Enabling Snmp reporting, Configuring snmpd | Apple 10.6 instruction

SNMPv2 is the default access protocol and the default read-only community string is “public.”

Enabling SNMP reporting

SNMP access isn’t enabled by default on Mac OS X Server. To use SNMP tools to poll your Mac OS X Server for data, you must configure and then enable the service.

To enable SNMP

1Open Server Admin.

2Select a server, click the Settings button in the toolbar, and then click the General tab.

3Select Network Management Server (SNMP).

4Click Save.

When SNMP is active, anyone with a route to the SNMP host can collect SNMP data from it.

5Configure the basic SNMP parameters from the command line.

The SNMP process will not start until /etc/snmpd.conf is configured for the current site. To configure, see “Configuring snmpd” on page 181.

Note: The default configuration of snmpd uses privileged port 161. For this reason and others, it must be executed by root or using setuid. Only use setuid as root if you understand the ramifications. If you do not, seek assistance or additional information.

Flags available for snmpd will change the uid and gid of the process after it starts. For more information, see the snmpd man page.

Configuring snmpd

The configuration (.conf) file for snmpd is typically at /etc/snmpd.conf. If you have an environment variable SNMPCONF, snmpd will read any files named snmpd.conf and snmpd.local.conf in these directories. The snmpd process can be started with a -c flag to indicate other conf files. For more information about which conf files can be used, see the snmpd man page.

Configuration files can be created and installed more elegantly using the included script /usr/bin/snmpconf. As root, use this script with the -i flag to install the file at /usr/share/snmp/. Otherwise, the default location for the file to be written is the user’s home folder (~/). Only root has write permission for /usr/share/snmp/.

Because snmpd reads its configuration files at startup, changes to configuration files require that the process be stopped and restarted. You can stop snmpd with ProcessViewer or at the command line (kill -HUP <pid>).

Chapter 8    Monitoring Your System

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Apple 10.6 manual Enabling Snmp reporting, Configuring snmpd, To enable Snmp

Contents

Mac OS X Server 019-1410/2009-08-15 Contents Enhancing Security Administration Tools Installation and Deployment Initial Server Setup Ongoing System Management Monitoring Your System Index Push Notification Server Contents What’s in This Guide About This Guide To see the most recent server help topics Using Onscreen Help Getting Started Document Road Map Preface About This Guide Getting Additional Information Getting Documentation Updates Standards System Requirements for Installing Mac OS X Server ÂÂ iCal Server What’s New in Mac OS X Server Understanding Server Configuration Methods What’s New in Server Admin Snmp NFS Radius Supported Standards System Overview and Supported Standards System Overview and Supported Standards Mac OS X Server’s Unix Heritage Determining Your Server Needs Planning Server Usage Setting Up a Planning Team Determining Whether to Upgrade or Migrate Determining Services to Host on Each Server Identifying Servers to Set Up Planning Server Usage Migrating from Windows Defining a Migration StrategyDefining an Integration Strategy Defining Physical Infrastructure Requirements Defining Server Setup Infrastructure Requirements Setting up basic server infrastructure Defining Backup and Restore Policies Minimizing the Need to Relocate Servers After SetupMaking Sure Required Server Hardware Is Available Understanding Backup and Restore Policies Understanding Backup Types Understanding Restores Understanding Backup Scheduling Defining a Backup Verification Mechanism Other Backup Policy Considerations Understanding Time Machine as a Server Backup Tool Command-Line Backup and Restoration Tools ÂÂ Wiki ÂÂ Xgrid ÂÂ Remote Access Settings ÂÂ Software Update Opening and Authenticating in Server Admin Server Admin M N Server Admin Interface Customizing the Server Admin Environment Server Assistant is used for Server Assistant Workgroup Manager Server Preferences Workgroup Manager Interface Customizing the Workgroup Manager Environment Server Monitor For additional information, see Server Monitor Help ICal Service Utility Interface ICal Service Utility Media Streaming Management System Image Management RAID Admin Command-Line ToolsServer Status Widget Podcast Capture, Composer, and Producer Xgrid Admin Apple Remote Desktop About Physical Security Enhancing Security Firewalls and Packet Filters About Network SecurityNetwork DMZ MAC Filtering VLANs Payload Encryption Transport Encryption File and Folder Permissions About File SecurityAbout File Encryption Secure Delete About Authentication and Authorization ÂÂ Secure Shell SSH You have several options for authenticating users Single Sign-On Public and Private Keys About Certificates, SSL, and Public Key Infrastructure About Certificate Authorities CAs Certificates About Self-Signed Certificates About IdentitiesAbout Intermediate Trust To configure clients to trust a certificate Certificate Manager in Server AdminFrom the command line Enhancing Security Readying Certificates Requesting a Certificate from a Certificate Authority Creating a Self-Signed CertificateTo create a self-signed certificate To request a signed certificate To create a CA Creating a Certificate Authority Enhancing Security Importing a Certificate Identity Using a CA to Create a Certificate for Someone ElseTo create a certificate for someone else To import an existing OpenSSL style certificate Editing a Certificate Managing Certificates Deleting a Certificate Distributing a CA Public Certificate to ClientsTo distribute your certificate to your clients To delete a certificate Renewing an Expiring Certificate Using CertificatesReplacing an Existing Certificate To renew an expiring certificate To do this, run the following commands in Terminal Key-Based SSH LoginSSH and SSH Keys Generating a Key Pair for SSH Key-Based SSH with Scripting Sample Setting Administration Level Privileges Administration Level Security Setting Sacl Permissions Service Level SecurityTo set Sacl permissions for a service Security Best Practices Password Guidelines Creating Complex Passwords Confirm you meet the requirements Installation Overview Gather your information Start up the computer from an installation disk Set up the environment Start the installer Prepare the target disk Gathering the Information You Need Set Up Services About the Server Install Disc Setting Up Network ServicesConnecting to the Directory During Installation SSH During Installation Mac OS X Server Install Disc Preparing an Administrator ComputerAdministration Tools CD To install Mac OS X Server v10.6 administration tools About Starting Up for InstallationBefore Starting Up To start up the computer with the installation disc Starting Up from the Install DVDStarting Up from an Alternate Partition Restore the image to the alternate partition Create a restorable image of the Install DVDTo create an image of the Install DVD Prepare the disks and partitions on the target computer To restore the image to a free volume To access the computer with Server Assistant Remotely Accessing the Install DVD To access the computer using Screen Sharing To access the computer with VNCTo access the computer with SSH Identify the target server Identifying Remote Servers When Installing Mac OS X Server Starting Up from a NetBoot Environment Create a NetInstall image from the Install DVD Preparing Disks for Installing Mac OS X Server Start up the computer from the NetBoot server To create a NetInstall image from the Install DVD ÂÂ Mac OS Extended Journaled, Case-Sensitive aka Hfsx Choosing a File System About Hard Disk Partitioning Partitioning a Disk To partition a disk using Disk Utility About Creating a RAID Set So the command is You cannot create a RAID set from the startup disk To create a RAID set using Disk Utility Diskutil createRAID mirror setName format device device For example Installing Server Software Interactively To install server software locally Installing Locally from the Installation Disc To install on a remote server by using Server Assistant Installing Remotely with Server Assistant Installing Remotely with Screen Sharing and VNC To change a remote computer’s startup disk Changing a Remote Computer’s Startup Disk To use installer to install server software 105 Most Efficient Methods of Installation Installing Multiple ServersMore Interactive Methods of Installation Upgrading a Computer from Mac OS X to Mac OS X Server How to Keep Current To postpone setting up Mac OS X Server Postponing Server Setup Following InstallationInformation You Need Configuring Servers with Multiple Ethernet Ports Connecting to the Network During Initial Server SetupAbout Settings Established During Initial Server Setup ÂÂ Create Users and Groups Specifying Initial Open Directory Usage ÂÂ Configure Manually Not Changing Directory Usage When UpgradingÂÂ Import Users and Groups Binding a Server to Multiple Directory Servers Setting Up a Server as a Standalone Server To interactively connect to an additional directory server Setting up Servers Interactively Select the target servers from the configuration list To set up servers interactively Using Automatic Server Setup Creating and Saving Setup Data To create a setup data file How a Server Searches for Saved Setup Data Files Using Encryption with Setup Data Files Setting Up Servers Automatically Using Data Saved in a File Create the saved setup folder on the remote server To use setup data from a file remotelyRestart the remote server To set the server serial number Handling Setup Errors Adding Services to the Server View Setting Up ServicesTo change services to administer From the command-line Setting Up User Management Setting Up Open DirectorySetting Up All Other Services To set up a user account Setting Up an Administrator Computer Computers You Can Use to Administer a Server Insert the Mac OS X Server Admin Tools CD Using a Non-Mac OS X Computer for Administration Working with Pre-v10.6 Computers from v10.6 Servers Using the Administration Tools Ports Open By Default Ports Used for Administration Adding and Removing Servers in Server Admin Server Admin Basics Grouping Servers Manually Grouping Servers Using Smart GroupsTo create a server group To create a server smart group Working with Settings for a Specific Server Toolbar button Shows 132 ÂÂ NetBoot ÂÂ Directory Service ÂÂ Firewall ÂÂ Mobile AccessUnderstanding Mac OS X Server Names Dhcp Directory Service and Kerberos NetBoot Mobile Access Proxy ServicesFirewall Web ÂÂ MySQL MySQL Certificates for Web and Wiki ServicesWiki 138 ÂÂ Certificates for collaboration services Certificates for Mail ServicesImap and POP Mailing List ICal Service Address Book ServiceIChat Service Certificates for Collaboration Services To change the DNS name of the Podcast Producer computer To change the IP address of the Podcast Producer computer Print Software Update ServerPush Notification Xgrid Changing the IP Address of a Server Changing the Server’s DNS Name After SetupChanging the Server’s Computer Name and the Local Hostname To change the DNS name From the command line Administering ServicesTo change computer name and local hostname Importing and Exporting Service Settings Adding and Removing Services in Server AdminTo add or remove a service in Server Admin To export service settings To configure service access SACLs Controlling Access to Services Managing Sharing Using SSL for Remote Server Administration Tiered Administration Permissions Workgroup Manager Basics Defining Administrative PermissionsTo assign permissions Opening and Authenticating in Workgroup Manager Administering AccountsWorking with Users and Groups 152 Defining Managed Preferences To display the inspector Working with Directory Data Critical Configuration and Data Files Service Configuration AssistantsAssistants are available for the following services General Mail Service Firewall ServiceIChat Server Mail-POP/IMAP Server Dovecot NAT Service MySQL Service Notifications OpenDirectory ServiceQuickTime Streaming Server Tomcat App Server Web Service Improving Service AvailabilityEliminating Single Points of Failure Wiki and Blog Server Using Xserve for High Availability Using Backup Power Setting Up Your Server for Automatic RestartUsing UPS with Xserve Following is the Energy Saver panel of System Preferences Ensuring Proper Operational Conditions To enable automatic restartProviding Open Directory Replication Automatic restart options are Link Aggregation Link Aggregation Scenarios About the Link Aggregation Control Protocol Lacp Computer to Switch To create a link aggregate Setting Up Link Aggregation in Mac OS X Server To monitor the status of a link aggregate Monitoring Link Aggregation Status Load Balancing ÂÂ mDNSresponder local network service discovery process Using launchd for Daemon ControlDaemon Overview Viewing Running Daemons 170 Planning Monitoring Response Planning a Monitoring Policy Using Server Monitor Using with Server Status WidgetTo configure the Server Status widget Using Console for Server Monitoring Using RAID Admin for Server MonitoringUsing Disk Monitoring Tools Using Network Monitoring Tools Monitoring Server Status Overviews Using Server Admin Using Server Status Notification in Server AdminTo set a notification To see a status overview for one server Following shows a sample Overview pane for a single server Using Remote Kernel Core Dumps 177 Setting up a core dump server Setting Up a Core Dump Server Setting up a core dump client Setting Up a Core Dump ClientRestart the computer for the settings to take effect About Simple Network Management Protocol Snmp Configuring Common Core Dump Options To enable Snmp Configuring snmpdEnabling Snmp reporting Customize data To enable and configure Snmp Restart snmpd to take changes Additional Information about Snmp About Notification and Event Monitoring DaemonsTools to Use with Snmp There are two main notification daemons syslogd and emond Syslog Logging Syslog Configuration File Directory Service Debug LoggingOpen Directory Logging To start debugging at startup Additional Monitoring Aids To enable client-side loggingAFP Logging To run slapd in debugging mode About Push Notification Server Push Notification Server Starting and Stopping Push Notification To enable Push Notification Click Save, then restart the service Changing a Service’s Push Notification ServerTo change the existing push notification server Index 192 193 194 195 196 197