Frequency Modulation FM, To Select FM | Agilent Technologies U2761A

Features and Functions

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Frequency Modulation (FM)

A modulated waveform consists of a carrier waveform and a modulating waveform. Below shows an example of the FM waveform. In FM, the frequency of the carrier is varied by the instantaneous voltage of the modulating waveform. The variation in frequency of the modulated waveform from the carrier frequency is called the frequency deviation.

Modulating frequency

FM deviation

Figure 2-17 FM waveform

To Select FM

The U2761A allows only one modulation mode to be enabled at a time. The U2761A does not allow FM to be enabled at the same time that sweep is enabled.

U2761A User’s Guide

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Agilent Technologies U2761A manual Frequency Modulation FM, To Select FM, Modulating frequency FM deviation

Contents

User’s Guide U T I O N Warn in G Safety Symbols General Safety Information Environment Conditions Complies with the following safety and EMC requirements Regulatory Markings Affixed product label is shown as below Product Category Declaration of Conformity Regulatory Information for Australia/New Zealand This Guide… Contents Introduction Output Function Phase Modulation PM To Select PM Index List of Figures XVI List of Tables Xviii Getting Started Introduction Various features of the U2761A Product Outlook Product at a GlanceBumpers Power inlet Fan Ventilation Pin backplane connector USB inlet Dimensions Without Bumpers Product Dimensions105.00 mm 175.00 mm 18.00 mm 25.00 mm 117.00 mm 180.00 mm 15.00 mm Dimensions With Bumpers41.00 mm Standard Purchase Items General Maintenance Inspection and MaintenanceInitial Inspection Electrical Check Installation Installation and ConfigurationWith Agilent VEE Pro, LabVIEW, or Microsoft Visual Studio Hard-disk space 1 GB Check Your System Install the IO Libraries Suite Install the Module Driver Install the Agilent Measurement Manager Getting Started Proceeding Connect the Module to Your PC Getting Started Follow the instructions below Select Ignore to disable the warning messageDriver Signing Options dialog box will appear Getting Started Verify Your Module Connection Send Commands To This Instrument Launch Your Agilent Measurement Manager IO Control will launch automatically when you start your PC Agilent Measurement Manager help file Description Pin Backplane Connector Pin Configuration Chassis Installation Triggering Pulse Waveform Introduction Output ConfigurationOutput Function 1Output functions Function Limitation 1U2761A soft front panel Waveform pattern selection Waveform parameters 2Output frequency range Output Frequency Function Limitations Offset Voltage Limitations Output Amplitude Limits Due to Units Selection Limits Due to Amplitude DC Offset Voltage VOLTageOFFSet offset Output Units Output Termination OUTPutLOAD ohmsINFinity 7Square wave duty cycles Duty Cycle Square Waves APPLy command automatically sets the duty cycle to 50% 9Ramp wave duty cycles Symmetry Ramp Wave 11Panel view of the output section Output Control Example 1, To output a DC voltage Set Output Using Scpi Commands Example 2, To output a Sine wave Example 4, To output a Ramp wave Pulse Period Pulse Waveform 13Panel view of the pulse width section Pulse Width Duty Cycle = 100 ⋅ Pulse Width / Period Pulse Duty Cycle Example Generate Pulse Waveform Using Scpi Commands To Select AM Amplitude Modulation AMModulating frequency AM depth 15Panel view of AM Carrier Waveform 3Carrier frequency for AM Carrier Frequency Modulating Waveform Default modulating waveform is Sine wave Modulation Depth Modulating Waveform FrequencyPeak into a 50 Ω load Generate AM Using Scpi Commands To Select FM Frequency Modulation FMModulating frequency FM deviation FMSTATe Offon 4Carrier frequency for FM FMINTernalFUNCtion SINusoidSQUareRAMPNRAMpTRIangleUSER Frequency Deviation Generate FM Using Scpi Commands Modulating frequency Phase deviation Phase Modulation PMTo Select PM PMSTATe Offon 5Carrier frequency for PM Default waveform is Sine wave Generate PM Using Scpi Commands Phase Deviation To Select FSK Modulation Frequency-Shift Keying FSK ModulationFSK rate Hop frequency FSKeySTATe Offon 6Carrier frequency for FSK FSK Carrier Frequency 7Hop frequency FSK Hop Frequency FSK Rate Generate FSK Modulation Using Scpi Commands To Select PSK Modulation Phase-Shift Keying PSK ModulationPSK rate PSK deviation PSKeySTATe Offon 8Carrier frequency for PSK PSK Carrier Frequency PSK Deviation PSK Rate Generate PSK Modulation Using Scpi Commands To Select ASK Modulation Amplitude-Shift Keying ASK ModulationASK rate ASKeySTATe Offon 9Carrier frequency for ASK ASK Rate Generate ASK Modulation Using Scpi Commands To Select Sweep Frequency SweepFrequency Linear type Start frequency Stop frequency 28Panel view of sweep Start Frequency and Stop Frequency Sweep Time Sweep Mode Sweep Trigger Source Set Frequency Sweep Using Scpi Commands Trigger Source Choices Triggering Manual Triggering Internal Triggering External Triggering Trigger Output Signal Trigger Input SignalTrigger Rising edge shown Trigger out 500 μs Rising edge shown OUTPutTRIGger Offon OUTPutTRIGgerSLOPe POSitiveNEGative Set Triggering Using Scpi Commands To Create and Store an Arbitrary Waveform Arbitrary Waveforms Select the Arbitrary waveform function Exiting the waveform editor Features and Functions Characteristics and Specifications Operating Environment Product Characteristics Waveforms Product Specifications and Characteristics Ramp, Triangle ±1% of settling ±5 mV ±10 mV @ Hi-Z Units Vpp, Vrms, dBm Resolution Digits±5 V across open circuit Accuracy ±8 ppm in 1 year Modulation Sweep Characteristics 102 Index Offset. Refer to DC offset United States Tel 800 829