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Agilent Technologies N9340A Improving Frequency Resolution and Accuracy, Making Measurements

Models: N9340A

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3 Making Measurements

Improving Frequency Resolution and Accuracy

Using the frequency counter to improve frequency resolution and accuracy.

		Marker count properly functions only on CW signals or
	N O T E	Marker count properly functions only on CW signals or
	N O T E	discrete spectral components. The marker must be > 40
		discrete spectral components. The marker must be > 40
		dB above the displayed noise level.

1Press [PRESET]. (Factory Preset)

2Input a signal (1 GHz, –30 dBm) to the analyzer’s RF IN connector.

3Set the center frequency to 1 GHz and the span to 5 MHz:

4Press [MARKER] > {More (1 of 2)} > {Mode} > {Freq Count} to turn the frequency counter on.

5Move the marker by rotating the knob, half- way down the skirt of the signal response.

6Press [MARKER] > {More (1 of 2)} > {Mode} > {Normal} to turn off the marker counter.

Figure 12 Using the frequency counter

36	N9340A User’s Guide

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Agilent Technologies N9340A Improving Frequency Resolution and Accuracy, Using the frequency counter, Making Measurements

Contents

User’s Guide Agilent N9340A Handheld Spectrum AnalyzerManual Part Number WarrantyNotices EditionManual Part Number WarrantyNotices Editionare fully understood and met understood and met3 Making Measurements Viewing Battery Status2 Getting Started 1 N9340A OverviewGeneral system settings 4 System SettingSetting Key Beep Show ErrorMarker EnterESC/CLR NormalReset 6 SCPI Command ReferenceDefault unit of parameters Save Trace Save As Recall Trace Limit Limit Line Limit PatternTracking Generator Subsystem Select One button measurementExt Input StateError Message List 7 Error Messages8 Menu Map Trigger Source 139 UNIT SubsystemAgilent N9340A Handheld Spectrum Analyzer N9340A OverviewAgilent Technologies Functionality Introduction1 N9340A Overview N9340A Overview Optimized UsabilityN9340A User’s Guide Function Front Panel OverviewCaption MEAS, and MODE3. External power indicator 1. DC Connector2. Charging indicator 7. RF OUT Connector For future expansionAssociated Function Key Display AnnotationsDescription SYS Setting GeneralWorking with Batteries Installing a BatteryViewing Battery Status Step1 N9340A Overview Charging a BatteryNever use a modified or damaged AC-DC adapter Conventions Getting StartedAgilent N9340A Handheld Spectrum Analyzer Checking Shipment and Order List 2 Getting StartedPower Requirements N9340A User’s GuideCable Part AC Power CordsPlug Type Plug acase only Safety ConsiderationsN9340A User’s Guide 2 Getting Started Do NOT dispose of batteries in a fireElectrical Requirements Electrostatic Discharge ESD PrecautionsEnvironmental Requirements N9340A User’s GuideInstrument Markings 2 Getting StartedPower on your N9340A Powering on the Analyzer for the First TimeN9340A User’s Guide 1 Press SYS Setting General to set time and power saving mode Setting up your N9340ATesting buttons and screen pixel Preparation for Use2 Press SYS More 2 of 3 Option to display the option information 3 Press SYS More 1 of 3 Show Error to display the error informationChecking Instrument Information N9340A User’s Guide3 Using Numeric Keypad 1 Using Knob2 Using Arrow Keys 4 Using Unit SoftkeysFigure 1 View a signal 1 GHz, 0 dBm Viewing a Signal2 Press SYS More 1 0f 3 Preset and select 5 Press FREQ Center Freq 1 GHz to set the center frequency to 1 GHzDefault Selecting a preset typeSaving a User-defined Preset Some helpful tipsAdding an option Upgrading FirmwareN9340A User’s Guide Contact Agilent Technologies 2 Getting StartedMaking Measurements Agilent N9340A Handheld Spectrum Analyzer3 Making Measurements Measuring Multiple SignalsComparing Signals on the Same Screen Press FREQ Start Freq 40 MHz Press FREQ Stop Freq 110 MHzAccuracy on page refer to “Improving Frequency Resolution andNext Left PK screenPress PRESET Press FREQ Center Freq 300.05 MHz Resolving Signals of Equal AmplitudeFigure 3 Setup for obtaining two signals Press SPAN Span 2 MHz Press BW/SWP RBW 30 kHzFigure 4 Resolving signals of equal amplitude Making MeasurementsN9340A User’s Guide Press MARKER Peak Search Press MARKER Delta Resolving Small Signals Hidden by Large SignalsPress SPAN 500 kHz Press BW/SWP RBW 300 Hz Press MARKER Peak Search Next Right PK or Next Left PKReducing Input Attenuation Measuring a Low-Level SignalFigure 6 A signal closer to the noise level Atten10 dB Press FREQ Center Freq 1 GHz Press SPAN 5 MHzPress SPAN 1 MHz Figure 7 A signal closer to the noise level Atten 20 dBFigure 8 A signal closer to the noise level Atten 0 dB Press AMPTD Attenuation 20 dBMaking Measurements Decreasing the Resolution BandwidthFigure 9 Decreasing resolution bandwidth N9340A User’s Guide3 Press BW/SWP Sweep Time to set the sweep time to 500 ms Using the Average Detector and Increased Sweep TimeFigure 10 Using the average detector 4 Press BW/SWP Avg Type to change the average typeMaking Measurements Trace AveragingFigure 11 Trace averaging N9340A User’s GuideFigure 12 Using the frequency counter Improving Frequency Resolution and Accuracy3 Making Measurements Press FREQ Center Freq 400 MHz Press SPAN 700 MHz Making Distortion MeasurementsIdentifying Analyzer Generated Distortion Figure 13 Harmonic distortionPress TRACE Trace Press TRACE Clear Write Press SPAN 50 MHz Press MARKER Peak SearchPress AMPTD Attenuation 0 dB Press MARKER Marker To To Ref Press TRACE View Press MARKER Peak Search Press Marker DeltaMaking Measurements Figure 14 Identifying Analyzer Distortion O dB attenFigure 15 Identifying Analyzer Distortion 10 dB atten N9340A User’s GuideThird-Order Intermodulation Distortion 3 Making MeasurementsPress MARKER Marker To To Ref Press SPAN 5 MHzPress MARKER Peak Search Press MARKER DeltaFigure 16 TOI test screen Press MARKER Peak Search Next Left Right PeakPress Marker Normal Press MARKER Peak Search Next Left Right Peak 3 Making MeasurementsSetting dBc One-button Power MeasurementSetting Percentage % Measuring OBWKey Access MEAS ACPR Adj Channel Key Access MEAS ACPR Center FreqKey Access MEAS ACPR Main Channel Key Access MEAS ACPR Channel SpaceKey Access MEAS Channel Power Int BW Measuring Channel PowerKey Access MEAS Channel Power Center Freq Integration Bandwidth3 Making Measurements Channel BandwidthN9340A User’s Guide Making a Stimulus Response Transmission Measurement Figure 17 Transmission Measurement Test SetupPress Mode Track Generator Amplitude On -10 dBm Press FREQ Start Freq 100 MHz Press FREQ Stop Freq 1 GHzPress MEAS Normalize Norm Ref Posn 8 ENTER Press BW/SWP RBW 30 kHz Press BW/SWP VBW 30 kHzPress MEAS Normalize Store Ref 1 → 4 Normalize On Press Marker Normal 370 MHz, Delta 130 MHzPress AMPTD Scale Type Log 4 Press BW/SWP RBW 10 kHz to set the resolution bandwidth to 10 kHzMeasuring Stop Band Attenuation of a Low-pass Filter Press Mode Track Generator Amplitude On -10 dBmFigure 19 Minimum Stop Band Attenuation Press MARKER Normal 370 MHzPress Delta 37 MHz 3 Making MeasurementsMaking Measurements Figure 20 Reflection Measurement Short Calibration Test SetupMaking a Reflection Calibration Measurement N9340A User’s GuidePress FREQ Stop Freq 1 GHz 10 dBmPress FREQ Start Freq 100 MHz Press BW/Avg RBW 1 MHzMaking Measurements Figure 21 Short Circuit NormalizedN9340A User’s Guide Measuring the Return Loss of the Filter Measuring Return Loss Using the Reflection Calibration Routine3 Making Measurements Agilent N9340A Handheld Spectrum Analyzer System SettingAgilent Technologies Manual Display Adjustment Visual and Audio AdjustmentQuick Display Adjustment Setting Key BeepPower Manager System SettingGeneral system settings System SettingExternal Reference Ref Key Access SYS Setting Ext InputExt Input External Trigger TrigQuick recalling a setup Quick saving or loading a system setupQuick saving a setup Press SYS Setting Save Setup to save theSaving Path FileFile Type 4 System SettingQuick saving a trace or a screen 1 Press SYS File File setup to select the save path and file typeSaving a file System SettingViewing file list Press SYS File File setup File type to select a file type4 System Setting Loading a file 2 Press SYS File File setup File type to select a file typePress SYS File File setup File type to decide whether you need to delete the filesShow System Key Access SYS More 2 of 3 Show system4 System Setting System Setting Show ErrorKey Access SYS More 2 of 3 Show Error N9340A User’s GuidePerform a Time Base Calibration Key Access SYS More 2 of 3 Calibration4 System Setting Parameter Factory Default SettingsDefault Setting N9340A User’s Guide4 System Setting N9340A User’s GuideAgilent N9340A Handheld Spectrum Analyzer Key ReferenceAgilent Technologies Attenuation AmplitudeRef level 5 Key ReferenceScale/DIV Key access AMPTD Scale TypePreamp Scale TypeY Axis Units Key access AMPTD Y Axis UnitsRef Offset 5 Key ReferenceKey Reference BW/SWPN9340A User’s Guide When preset is set to default, or VBW/RBW is set to Auto VBW/RBWAvg Type 5 Key ReferenceVoltage Key access BW/SWP Avg TypeLog Pwr Trace averagingIn zero span Sweep TimeIn non-zero spans 5 Key ReferenceKey access BW/SWP Sweep Sweep Cont In FFT ModeSweep Mode Key access BW/SWP SweepOn, pressing BW/SWP Single Sweep halts Single SweepFast Key access BW/SWP Sweep Sweep ModeTerminate filename entries EnterKey Reference N9340A User’s GuideAssociation with other functions ESC/CLRClear 5 Key ReferenceStart Frequency FrequencyCenter Frequency Stop FrequencyCF Step 5 Key ReferenceNormal MarkerMarker Key Referencemeasurements provided the signal is a single spectral DeltaThe delta marker function permits signal-to-noise signal-to-noise/HzNext LF Peak Peak SearchPeak Next RT PeakMarker To Key access MARKER To CenterKey access MARKER Marker To ModeKey access MARKER More 1 of 2 Mode Activates a noise readout mode for evaluatingpower density Key access MARKER Marker Trace5 Key Reference MeasN9340A User’s Guide Full SpanSpan ZeroTRACE of the selected trace, and updates each trace pointKey access TRACE TraceBlank Minimum HoldView DetectorKey access TRACE More 1 of 2 Detector Key access TRACE More 1 of 2 Detector NormalKey access TRACE More 1 of 2 Detector Average 5 Key ReferenceAverage Key access TRACE More 1 of 2 Detector SampleKey access TRACE More 1 of 2 Detector Neg Peak Pos PeakKey access TRACE More 1 of 2 Save as Key access TRACE More 1 of 2 AverageKey access TRACE More 1 of 2 Save trace Key access TRACE More 1 of 2 Recall traceLimit Pattern LimitLimit Line Set PatternRecall Pattern BeepSave Pattern 5 Key ReferenceAgilent N9340A Handheld Spectrum Analyzer SCPI Command ReferenceAgilent Technologies Common Terms used in this Book 6 SCPI Command ReferenceSCPI Language Basics Terms DescriptionCommand Statement Rules Overview Command CategoriesCommand Syntax SCPI Command ReferencePunctuation Standard NotationsKeywords 6 SCPI Command ReferenceSCPI Command Reference Default unit of parametersSeparator N9340A User’s GuideClear Status Common CommandsReset Identification QueryDelete All Limit Lines in Memory CALCulate SubsystemLimit Line Subsection Select the Type of Limit LineSet Limit Line Y-axis value Control Limit Line TestingControl Limit line Buzzer 6 SCPI Command ReferenceSCPI Command Reference Control Limit Pattern TestingSet Limit Pattern X-axis Units N9340A User’s GuideDefine Limit Pattern Values 6 SCPI Command ReferenceMarkers All On CALCulateMARKer SubsectionMarkers All Off on All Traces Frequency Counter MarkerMarker Peak Maximum Left Search Marker FunctionMarker Peak Maximum Search Marker Peak Maximum Right SearchSCPI Command Reference Marker ModeSet center frequency to the marker value N9340A User’s GuideMarker to Trace Set reference level to the marker valueMarker On/Off 6 SCPI Command ReferenceSCPI Command Reference Marker readout X ValueMarker readout Y Value N9340A User’s GuideFM Demodulation DEMOdulation SubsystemAM Demodulation 6 SCPI Command ReferenceTrace Y-Axis Scaling DISPlay SubsystemTurn the Entire Display On/Off SCPI Command Reference6 SCPI Command Reference Trace Y-Axis Reference LevelTrace Y-Axis Reference Level Offset This command sets the amplitude level offset for the Y- AxisDISPlayWINDowTRACeYSCALeSPACing LINearLOGarithmic Display ModeVertical Axis Scaling DISPlayWINDowTRACeYSCALeSPACing?6 SCPI Command Reference ContrastBrightness This command adjusts the contrast of the current screen displayInitiate a single sweep INITiate SubsystemContinuous or Single Sweep BW/SWP SweepSelect One button measurement INSTrument Subsystem6 SCPI Command Reference MEASure Subsystem Setting Percentage % method of OBWSetting dBc method of OBW OBW SubsectionUpper Adjacent Channel Power Main Channel PowerLow Adjacent Channel Power Adjacent channelMEASureACPRLRATio? Low Adjacent Channel Power RatioUpper Adjacent Channel Power Ratio MEASureACPRURATio?Channel Power Channel Power SubsectionChannel Power and Power Density Power DensityAverage Type SENSe SubsystemSENSeAVERage Subsection Clear the current AverageSENSeAVERageTRACe 123456STATe? Turn Averaging On/OffSet the Average Count SENSeAVERageTRACe123456COUNt para SENSeAVERageTRACe 123456COUNt?SENSeBANDwidth Subsection Resolution BandwidthResolution Bandwidth Automatic Video BandwidthVideo Bandwidth Automatic Video to Resolution Bandwidth RatioVideo to Resolution Bandwidth Ratio Mode Select 6 SCPI Command ReferenceSCPI Command Reference SENSeDETector SubsectionAutomatic Detection Type Selected N9340A User’s GuideCenter Frequency Step Size Automatic FREQuency SubsectionTypes of Dtection 6 SCPI Command ReferenceFull Frequency Span Center Frequency Step SizeFrequency Span SCPI Command ReferenceStart Frequency Zero Frequency SpanLast Frequency Span Stop FrequencyInput Attenuation SENSePOWer SubsectionInput Port Power Gain Input Port Attenuator AutoSweep Time Sweep ModeSWEep Subsection Automatic Sweep TimeDate Query Error Information QuerySYSTem Subsystem Time QueryTRACe Subsystem Select Trace Display Mode6 SCPI Command Reference Output Amplitude Tracking Generator SubsystemState SCPI Command ReferenceTGENeratorAMPLitudeOFFSet ampt Amplitude StepAmplitude Offset 6 SCPI Command ReferenceNormalization Reference Level Storing as referenceNormalization SCPI Command ReferenceNormalization Reference Position 6 SCPI Command ReferenceTrigger Source TRIGer SubsystemExternal Trigger Slope SCPI Command Reference6 SCPI Command Reference Video Trigger Level AmplitudeTRIGerSEQuenceVIDeoLEVel ampl TRIGerSEQuenceVIDeoLEVe? This command specifies the video trigger levelSCPI Command Reference UNITPOWer DBMDBMVDBUVVW UNITPOWer?UNIT Subsystem Selects a power unit for measurement6 SCPI Command Reference N9340A User’s GuideAgilent N9340A Handheld Spectrum Analyzer Error MessagesAgilent Technologies Error Message List 7 Error MessagesIndicates no matched N9340A User’s Guide7 Error Messages For example, currently in FFTCannot Meas uncalRF Board Changed communicate with7 Error Messages N9340A User’s GuideAgilent N9340A Handheld Spectrum Analyzer Menu MapAgilent Technologies 8 Menu Map AMPTDBW/SWP Menu MapN9340A User’s Guide Freq FREQ8 Menu Map Center Freq Start Freq Stop Freq CF Step Auto ManMarker MARKERMenu Map Delta8 Menu Map MEASMode MEASMenu Map SPANenable when N9340A User’s GuideSystem Show Error8 Menu Map LightN9340A User’s Guide TRACEMenu Map TraceLimit 8 Menu MapIndex Page N9340-90001 Agilent Technologies, Inc Printed in China AprilN9340-90001