
122Close Combat
Let Loose the Dogs of War: World War II Begins
On August 23, 1939 Germany and the Soviet Union sign a nonaggression pact that secretly divides Poland, Lithuania, Finland, Estonia, and Latvia between them. Neither side announces the pact’s existence for almost a month.
World War II begins at 0445 hours on September 1, 1939 when 53 German divisions smash into Poland from the west. The attacking Germans introduce a new word to the world vocabulary:
The Poles refuse a demand for their surrender on September 16. The next day, Soviet forces attack from the east, knifing through Polish units pared of troops to fight the Germans. By October 3 Polish resistance is crushed. About 900,000 Polish soldiers are taken prisoner; the number killed, wounded, or missing in action is unknown. The Germans report only 40,000 casualties, the Soviets
far fewer.
Germany’s blitzkrieg tactics prove devastatingly effective. While tanks play a leading role in the conquest of Poland, official reports give more credit to traditional infantry forces.
German armor on the road into Poland