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Agilent Technologies manual Frequency Modulation FM, To Select FM, U2761A User’s Guide

Models: U2761A

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Features and Functions

Frequency Modulation (FM)

A modulated waveform consists of a carrier waveform and a modulating waveform. Below shows an example of the FM waveform. In FM, the frequency of the carrier is varied by the instantaneous voltage of the modulating waveform. The variation in frequency of the modulated waveform from the carrier frequency is called the frequency deviation.

Modulating frequency

FM deviation

Figure 2-17 FM waveform

To Select FM

The U2761A allows only one modulation mode to be enabled at a time. The U2761A does not allow FM to be enabled at the same time that sweep is enabled.

U2761A User’s Guide

Page 73

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Agilent Technologies manual Frequency Modulation FM, To Select FM, U2761A User’s Guide

Contents

User’s Guide Agilent U2761A USB Modular Function/Arbitrary Waveform GeneratorAgilent Technologies Safety Notices WarrantyNotices C A U T I O NU2761A User’s Guide Safety SymbolsWARN IN G General Safety InformationC A U T I O N Do not operate the product in an explosive atmosphere or in theRequirements Environment ConditionsU2761A User’s Guide Regulatory Markings Do not dispose in domestic household waste Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment WEEE Directive 2002/96/ECU2761A User’s Guide VIII Declaration of ConformityU2761A User’s Guide StandardAdditional Information U2761A User’s Guide1Performance Criteria Regulatory Information for Canada3 Characteristics and Specifications 2 Features and FunctionsIn This Guide… 1 Getting StartedInstallation ContentsChassis Installation XVIIFeatures and Functions ContentsPhase Deviation Phase Modulation PMContents To Select PMIndex Product Specifications and CharacteristicsContents 3 Characteristics and SpecificationsAM waveform List of FiguresFM waveform PM waveformU2761A User’s Guide List of Tables Table 1-1 Synchronous Simultaneous Interface SSI connectorU2761A User’s Guide Carrier frequency for PSKU2761A User’s Guide XVIIIAgilent Technologies Getting StartedAgilent U2761A USB Modular Function Generator User’s Guide Introduction Various features of the U2761A1 Getting Started Product Outlook Product at a GlanceTop View U2761A User’s GuideRear View Front ViewUSB indicator Power indicator 10 MHz reference connector Trigger in connector Output connector Trigger out connectorDimensions Without Bumpers Product DimensionsTop View Front ViewTop View Dimensions With BumpersFront View 1 Getting StartedU2761A User’s Guide Standard Purchase ItemsGeneral Maintenance Inspection and MaintenanceInitial Inspection Electrical CheckInstallation Installation and ConfigurationN O TE U2761A User’s Guide1 Getting Started A. Check Your SystemHard-disk space 1 GB N O TE B. Install the IO Libraries SuiteN O TE U2761A User’s GuideN O TE C. Install the Module Driver1 Getting Started U2761A User’s Guide D. Install the Agilent Measurement Manager1 Getting Started N O TE10 Fill in the Customer Information Form accordingly and click Next N O TE E. Connect the Module to Your PCYes, this time only and click Next to proceed U2761A User’s GuideU2761A User’s Guide 1 Getting StartedN O TE Select Ignore to disable the warning messagefollow the instructions below Go to Start Control Panel and double-click System8 The Assign USB device alias window will appear. Each time the U2761A is plugged in, this dialog box will appear. To 1 Getting StartedN O TE F. Verify Your Module ConnectionU2761A User’s Guide 1 Getting Started Send Commands To This InstrumentN O TE G. Launch Your Agilent Measurement ManagerDouble-click the Measurement Manager software icon on softwareN O TE For more information on how to use the Measurement Manager, refer to1 Getting Started the Agilent Measurement Manager help fileSSI timing signal 55-Pin Backplane Connector Pin ConfigurationU2761A User’s Guide Getting Started1 Getting Started Chassis InstallationOutput Configuration Features and FunctionsPhase Modulation PM Phase-Shift Keying PSK ModulationIntroduction Output ConfigurationOutput Function 2 Features and FunctionsAmplitude Limitation Function LimitationU2761A User’s Guide 2 Features and Functions Soft Front Panel OperationWaveform pattern selection Waveform parameters Figure 2-1 U2761A soft front panelRemote Interface Operation Output FrequencyU2761A User’s Guide Duty Cycle Limitations Function Limitations2 Features and Functions Soft Front Panel OperationOffset Voltage Limitations Output AmplitudeLimits Due to Output Termination The default amplitude is 1 Vpp into 50 Ω for all functions2 Features and Functions Limits Due to Units SelectionSoft Front Panel Operation Figure 2-4 Panel view of the amplitude sectionLimits Due to Amplitude DC Offset VoltageThe default offset is 0 V for all functions Remote Interface OperationSoft Front Panel Operation 2 Features and FunctionsRemote Interface Operation Figure 2-5 Panel view of the DC offset sectionSoft Front Panel Operation Output UnitsRemote Interface Operation VOLTageUNIT VPPVRMSDBM2 Features and Functions Output TerminationRemote Interface Operation Soft Front Panel OperationFigure 2-6 Panel view of the Tools menu U2761A User’s GuideDuty Cycle Duty Cycle Square WavesLimits Due to Frequency 2 Features and FunctionsRemote Interface Operation Soft Front Panel OperationFigure 2-8 Panel view of the duty cycle section U2761A User’s Guide2 Features and Functions Symmetry Ramp WaveSoft Front Panel Operation 0% SymmetryRemote Interface Operation Output ControlSoft Front Panel Operation Figure 2-11 Panel view of the output section2 Features and Functions Set Output Using SCPI CommandsRemote Interface Operation Example 1, To output a DC voltageExample 3, To output a Square wave Example 2, To output a Sine waveU2761A User’s Guide Example 4, To output a Ramp wave 2 Features and FunctionsPulse Period Pulse WaveformSoft Front Panel Operation Remote Interface Operation2 Features and Functions Pulse WidthSoft Front Panel Operation Remote Interface OperationSoft Front Panel Operation Pulse Duty CycleRemote Interface Operation Duty Cycle = 100 ⋅ Pulse Width / Period2 Features and Functions Generate Pulse Waveform Using SCPI CommandsExample To Select AM Amplitude Modulation AMU2761A User’s Guide 2 Features and Functions Carrier WaveformSoft Front Panel Operation Remote Interface OperationRemote Interface Operation Carrier FrequencyFigure 2-16 Panel view of the Arbitrary waveform Table 2-3 Carrier frequency for AM2 Features and Functions Modulating WaveformThe default modulating waveform is Sine wave Soft Front Panel OperationModulation Depth Modulating Waveform Frequencydefault modulation depth is 100% N O TE2 Features and Functions Generate AM Using SCPI CommandsExample To Select FM Frequency Modulation FMU2761A User’s Guide Carrier Waveform 2 Features and FunctionsSoft Front Panel Operation Remote Interface OperationRemote Interface Operation Carrier FrequencyTable 2-4 Carrier frequency for FM U2761A User’s GuideModulating Waveform 2 Features and FunctionsSoft Front Panel Operation Remote Interface OperationModulating Waveform Frequency Frequency DeviationSoft Front Panel Operation Remote Interface Operation2 Features and Functions Generate FM Using SCPI CommandsSoft Front Panel Operation Remote Interface OperationTo Select PM Phase Modulation PMU2761A User’s Guide Carrier Waveform 2 Features and FunctionsSoft Front Panel Operation Remote Interface OperationRemote Interface Operation Carrier FrequencySoft Front Panel Operation Remote Interface OperationThe default waveform is Sine wave 2 Features and FunctionsModulating Waveform Modulating Waveform FrequencyGenerate PM Using SCPI Commands Phase Deviation0 to 360 . The default phase deviation setting is Soft Front Panel OperationTo Select FSK Modulation Frequency-Shift Keying FSK Modulation2 Features and Functions Soft Front Panel Operation Carrier WaveformRemote Interface Operation Soft Front Panel Operation2 Features and Functions FSK Carrier FrequencyRemote Interface Operation Soft Front Panel OperationSoft Front Panel Operation FSK “Hop” FrequencyRemote Interface Operation frequency is 100 Hz for all functionsFSK Rate Generate FSK Modulation Using SCPI Commands2 Features and Functions Soft Front Panel OperationTo Select PSK Modulation Phase-Shift Keying PSK ModulationU2761A User’s Guide Carrier Waveform 2 Features and FunctionsSoft Front Panel Operation Remote Interface OperationRemote Interface Operation PSK Carrier FrequencySoft Front Panel Operation Remote Interface OperationPSK Deviation PSK Rate2 Features and Functions Soft Front Panel OperationExample Generate PSK Modulation Using SCPI CommandsU2761A User’s Guide To Select ASK Modulation Amplitude-Shift Keying ASK Modulation2 Features and Functions Soft Front Panel Operation Carrier WaveformRemote Interface Operation Soft Front Panel OperationCarrier Frequency 2 Features and FunctionsRemote Interface Operation Soft Front Panel OperationASK Rate Generate ASK Modulation Using SCPI CommandsSoft Front Panel Operation Remote Interface OperationTo Select Sweep Frequency Sweep2 Features and Functions Soft Front Panel OperationRemote Interface Operation Start Frequency and Stop FrequencySoft Front Panel Operation Figure 2-28 Panel view of sweepSweep Time Sweep Mode2 Features and Functions Remote Interface OperationSoft Front Panel Operation Sweep Trigger SourceRemote Interface Operation Soft Front Panel Operation2 Features and Functions Set Frequency Sweep Using SCPI CommandsRemote Interface Operation ExampleTrigger Source Choices TriggeringSoft Front Panel Operation U2761A User’s GuideManual Triggering Internal Triggering2 Features and Functions Remote Interface OperationRemote Interface Operation External TriggeringSoft Front Panel Operation Remote Interface OperationTrigger Output Signal Trigger Input Signal2 Features and Functions Trigger in Rising edge shown Figure 2-29 Trigger input pulseRemote Interface Operation Soft Front Panel Operationfalling edge, select Positive for rising edge and U2761A User’s Guide2 Features and Functions Set Triggering Using SCPI CommandsExample To Create and Store an Arbitrary Waveform Arbitrary WaveformsU2761A User’s Guide 1 Select the Arbitrary waveform function 2 Features and Functions2 Set the waveform period 3 Set the waveform voltage limits7 Sending waveform to the U2761A 6 Start waveform editing process8 Saving the waveform 9 Exiting the waveform editorU2761A User’s Guide 2 Features and FunctionsProduct Characteristics Product Specifications and Characteristics Characteristics and SpecificationsAgilent Technologies Agilent U2761A USB Modular Function Generator User’s Guide3 Characteristics and Specifications Product CharacteristicsPOWER CONSUMPTION SAFETY COMPLIANCEWAVEFORM CHARACTERISTICS Sine Product Specifications and CharacteristicsWAVEFORMS SquarePulse Ramp, TriangleArbitrary 3 Characteristics and SpecificationsDC offset COMMON CHARACTERISTICS AmplitudeMain output Internal frequency reference3 Characteristics and Specifications MODULATION AMTRIGGER CHARACTERISTICS Trigger input SWEEP CHARACTERISTICSTrigger output U2761A User’s GuideU2761A User’s Guide 3 Characteristics and SpecificationsU2761A User’s Guide Indexlimits phase noise PML-Mount kit 7 offset. Refer to DC offsetAgilent Technologies, Inc First Edition, April 30 U2761-90000