INTERFACING WITH EXTERNAL MEMORY

CCR1

no direct access

The chip configuration 1 (CCR1) register enables the watchdog timer and selects the bus timing mode. Two of its bits combine with three bits of CCR0 to control wait states and bus width. Another bit controls whether CCR2 is loaded.

7

MSEL1

MSEL0

0

1

 

 

 

 

0

WDE

BW1

IRC2

LDCCB2

 

 

 

 

Bit

Bit

 

 

Function

Number

Mnemonic

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7:6

MSEL1:0

External Access Timing Mode Select

 

 

These bits control the bus-timing modes.

 

 

MSEL1 MSEL0

 

 

0

0

standard mode plus one wait state

 

 

0

1

reserved

 

 

1

0

reserved

 

 

1

1

standard mode

 

 

 

5

0

To guarantee proper operation, write zero to this bit.

 

 

 

4

1

To guarantee proper operation, write one to this bit.

 

 

 

3

WDE

Watchdog Timer Enable

 

 

Selects whether the watchdog timer is always enabled or enabled the

 

 

first time it is cleared.

 

 

0

= always enabled

 

 

1

= enabled first time it is cleared

 

 

 

2

BW1

Buswidth Control

 

 

This bit, along with the BW0 bit (CCR0.1), selects the bus width.

 

 

BW1 BW0

 

 

 

0

0

illegal

 

 

0

1

16-bit only

 

 

1

0

8-bit only

 

 

1

1

BUSWIDTH pin controlled

 

 

 

 

 

The CCRs are loaded with the contents of the chip configuration bytes (CCBs) after reset, unless the microcontroller is entering programming modes, in which case the programming chip configuration bytes (PCCBs) are used. The CCBs reside in internal nonvolatile memory at addresses FF2018H (CCB0), FF201AH (CCB1), and FF201CH (CCB2).

Figure 9-2. Chip Configuration 1 (CCR1) Register

9-3

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Intel 87C196CB, 8XC196NT user manual CCR1, MSEL1 MSEL0 WDE BW1 IRC2 LDCCB2, MSEL10, BW1 BW0

8XC196NT, 87C196CB specifications

The Intel 87C196CB and 8XC196NT are microcontrollers from the C196 family, which was designed to meet the demands of embedded control technology. These microcontrollers are popular in various applications due to their robust architecture, extensive I/O capabilities, and specialized functionality, making them ideal for automotive, industrial, and communication systems.

The 87C196CB is distinguished by its 16-bit architecture, offering a balance of processing power and efficiency. It features a 16-bit data bus, which allows for fast data processing, and a 16-bit address bus, supporting up to 64KB of program memory. The microcontroller integrates on-chip memory, including 2KB of ROM and 128 bytes of RAM, which facilitates faster execution of programs and data handling.

One of the standout features of the 87C196CB is its versatility in I/O operations. It comes equipped with 32 general-purpose I/O lines that can be configured for various functions, including input, output, and interrupt handling. This flexibility enables developers to optimize the microcontroller for their specific application needs.

The 8XC196NT builds on the capabilities of its predecessor, offering advanced functionalities such as an enhanced instruction set and integrated peripherals. It includes additional features like timers, serial communication interfaces, and analog-to-digital converters, which expand its usability in complex embedded systems. The 8XC196NT supports multiple addressing modes, allowing for more efficient programming and memory management.

Both microcontrollers utilize innovative technologies that improve performance and power efficiency. The on-chip operating system support aids in real-time processing and multitasking, making them suitable for time-sensitive applications. Power management features are also incorporated, allowing these microcontrollers to operate in low-power modes, which is crucial for battery-operated devices.

The 87C196CB and 8XC196NT microcontrollers are characterized by their reliability and long service life, meeting the stringent demands of industrial applications. Their ability to perform tasks rapidly, combined with their diverse peripheral support, makes them popular choices among engineers and developers designing embedded systems. Overall, the Intel 87C196CB and 8XC196NT microcontrollers remain relevant in the rapidly evolving landscape of embedded technology, facilitating innovative solutions across various industries.