data Block Size Bits Key Size Bits 114 Document Number 252539, Revision Features Access-Layer Components DMA Access Driver IxDmaAcc APIAssumptions DMA Access-Layer API Access-Layer Components DMA Access Driver IxDmaAcc API IxDmaAcc Component Overview Parameters Description IxDmaAccDescriptorManager Transfer Mode Source AddressDestination Address Transfer Width Addressing Modes Transfer Length Supported Modes Transfer ModeIncrement 122 Document Number 252539, Revision Data Flow Control Flow DMA Initialization IxDmaAcc Control Flow DMA Configuration and Data Transfer IxDMAcc Initialization DMA Transfer Operation Restrictions of the DMA Transfer Little Endian Access-Layer Components Ethernet Access IxEthAcc API IxEthAcc Overview Access-Layer Components Ethernet Access IxEthAcc API Ethernet Access Layers Architectural OverviewRole of the Ethernet NPE Microcode Queue Manager 4 MAC/PHY ConfigurationLearning/Filtering Database Ethernet Access Layers Component Features Ethernet Access Layers Block Diagram Data Plane Ethernet Frame Transmission Port InitializationTransmission Flow Transmit Buffer Management and Priority Ethernet Transmit Frame Data Buffer Flow TxEnetDone Ethernet Frame Reception Using Chained IXOSALMBUFs for Transmission / Buffer SizingTx Fifo Priority Receive Flow Ethernet Receive Frame API Overview Buffer Sizing Receive Buffer Management and PrioritySupplying Buffers Programmer’s Guide Codelet or client application Freeing Buffers Rx Fifo Priority QoS ModeRecycling Buffers Additional Receive Path Information No Receive Polling Data-Plane Endianness Control PathMaximum Ethernet Frame Size IxEthAcc and Secondary Components MAC Duplex Settings Ethernet MAC ControlMII I/O Frame Check Sequence Promiscuous Mode Non-Promiscuous ModeMAC Filtering 1.6 802.3x Flow Control Initialization Shared Data StructuresNPE Loopback Emergency Security Port Shutdown Ixosalmbuf Structure Format Ixpneflags Field Format Queue Field Description Eth 150 Document Number 252539, Revision Ixosalmbuf Port ID Field Format Management Information Ixosalmbuf Port ID Field ValuesIxpneflags.linkprot Field Values Field Bit Values Managed Objects for Ethernet Receive Object Increment Criteria Managed Objects for Ethernet Transmit Access-Layer Components Ethernet Database IxEthDB API IxEthDB Functional Behavior MAC Address Learning and Filtering Access-Layer Components Ethernet Database IxEthDB APILearning and Filtering Node Other MAC Learning/Filtering Usage Models Learning/Filtering General CharacteristicsPort Definitions Provisioning Static and Dynamic Entries Port Dependency MapAging Frame Size Filtering Database MaintenanceRecord Management Filtering Example Based Upon Maximum Frame Size Source MAC Address FirewallMAC Address Block/Admission 10.3.4 802.1Q Vlan Invalid MAC Address Filtering Untagged MAC Frame Format Background Vlan Data in Ethernet FramesVlan Tagged MAC Frame Format Acceptable Frame Type Filtering Database Records Associated With Vlan IDsVlan Tag Format Ingress Tagging and Tag Removal Port-Based Vlan Membership Filtering Port and VLAN-Based Egress Tagging and Tag Removal Special Conditions Tag Mode Frame Status Action Egress Vlan Tagging/Untagging Behavior Matrix Port ID Extraction 10.3.5 802.1Q User Priority / QoS SupportPriority Aware Transmission Receive Priority Queuing QoS on Receive for 802.1Q Tagged Frames Priority to Traffic Class Mapping QoS on Receive for Untagged Frames Default Priority to Traffic Class Mapping 10.3.6 802.3 / 802.11 Frame ConversionBackground 802.3 and 802.11 Frame Formats IEEE802.11 Frame Format IEEE802.11 Frame Control FC Field Format AP-STA and AP-AP Modes How the 802.3 / 802.11 Frame Conversion Feature Works Receive Path To 802.11 Header Conversion Rules Field AP to STA mode AP to AP modeTransmit Path 10.3.6.3 802.3 / 802.11 API Details 11 to 802.3 Header Conversion RulesInput 802.11 Frame Values Output 802.3 Frame Field Values Frame Type IxEthDB API Spanning Tree Protocol Port SettingsInitialization Feature Set Additional Database FeaturesIxEthDB Feature Set User-Defined Field Dependencies on IxEthAcc Configuration Database ClearPromiscuous-Mode Requirement FCS Appending 180 Document Number 252539, Revision Access-Layer Components Ethernet PHY IxEthMii API Supported PHYs Access-Layer Components Ethernet PHY IxEthMii API PHYs Supported by IxEthMii Access-Layer Components Feature Control IxFeatureCtrl API Hardware Feature Control Using the Product ID-Related Functions Access-Layer Components Feature Control IxFeatureCtrl APIProduct ID Values Bits Description Using the Feature Control Register Functions Feature Control Register Values Sheet 1 Feature Control Register Values Sheet 2 Software ConfigurationComponent Check by Other APIs Document Number 252539, Revision 187 188 Document Number 252539, Revision Access-Layer Components HSS-Access IxHssAcc API IxHssAcc API Overview Access-Layer Components HSS-Access IxHssAcc API FeaturesIxHssAcc Interfaces Access-Layer Components HSS-Access IxHssAcc API HSS and Hdlc Theory and Coprocessor Operation Intel X S cale C ore HSS Tx Clock Output frequencies and PPM Error HSS Output Clock Jitter and Error CharacterizationHSS Tx Freq Pj Max ns Cj Max ns Aj Max ns Jitter Definitions HSS Frame Output CharacterizationJitter Type Jitter Definition Actual Frame Length µs High-Level API Call Flow Key Assumptions IxHssAcc Component Dependencies HSS Port Initialization Details IxHssAccPortInit 198 Document Number 252539, Revision HSS Channelized Operation Channelized Connect and EnableIxHssAccChanConnect 200 Document Number 252539, Revision Channelized Tx/Rx Methods Channelized Connect CallBack Polled Channelized Transmit and Receive Packetized Connect and Enable HSS Packetized OperationChannelized Disconnect IxHssAccPktPortConnect Document Number 252539, Revision 205 Packetized Tx Packetized Connect Document Number 252539, Revision 207 Packetized Rx Packetized Transmit Document Number 252539, Revision 209 Packetized Receive 13.6.5 56-Kbps, Packetized Raw Mode Data Flow in Packetized ServiceBuffer Allocation Data-Flow Overview Packetized Disconnect 212 Document Number 252539, Revision HSS Packetized Receive Buffering Data Flow in Channelized Service HSS Packetized Transmit Buffering Document Number 252539, Revision 215 HSS Channelized Receive Operation HSS Channelized Transmit Operation 218 Document Number 252539, Revision Microcode Images Access-Layer Components NPE-Downloader IxNpeDl APILoading NPE Microcode from a File Versus Loaded from Memory Access-Layer Components NPE-Downloader IxNpeDl API Standard Usage ExampleNPE Microcode Library Customization NPE Image Compatibility NPE-A Images Image Name Description NPE-B Images NPE-C Images Sheet 1 IxNpeDl Uninitialization Custom Usage ExampleNPE-C Images Sheet 2 Deprecated APIs Access-Layer Components NPE Message Handler IxNpeMh API Access-Layer Components NPE Message Handler IxNpeMh API Initializing the IxNpeMhInterrupt-Driven Operation Polled Operation Uninitializing IxNpeMh Sending an NPE Message Sending an NPE Message with Response ClientCustomer / Demo Code IxNpeMh IxNpeMh Receiving Unsolicited Messages from NPE to Software Client Client Customer / Demo Code IxNpeMh Component Dependencies 232 Document Number 252539, Revision Introduction Access-Layer Components Parity Error Notifier IxParityENAccBackground Network Processing Engines Scrubbing/Memory Scrub Switching Coprocessor in NPE B Swcp AHB Queue Manager AQMDDR Sdram Memory Controller Unit MCU Expansion Bus Controller Parity Error Interrupts Interrupt Bit Default Priority SoftwareInterrupt Prioritization Secondary Effects of Parity Interrupts Feature Hardware Component Software Support Recoverable FeaturesIxParityENAcc API Details IxParityENAcc Dependency Diagram IxParityENAcc API Usage Scenarios Summary Parity Error Notification Scenario Parity Error Notification Sequence Parity Error Interrupt Deassertion Conditions Sheet 1 Interrupt Bit Source API Invoked by Summary Parity Error Recovery Scenario Parity Error Interrupt Deassertion Conditions Sheet 2 Summary Parity Error Prevention Scenario Parity Error Notification Detailed Scenarios Data Abort with No Parity Error Data Abort followed by Unrelated Parity Error Notification Data Abort Caused by Parity Error Data Abort with both Related and Unrelated Parity Errors Access-Layer Components Performance Profiling IxPerfProfAcc Intel XScale Core PMU Internal Bus PMU Counter Buffer Overflow Idle-Cycle Counter Utilities ‘Xcycle’ Interrupt Handling IxPerfProfAcc Dependencies Using the API Threading API Usage for Intel XScale Core PMU Event and Clock Counting 254 Document Number 252539, Revision Time-Based Sampling Display Performance Counters Display Clock Counter Event-Based Sampling Iii. Print out the first five elements 258 Document Number 252539, Revision C0112788 No lower symbol found. Module kernel Using Intel XScale Core PMU to Determine Cache Efficiency Internal Bus PMU IxPerfProfAccBusPmuStart Xcycle Idlecycle Counter Perform the same calculation for the rest of the PECs Display Xcycle Measurement Access-Layer Components Queue Manager IxQMgr API Features and Hardware Interface Access-Layer Components Queue Manager IxQMgr API Document Number 252539, Revision 267 Configuration Values AQM Configuration AttributesDispatcher Attribute Description Values Dispatcher Modes 270 Document Number 252539, Revision AQM Livelock Prevention Dispatcher in Context of a Polling Mechanism Document Number 252539, Revision 273 274 Document Number 252539, Revision Access-Layer Components Synchronous Serial Port IxSspAcc IxSspAcc API Details IxSspAcc Dependencies IxSspAcc API Usage Models Interrupt ModeInitialization and General Data Model 278 Document Number 252539, Revision Interrupt Scenario Polling Mode Init Transmit Receive 282 Document Number 252539, Revision Access-Layer Components Time Sync IxTimeSyncAcc API Ieee 1588 PTP Protocol Overview Access-Layer Components Time Sync IxTimeSyncAcc APISynchronization Sequence Ieee 1588 Hardware Assist Block Overview Block Diagram of Intel IXP46X Network Processor Detailed Information Hardware Feature Options Default State IPv6 and VLAN-Tagged Ethernet Frames IxTimeSyncAcc API Details IxTimeSyncAccIeee 1588 PTP Client Application Additional Hardware Information Document Number 252539, Revision 289 IxTimeSyncAcc API Usage Scenarios Interrupt Mode OperationsPolling for Transmit and Receive Timestamps Polled Mode Operations Interrupt Servicing of Target Time Reached Condition Polling for Auxiliary Snapshot Values Access-Layer Components UART-Access IxUARTAcc API Interface Description Access-Layer Components UART-Access IxUARTAcc API Fifo Versus Polled ModeUart / OS Dependencies Uart Services Models 296 Document Number 252539, Revision Access-Layer Components USB Access ixUSB API USB Controller Background Access-Layer Components USB Access ixUSB API IN, OUT, and Setup Token Packet FormatPacket Formats SOF Token Packet Format Transaction Formats Data Packet FormatHandshake Packet Format Bits 023 Bytes Bulk Transaction Formats Isochronous Transaction FormatsAction Token Packet Data Packet Handshake Packet Action Token Packet Data Packet Control Write Setup Control Transaction Formats, Set-Up StageControl Transaction Formats Interrupt Transaction Formats API interfaces Available for Access Layer IxUSB Setup RequestsIxUSB API Interfaces Host-Device Request Summary Sheet 1 Request Name Configuration Host-Device Request Summary Sheet 2 IxUSB Send and Receive Requests IxUSB Endpoint Stall FeatureFrame Synchronization IxUSB Error Handling Stall on OUT Transactions Detailed Error Codes Error due to unknown reasons USB Data Flow USB Dependencies ATM Codelet IxAtmCodelet CodeletsCodelets Crypto Access Codelet IxCryptoAccCodelet DMA Access Codelet IxDmaAccCodeletEthernet Access Codelet IxEthAccCodelet Ethernet AAL-5 Codelet IxEthAal5App HSS Access Codelet IxHssAccCodelet Parity Error Notifier Codelet IxParityENAccCodelet Time Sync Codelet IxTimeSyncAccCodelet Performance Profiling Codelet IxPerfProfAccCodeletUSB Rndis Codelet IxUSBRNDIS Operating System Abstraction Layer Osal Operating System Abstraction Layer Osal Osal Architecture OS-Independent Core Module OS-Dependent ModuleCore Module Buffer Management Module Backward Compatibility Module Osal Library StructureBuffer Translation Module Document Number 252539, Revision 317 C lu d e Osal Modules and Related Interfaces Core Module IPC Osal Core Interface Sheet 1 Thread Osal Core Interface Sheet 2 24.6.3 I/O Memory and Endianness Support Module Buffer Management ModuleOsal Buffer Management Interface Ixosalmmapvirttophys Osal I/O Memory and Endianness Interface Sheet 1 Supporting a New OS Osal I/O Memory and Endianness Interface Sheet 2 Supporting New Platforms Example 1. Global Memory Map Definitions Ixstaticmap Device Support Adsl DriverAdsl Driver Overview Adsl API Adsl Line Open/Close Overview Example of Adsl Line Open Call Sequence Limitations and Constraints 2C Driver IxI2cDrv 26.3 I2C Driver API Details I2C Driver IxI2cDrv Arbitration Loss Error 2C Driver IxI2cDrv Bus Error Master-Interrupt Mode26.4 I2C Driver API Usage Models Initialization Slave-Polling Mode I2C Driver IxI2cDrv Slave-Interrupt ModeSupport Functions Example Sequence Flows for Slave Mode Sequence Flow Diagram for Slave Transmit in Interrupt Mode Sequence Flow Diagram for Slave Receive in Polling Mode 26.4.3 I2C Using Gpio Versus Dedicated I2C Hardware Sequence Flow Diagram for Slave Transmit in Polling Mode 340 Document Number 252539, Revision Basics of Endianness Endianness in Intel IXP400 SoftwareEndianness in Intel IXP400 Software Endianness When Memory is Shared Nature of Endianness Hardware or Software? Coding Pitfalls Little-Endian/Big-Endian Software Considerations and ImplicationsCasting a Pointer Between Types of Different Sizes Network Stacks and Protocols Here is what the macro ntohl looks like in actual code Best Practices in Coding of Endian-Independence Macro Examples Endian ConversionMacro Source Code Avoid 346 Document Number 252539, Revision April Document Number 252539, Revision 347 Supporting Little-Endian Mode Reasons for Choosing a Particular LE Coherency Mode Hardware Switches Silicon Endianness Controls Intel XScale Core Endianness Mode MMU Little-Endian Data Coherence Enable/Disable MMU P-Attribute BitByteswapen Bit Forcebyteswap Bit Silicon Versions PCI Bus SwapSummary of Silicon Controls Endian Hardware Summary IXP46X network processors A-0 stepping Part Number Brief Description APB Peripherals April 2005 NPE Downloader IxNpeDl Ethernet Access Component IxEthAccNPE Message Handler IxNpeMh Data Plane Ixosalmbuf Data Payload One Half-Word-Aligned Ethernet Frame LE Address Coherent Intel XScale Core Read of IP Header LE Data Coherent Learning Database Function Ethernet Access MIB StatisticsIntel IXP400 Software IxEthAcc and IxEthDB Summary Intel IXP400 Software OS Abstraction 27.5.4 PCIATM and HSS VxWorks* Considerations Intel IXP400 Software MacrosEndian Conversion Macros #defines VxWorks* Data Coherent Swap Code Intel IXP400 Software Versions Software VersionsIntel IXP400 Software Version Little-Endian Support Yes/No