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HP WaterSkis E1312A, WaterSkis E1412A manual Number of Power Line Cycles Nplc Resolution

Models: WaterSkis E1412A WaterSkis E1312A

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Resolution Resolution is expressed in terms of number of digits the multimeter can measure. You can set the resolution to 4½, 5½ or 6½-digits by specifying the integration time (PLCs or aperture time), which is the period the multimeter's analog-to-digital (A/D) converter samples the input signal for a measurement. To increase measurement accuracy and improve noise rejection, specify more PLCs (longer integration time). To increase measurement speed, specify fewer PLCs (shorter integration time).

This applies to all measurement functions.

The resolution for math operations is the same resolution for the measurement function being measured. Table 2-6 illustrates the correlation between Number of Power Line Cycles and Resolution. See the tables beginning on page 70 for detailed cross-reference of function ranges to resolution as a function of NPLCs or Aperture Time.

Table 2-6. Resolution of Power Line Cycles

	Number of Power Line Cycles (NPLC)	Resolution


	0.02	0.0001 X Full-Scale

	0.2	0.00001 X Full-Scale

	1	0.000003 X Full-Scale

	10	0.000001 X Full-Scale

	100	0.0000003 X Full-Scale

•Resolution is stored in volatile memory. The multimeter sets itself to 10 PLCs at power-on or after a module reset.

•DC voltage ratio measurements use both the HI-LO input terminals (input signal) and the HI-LO “ Ω 4W Sense” terminals (the reference signal). The resolution specified applies to the input signal applied to the HI-LO input terminals for ratio measurements and not the reference signal applied to the “Sense” terminals.

•Set the resolution using the following commands:

CONFigure:<function> <range>MINMAX,<resolution>MINMAX MEASure:<function>? <range>MINMAX,<resolution>MINMAX [SENSe:]<function> <resolution>MINMAX

38 HP E1312A/E1412A Multimeter Application Information

Chapter 2

Image 38

HP WaterSkis E1312A, WaterSkis E1412A manual Number of Power Line Cycles Nplc Resolution

Contents

Contents Frequency and Period Measurement Errors Zeroauto ZEROAUTO? IMMediate Chapter Multimeter Command Reference Appendix a Appendix B Contents HEWLETT-PACKARD Warranty Statement Documentation History Manufacturer’s Name July 31 Jim White, QA Manager Business Reply Mail Page HP E1312A and HP E1412A Multimeter Module Setup Using This ChapterSetting the Module Address Switch Checking the Line Frequency Reference Setting the Line Frequency ReferenceInterrupt Priority Page Switch Module Analog Bus Connections Multimeter Functional ConnectionsVoltage Measurement Connections Wire Ohms Measurement Connections HP E1312A and HP E1412A Multimeter Module Setup Chapter Initial OperationFunction Prototype HP E1312A and HP E1412A Multimeter Module Setup Chapter DC Voltage Measurements Thermal EMF ErrorsMeasurement Tutorial Loading Errors dc volts Leakage Current Errors Thermoelectric VoltagesRejecting Power Line Noise Voltages Common Mode Rejection CMRNoise Caused by Magnetic Loops Noise Caused by Ground LoopsWire Ohms Measurements Resistance MeasurementsSet to 2-wire ohms function Making High-Speed DC and Resistance Measurements Power Dissipation EffectsErrors in High Resistance Measurements DC Current Measurement Errors True RMS AC MeasurementsCrest Factor Errors non-sinusoidal inputs Common Crest Factors ExampleAC Measurements Below Full Scale Loading Errors ac voltsTemperature Coefficient Errors Function and Range Change Internal Offset CorrectionLow-Level Measurement Errors Voltage Measured = Vin2+ Noise2Making High-Speed AC Voltage or Current Measurements AC Current Measurement ErrorsFrequency and Period Measurement Errors Measurement Configuration AC Signal Filter DC Input ResistanceNumber of Power Line Cycles Nplc Resolution Chapter HP E1312A/E1412A Multimeter Application Information SENSeZEROAUTO Offonceon Math Operations CALCulate Subsystem Null Relative FunctionDB Measurements CONFfunctionStoring the dBm Reference Resistance Value DBm MeasurementsStoring the dB Reference Value HP E1312A/E1412A Multimeter Application Information Chapter Triggering the Multimeter TRIGgerSOURce EXTernal Checking the Trigger Source Bus Triggering Wait-for-Trigger StateExample Inserting a Trigger Delay Checking the Trigger Count Inserting a Trigger DelayExample Setting the Trigger Count Default Trigger Delays Checking the Sample Count Querying Delay Time Sample CountExample Setting the Sample Count HP E1312A and HP E1412A Multimeter Application Examples HP VTL Software VisaMEASure Command Making Multimeter MeasurementsMEASURE1 Source Code File MEASURE2 Source Code FileMEASURE3 Source Code File InitMEASURE4 Source Code File Synchronizing Multimeter With a Switch Module HP E1412A Multimeter and Switch Module SynchronizationSee -5 for the HP E1312A/E1412A Multimeter status system Check the multimeter for system errors Set up the MultimeterNow set up the switch module Retrieve the readings from the multimeterMultimeter Status System Examples Synchopc Source Code File RST CLS *ESE Init OPCSynchmav Source Code File RST Init FETC?Loop End Loop Check the multimeter for system errorsLimittst Source Code File Device Configuration Programming ExamplePage HP E1312A/E1412A Multimeter Application Information Chapter Command Format Command TypesCommon Command Format Separator CommandAbbreviated Commands Implied Commands Linking Commands ParametersMultimeter Range and Resolution Tables PLCAC Current Range versus Resolution Scpi Command ReferenceAC Voltage Range versus Resolution Aborting a Measurement Related Commands INITiate, TRIGgerABORt Valid Math/Measurement Function Combinations CALCulateSubsystem Syntax AVERageMAXimum? AVERageAVERage?AVERageCOUNt? AVERageMINimum?DBMREFerence DBREFerenceDBREFerence? DBMREFerence?Parameter Summary Example FUNCtionFUNCtion? Example Query the Calculate Math FunctionLIMitUPPer LIMitLOWerLIMitLOWer? LIMitUPPer?STATe NULLOFFSetNULLOFFSet? STATe?LFRequency CALibrationCOUNt? CommentsSECureCODE Example Query the Line Frequency SettingLFRequency? Example Enter a New Calibration Security CodeSTRing SECureSTATeSECureSTATe? Example Set the Calibration State to UnsecuredVALue? STRing?VALue Example Query the Calibration MessageZeroauto CALibration? CAL?CONFigure Command SettingDefault Settings for CONFigure Command by Function Function Range ResolutionCURRentAC Example Making AC Current MeasurementsCURRentDC Example Making DC Current MeasurementsResolutionMINMAXDEF selects the frequency function Example Making 4-Wire Ohms Measurements FRESistancePERiod Resolution Minmaxdef Example Making 2-Wire Ohms MeasurementsVOLTageAC Example Making AC Voltage MeasurementsVOLTageDC Example Making DC Voltage MeasurementsVOLTageDCRATio Sense HI and LO inputCONFigure? String ReturnedData POINts?FETCh? Example Transferring Stored Readings to Output BufferExample Placing Multimeter in Wait-For-Trigger State INITiateIMMediate IMPedanceAUTO Example Query the Input Impedance ModeINPut IMPedanceAUTO?MEASure CURRentAC? MEASCURRAC? 1,MAXCURRentDC? MEASCURRDC? .1,MAXFREQuency? FRESistance? MEASFRES? 1500,MAXPERiod? RESistance? VOLTageAC? VOLTageDC? VOLTageDCRATio? Example Making DC Voltage Ratio MeasurementsRST Condition OUTPTTLTn OFF OUTPutTTLTrgSTATe Example Query Voltmeter Complete Destination TTLTrgSTATe?Example Route Voltmeter Complete to Trigger Line READ? Example Transfer Readings Directly to Output BufferRST Condition Sampcoun Example Set the Sample Count SAMPleCOUNt Example Query the Sample Count SAMPCOUN?SENSe Zero Auto Offonceon AUTO? Example Query the Measurement Function FunctionExample Query the AC Current Measurement Range CURRentACRANGeCURRentACRANGe? CURRentACRANGeAUTO Example Disable AC Current AutorangingExample Query the AC Current Autorange Mode CURRentACRANGeAUTO?CURRentACRESolution CURRentACRESolution?Example Set an Aperture Time of 16.7ms CURRentDCAPERtureCURRentDCAPERture? Example Query the Aperture TimeExample Query the DC Current Integration Time CURRentDCNPLCCURRentDCNPLC? Example Set the DC Current Range to 3A CURRentDCRANGeCURRentDCRANGe? Example Query the DC Current Measurement RangeCURRentDCRANGeAUTO Example Disable DC Current AutorangingExample Query the DC Current Autorange Mode CURRentDCRANGeAUTO?CURRentDCRESolution CURRentDCRESolution?DETectorBANDwidth FREQuencyAPERture? DETectorBANDwidth?FREQuencyAPERture Example Query the Detector BandwidthExample Set the Voltage Range for Frequency Measurements to FREQuencyVOLTageRANGeFREQuencyVOLTageRANGe? Example Query the Measurement RangeFREQuencyVOLTageRANGeAUTO Example Disable AutorangingExample Query the Autorange Mode FREQuencyVOLTageRANGeAUTO?FRESistanceAPERture FRESistanceAPERture?Example Query the Integration Time FRESistanceNPLCFRESistanceNPLC? FRESistanceRANGe FRESistanceRANGe?FRESistanceRANGeAUTO FRESistanceRANGeAUTO?Example Query the Resolution FRESistanceRESolutionFRESistanceRESolution? RST Condition Fresres 1mΩ 1E-03RST Condition 0.1 100ms Example Set the Aperture Time PERiodAPERturePERiodAPERture? Example Set the Voltage Range for Period Measurements to PERiodVOLTageRANGePERiodVOLTageRANGe? Example Query the Period Voltage RangePERiodVOLTageRANGeAUTO PERiodVOLTageRANGeAUTO?RESistanceAPERture RESistanceAPERture?RESistanceNPLC RESistanceNPLC?RST Condition Resrang 1kΩ Example Change the Range RESistanceRANGeRESistanceRANGe? RESistanceRANGeAUTO RESistanceRANGeAUTO?Example Change the Resolution RESistanceRESolutionRESistanceRESolution? VOLTageACRANGe VOLTageACRANGe?VOLTageACRANGeAUTO? Example Disable AC Voltage AutorangingVOLTageACRANGeAUTO RST Condition 1E-04 Example Change the Resolution VOLTageACRESolutionVOLTageACRESolution? VOLTageDCAPERture VOLTageDCAPERture?VOLTageDCNPLC VOLTageDCNPLC?VOLTageDCRANGe VOLTageDCRANGe?VOLTageDCRANGeAUTO VOLTageDCRANGeAUTO?VOLTageDCRESolution VOLTageDCRESolution?Example Disable Autozero Example Query the Autozero ModeSTATus PRESetQUEStionableENABle QUEStionableCONDition?QUEStionableENABle? QUEStionableEVENt?SYSTem ERRor?Example Reading the Error Queue VERSion?TRIGger RST Condition Trigcoun Example Set the Trigger CountExample Query the Trigger Count DELayExample Set the Trigger Delay Example Query the Trigger Delay DELay?DELayAUTO Example Disable Automatic Trigger DelayDELayAUTO? Example Query the Trigger Delay ModeExample Set the Sample Source Related Commands INITiate, READ?, MEAS?SOURce SOURce? Example Query the Trigger SourceIeee 488.2 Common Command Quick Reference Category Command Title DescriptionExample Enable All Error Events ESE and *ESE?ESR? SRE and *SRE? RST does not affectSTB? Scpi Command Quick Reference HP E1412A C-size 6½-Digit MultimetersData 67sMINMAX Zeroauto Offonceon HP E1312A and HP E1412A Multimeter Specifications DC CharacteristicsMeasuring Characteristics 60 Hz 50 HzOperating Characteristics AC Characteristics True RMS ACTrue RMS AC Voltage System Speeds 10 Frequency and Period Characteristics Accuracy Specifications ±% of reading 1Configuration Rates 14/sec Autorange Time General Specifications To Calculate Total Measurement Error Understanding the % of reading ErrorTotal Measurement Error Interpreting Multimeter Specifications Number of Digits and OverrangeAccuracy Configuring for High Accuracy Measurements DC Voltage, DC Current, and Resistance MeasurementsExecution Errors 121Invalid character in number 112Program mnemonic too long113Undefined header 123Numeric overflow221Settings conflict To -168Block data errorsTo -178Expression errors 211Trigger ignored440Query Unterminated after indefinite response 350Too many errors330Self-test failed Cannot achieve requested resolution Cannot use overload as math referenceCal secured Cal signal measurement out of rangeCal signal frequency out of range Invalid secure codeNo cal for this function or range HP E1312A and HP E1412A Multimeter Error Messages Appendix B Measurement Speed and Accuracy Trade-offs Measurement Speed and Accuracy Trade-offs Appendix C HP E1312A/E1412 Special Function Avoid Function Changes Avoid Aperture Changes Minimize Number Command Response SessionsGeneral Guidelines for Increasing Measurement Speed Set Autozero to Once or OFF Turn Autorange Decrease Aperture Time or NPLCsSetting the Resolution INITFETCH?Index 197 Index 124 Index Index Error, 180 See online help Cycles, 27, 38, 123, 132, 140 Errors 130 Setting resolution, 15, 38 160 Index