GLOSSARY

sample delay

The time period between the time that A/D converter

 

 

receives the “start conversion” signal and the time

 

 

that the sample capacitor is connected to the selected

 

 

channel.

sample delay uncertainty

The variation in the sample delay.

sample time

The period of time that the sample window is open.

 

 

(That is, the length of time that the input channel is

 

 

actually connected to the sample capacitor.)

sample time uncertainty

The variation in the sample time.

sample window

The period of time that begins when the sample

 

 

capacitor is attached to a selected channel of an A/D

 

 

converter and ends when the sample capacitor is

 

 

disconnected from the selected channel.

sampled inputs

All input pins, with the exception of RESET#, are

 

 

sampled inputs. The input pin is sampled one state

 

 

time before the read buffer is enabled. Sampling

 

 

occurs during PH1 (while CLKOUT is low) and

 

 

resolves the value (high or low) of the pin before it is

 

 

presented to the internal bus. If the pin value changes

 

 

during the sample time, the new value may or may not

 

 

be recorded during the read.

 

 

RESET# is a level-sensitive input. EXTINT is

 

 

normally a sampled input; however, the powerdown

 

 

circuitry uses EXTINT as a level-sensitive input

 

 

during powerdown mode.

SAR

Successive approximation register. A component of

 

 

the A/D converter.

set

The “1” value of a bit or the act of giving it a “1”

 

 

value. See also clear.

SFR

Special-function register.

SHORT-INTEGER

An 8-bit, signed variable with values from –2 7

 

 

through +27–1.

sign extension

A method for converting data to a larger format by

 

 

filling the upper bit positions with the value of the

 

 

sign. This conversion preserves the positive or

 

 

negative value of signed integers.

sink current

Current flowing into a device to ground. Always a

 

 

positive value.

 

 

Glossary-9

 

 

 

 

 

Page 148
Image 148
Intel 87C196CB Sample delay uncertainty, Sample time uncertainty, Sample window, Sampled inputs, Set, Sink current

8XC196NT, 87C196CB specifications

The Intel 87C196CB and 8XC196NT are microcontrollers from the C196 family, which was designed to meet the demands of embedded control technology. These microcontrollers are popular in various applications due to their robust architecture, extensive I/O capabilities, and specialized functionality, making them ideal for automotive, industrial, and communication systems.

The 87C196CB is distinguished by its 16-bit architecture, offering a balance of processing power and efficiency. It features a 16-bit data bus, which allows for fast data processing, and a 16-bit address bus, supporting up to 64KB of program memory. The microcontroller integrates on-chip memory, including 2KB of ROM and 128 bytes of RAM, which facilitates faster execution of programs and data handling.

One of the standout features of the 87C196CB is its versatility in I/O operations. It comes equipped with 32 general-purpose I/O lines that can be configured for various functions, including input, output, and interrupt handling. This flexibility enables developers to optimize the microcontroller for their specific application needs.

The 8XC196NT builds on the capabilities of its predecessor, offering advanced functionalities such as an enhanced instruction set and integrated peripherals. It includes additional features like timers, serial communication interfaces, and analog-to-digital converters, which expand its usability in complex embedded systems. The 8XC196NT supports multiple addressing modes, allowing for more efficient programming and memory management.

Both microcontrollers utilize innovative technologies that improve performance and power efficiency. The on-chip operating system support aids in real-time processing and multitasking, making them suitable for time-sensitive applications. Power management features are also incorporated, allowing these microcontrollers to operate in low-power modes, which is crucial for battery-operated devices.

The 87C196CB and 8XC196NT microcontrollers are characterized by their reliability and long service life, meeting the stringent demands of industrial applications. Their ability to perform tasks rapidly, combined with their diverse peripheral support, makes them popular choices among engineers and developers designing embedded systems. Overall, the Intel 87C196CB and 8XC196NT microcontrollers remain relevant in the rapidly evolving landscape of embedded technology, facilitating innovative solutions across various industries.