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Intel 440GX Single Processor Recommended Trace Lengths, Motherboard Layout and Routing Guidelines

Models: 440GX

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2.3.3.2Single Processor Recommended Trace Lengths

Motherboard Layout and Routing Guidelines

2.3.3.2Single Processor Recommended Trace Lengths

Single processor trace length recommendations are summarized in Table 2-1. The recommended lengths are derived from the parametric sweeps and Monte Carlo analysis described in the following section.

Table 2-1. Recommended Trace Lengths for Single Processor Design

Trace	Minimum Length	Maximum Length

L1	1.50”	6.75”	1

L3	0.00”	1.50”

L4	0.00”	2.50”	2

NOTE:

1.Refer to the Intel®Pentium®II Processor Specification Update (order number 243337); Specifically, erratum #42: workaround L1=4.5”.

Intel strongly recommends running analog simulations using the available I/O buffer models together with layout information extracted from your specific design. Simulation will confirm that the design adheres to the guidelines.

Figure 2-8. Solution Space for Single Processor Design (Based on Results of Parametric Sweeps)

												2
				PASS						FAIL		1
												L3[in]
												0
0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
						L2 [in]

Intel®440GX AGPset Design Guide

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Intel 440GX manual Single Processor Recommended Trace Lengths, 1. Recommended Trace Lengths for Single Processor Design

Contents

Intel 440GX AGPset Design GuideMarch Intel440GX AGPset Design Guide Contents Validation 82371EB PIIX4E 4.3.1 IntelPentiumII Processor LAI Issue Figures Tables Revision Revision HistoryIntel440GX AGPset Design Guide DateIntel440GX AGPset Design Guide Introduction Page 1.1 About This Design Guide IntroductionIntroduction AP-589 EMI WWW order number 1.2 ReferencesIntel 440GX AGPset Datasheet WWW order number Introduction1.3.1 Intel Pentium II Processor 1.3 Intel Pentium II Processor / Intel 440GX AGPset OverviewIntroduction Introduction 1.3.2 Intel 440GX AGPsetIntroduction 1.3.2.1 System Bus Interface1.3.2.2 DRAM Interface 1.3.2.3 Accelerated Graphics Port Interface1.3.2.5 System Clocking 1.3.4 Wired for Management Initiative1.3.3 PCI-to-ISA/IDE Xcelerator PIIX4E 1.3.2.4 PCI Interface1.3.3.1 Instrumentation 1.3.3.2 Remote Service BootIntroduction 1.3.3.3 Remote Wake-Up 1.3.3.4 Power Management1.4 Design Recommendations 1.4.1 Voltage DefinitionsIntroduction 1.4.2 General Design Recommendations1.4.3 Transitioning from Intel 440BX AGPset to Intel 440GX AGPset DesignIntel440GX AGPset Design Guide IntroductionMotherboard Design Page 2.1 BGA Quadrant Assignment Figure 2-1. Major Signal Sections 82443GX Top ViewMotherboard Layout and Routing GuidelinesATX Form Factor Motherboard Layout and Routing GuidelinesMotherboard Layout and Routing Guidelines 2.2 Board DescriptionNLX Form Factor Motherboard Layout and Routing Guidelines Figure 2-4. Four Layer Board Stack-upMotherboard Layout and Routing Guidelines 2.3 Routing Guidelines2.3.3.1 Single Processor Network Topology and Conditions 2.3.1 GTL+ Description2.3.2 GTL+ Layout Recommendations 2.3.3 Single Processor DesignTable 2-1. Recommended Trace Lengths for Single Processor Design 2.3.3.2 Single Processor Recommended Trace LengthsMotherboard Layout and Routing Guidelines 2.3.4.2 Dual Processor Recommended Trace Lengths 2.3.4 Dual Processor Systems2.3.5 Single Processor Systems-Single-End Termination SET 2.3.4.1 Dual Processor Network Topology and ConditionsTable 2-3. SET Trace Length Requirements 2.3.5.2 SET Trace Length RequirementsMotherboard Layout and Routing Guidelines Motherboard Layout and Routing Guidelines 2.3.6 Additional Guidelines2.3.6.1 Minimizing Crosstalk 2.3.6.2 Practical ConsiderationsMotherboard Layout and Routing Guidelines 2.3.7 Design MethodologyFigure 2-12. GTL+ Design Process 2.3.8 Performance RequirementsMotherboard Layout and Routing Guidelines Table 2-4. Recommended 100 MHz System Flight Time Specs 2.3.9 Topology Definition2.3.10 Pre-Layout Simulation Sensitivity Analysis 2.3.11 Simulation MethodologyMotherboard Layout and Routing Guidelines 2.4 Placement & Layout2.5 Post-Layout Simulation Figure 2-13. Pre-layout simulation processMotherboard Layout and Routing Guidelines 2.5.1 Crosstalk and the Multi-Bit Adjustment Factor2.6 Validation 2.6.1 Flight Time MeasurementGuideline @ Processor Edge 2.6.2 Signal Quality MeasurementMotherboard Layout and Routing Guidelines EdgeMotherboard Layout and Routing Guidelines 2.7 Timing AnalysisThe terms used in the equations are described in Table Tflight,min Table 2-10. Recommended 100 MHz System Timing ParametersTable 2-11. Recommended 100 MHz System Flight Time Specs Motherboard Layout and Routing GuidelinesTable 2-12. Data and Associated Strobe 2.8.1 AGP Connector “Up Option Layout GuidelinesFigure 2-14. AGP Connector Layout Guidelines 2.8 AGP Layout and Routing GuidelinesMotherboard Layout and Routing Guidelines Table 2-14. Control Signal Line Length Recommendations2.8.2 On-board AGP Compliant Device “Down” Option Layout Guidelines Table 2-13. Source Synchronous Motherboard RecommendationsMotherboard Layout and Routing Guidelines Table 2-16. Control Signal Line Length RecommendationsFigure 2-15. On-board AGP Compliant Device Layout Guidelines Table 2-15. Source Synchronous Motherboard RecommendationsMotherboard Layout and Routing Guidelines Figure 2-16. FET Switch Example2.9 82443GX Memory Subsystem Layout and Routing Guidelines 2.9.1 100 MHz 82443GX Memory Array ConsiderationsTable 2-17. MDx lines Reference Planes Routing 2.9.1.1 Matching the Reference Planes2.9.1.2 Adding Additional Decoupling Capacitor Figure 2-17. Registered SDRAM DIMM ExampleMotherboard Layout and Routing Guidelines 2.9.2 Memory Layout & Routing Guidelines2.9.1.3 Trace Width vs. Trace Spacing Figure 2-19. 4 DIMMs Single or Double-SidedMotherboard Layout and Routing Guidelines Table 2-18. FET Switch DQ Route ExampleFigure 2-20. Motherboard Model-Data MDxx, 4 DIMMs 82443GXMotherboard Layout and Routing Guidelines Figure 2-21. Motherboard Model-DQMA0,24,67, 4 DIMMsFigure 2-22. Motherboard Model-DQMA1,5, 4 DIMMs Figure 2-23. Motherboard Model-DQMA1,5, 4 DIMMsMotherboard Layout and Routing Guidelines Figure 2-24. Motherboard Model-DQMB1,5, 4 DIMMsFigure 2-25. Motherboard Model-CSA#/CSB#, 4 DIMMs Figure 2-26. Motherboard Model-SRASA#, 4 DIMMsMotherboard Layout and Routing Guidelines Table 2-19. Motherboard Model SRASB#, 4 DIMMsTable 2-20. Motherboard Model SCASA#, 4 DIMMs Table 2-21. Motherboard Model SCASB#, 4 DIMMsMotherboard Layout and Routing Guidelines Table 2-22. Motherboard Model WEA#, 4 DIMMsTable 2-23. Motherboard Model WEB#, 4 DIMMs Table 2-24. Motherboard Model MAA140, 4 DIMMsFigure 2-27. Motherboard Model-Data MDxx Lines, 4 DIMMs No FET 2.9.3 4 DIMM Routing Guidelines NO FET2.9.4 PCI Bus Routing Guidelines Table 2-25. Motherboard Model MAB12,11,90#, MAB14,13,10, 4 DIMMsFigure 2-29. 82443GX Decoupling 2.9.5 Decoupling Guidelines Intel 440GX AGPset PlatformHost Bridge Controller 492 BGA Figure 2-28. PCI Bus Layout ExampleFigure 2-30. Clock Trace Spacing Guidelines 2.9.6 Intel 440GX AGPset Clock Layout Recommendations2.9.6.1 Clock Routing Spacing 2.9.6.2 System Bus Clock Layout2.9.6.4 SDRAM Clock Layout 2.9.6.3 PCI Clock LayoutMotherboard Layout and Routing Guidelines Figure 2-31. AGP Clock Layout 2.9.6.5 AGP Clock LayoutMotherboard Layout and Routing Guidelines Design Checklist Page 3.2 Pull-up and Pull-down Resistor Values Design ChecklistDesign Checklist 3.1 OverviewTable 3-1. Slot Connectivity Sheet 1 of 3.3 Intel Pentium II Processor Checklist3.3.1 Intel Pentium II Processor Figure 3-1. Pull-up Resistor ExampleDesign Checklist Table 3-1. Slot Connectivity Sheet 2 ofIntel440GX AGPset Design Guide Intel440GX AGPset Design Guide Table 3-2. GND & Power Pin DefinitionTable 3-1. Slot Connectivity Sheet 3 of Design Checklist3.3.2 Intel Pentium II Processor Clocks 3.3.3 Intel Pentium II Processor SignalsDesign Checklist DBRESET ITP Reset signal requires a 240 ohm pull-up to VCC3 Design Checklist3.3.7 Voltage Regulator Module, VRM 3.3.4 Uni-Processor UP Slot 1 Checklist3.3.5 Dual-Processor DP Slot 1 Checklist 3.3.6 Slot 1 Decoupling CapacitorsDesign Checklist 3.4 Intel 440GX AGPset Clocks3.4.1 CK100 - 100 MHz Clock Synthesizer Table 3-3. Processor Frequency SelectDesign Checklist 3.4.2 CKBF - SDRAM 1 to 18 Clock Buffer3.4.3 GCKE and DCLKWR Connection Figure 3-2. GCKE & DCLKWR ConnectionsDesign Checklist 3.5 82443GX Host Bridge3.5.1 82443GX Interface Table 3-4. 82443GX Connectivity Sheet 1 of3-11 Table 3-4. 82443GX Connectivity Sheet 2 ofDesign Checklist Intel440GX AGPset Design GuideDesign Checklist 3.5.2 82443GX GTL+ Bus Interface3.5.3 82443GX PCI Interface Table 3-4. 82443GX Connectivity Sheet 3 ofTable 3-5. Strapping Options 3.5.4 82443GX AGP InterfaceDesign Checklist Design Checklist 3.6 Intel 440GX AGPset Memory Interface3.6.1 SDRAM Connections Table 3-6. SDRAM ConnectivityDesign Checklist 3.6.2 DIMM Solution With FET SwitchesFigure 3-3. Current Solution With Existing FET Switches 3.6.3 Registered SDRAMDesign Checklist 3.7 82371EB PIIX4E3.7.1 PIIX4E Connections Table 3-7. PIIX4E Connectivity Sheet 1 of3-17 Table 3-7. PIIX4E Connectivity Sheet 2 ofDesign Checklist Intel440GX AGPset Design Guide3-18 Table 3-7. PIIX4E Connectivity Sheet 3 ofDesign Checklist Intel440GX AGPset Design Guide3-19 Table 3-7. PIIX4E Connectivity Sheet 4 ofDesign Checklist Intel440GX AGPset Design GuideTable 3-8. IDE Series Termination 3.7.2 IDE Routing Guidelines3.7.2.1 Cabling 3.7.2.2 MotherboardPIIX4E Figure 3-4. Series Resistor Placement for Primary IDE ConnectorsDesign Checklist Design Checklist 3.8 PCI Bus Signals3.7.3 PIIX4E Power And Ground Pins Table 3-9. PIIX4E PWR & GNDTable 3-11. Non-PIIX4E ISA Signals ISA Signals3.10 ISA and X-Bus Signals Table 3-10. Non-PIIX4E PCI SignalsDesign Checklist 3.11 USB Interface3.12 IDE Interface Table 3-12. Non-PIIX4E IDEFigure 3-5. Dual Footprint Flash Layouts 3.13 Flash Design3.13.1 Dual-Footprint Flash Design 3.13.2 Flash Design ConsiderationsFigure 3-6. nterfacing Intel’s Flash with PIIX4E in Desktop XD701Mbit/2Mbit FlashDesign Checklist Table 3-13. Flash Vpp RecommendationsWrite Protection Design Checklist 3.14 System and Test Signals3.15 Power Management Signals Figure 3-7. Interfacing Intel’s Flash with PIIX4E in DesktopNote The polarities have been altered to simplify drawing Simplified P W R G O O D a n d P W R O K generation logic VCC3A S L O T O C C B S L O T O C C4.7K V R M 1 P W R G D V R M 2 P W R G D I T P R E S E T A T X P S P O KDesign Checklist 3.15.1 Power Button ImplementationDesign Checklist 3.16 MiscellaneousDesign Checklist 3.17 82093AA IOAPICDesign Checklist 3.18.1 Max1617 Temperature Sensor3.18 Manageability Devices 3.18.2 LM79 Microprocessor System Hardware MonitorDesign Checklist 3.18.3 82558B LOM ChecklistDesign Checklist 3.19 Software/BIOS3.19.1 USB and Multi-processor BIOS 3.18.4 Wake On LAN WOL Header3.20.1 Design Considerations 3.20 Thermals / Cooling Solutions3.21 Mechanicals 3.19.2 Design ConsiderationsDesign Checklist 3.22 Electricals3.21.1 Design Considerations 3.22.1 Design Considerations3.23.2 Design Consideration 3.23 Layout Checklist3.24 Applications and Add-in Hardware 3.23.1 Routing and Board FabricationDebug Recommendations Page 4.2.1 Logic Analyzer Interface LAI Debug Recommendations4.1 Slot 1 Test Tools 4.2 Debug/Simulation Tools4.2.4 I/O Buffer Models 4.3 Debug Features4.3.1 Intel Pentium II Processor LAI Issue 4.2.3 Bus Functional Model BFMDebug Recommendations Figure 4-1. LAI Probe Input CircuitDebug Recommendations 4.3.2 Debug Logic Recommendations4.3.3.1 Design Considerations 4.3.4 Debug Procedures4.3.3 Debug Layout 4.3.2.1 Debug ConsiderationsDM = 0, D3-D0 = 1111 all including self shorthand Debug RecommendationsThird Party Vendors Page Third-Party Vendor Information Table 5-1. Slot 1 ConnectorThird-Party Vendor Information ProcessorsTable 5-5. Voltage Regulator Control Silicon Vendors 5.1.1 Voltage Regulator Modules5.1.2 Voltage Regulator Control Silicon Table 5-4. Voltage Regulator ModulesTable 5-8. FET Switch Vendors 5.2.2 Power Management Components5.2.3 FET Switches4 DIMM/FET Design Table 5-7. Power Management Component Vendors5.3.3 Heat sinks 5.3.1 Slot 1 Connector5.3 Other Processor Components 5.3.2 Mechanical SupportReference Design Schematics Page 4 and Intel 440GX AGPset Platform ReferenceDesign Intel440GX AGPset Platform Reference DesignThe GCKE shift register circuit is also shown Intel440GX AGPset Platform Reference DesignUltra I/O Component Intel440GX AGPset Platform Reference Design34-35 Power Connectors Front Panel JumpersIntel440GX AGPset Platform Reference Design Pull-up and Pull-down Resistors