CHAPTER 3

MEMORY PARTITIONS

This chapter describes the differences in the address space of the 87C196CB from that of the 8XC196NT. The 87C196CB has 56 Kbytes of one-time-programmable read-only memory (OT- PROM), while the 8XC196NT is available with 32 Kbytes. The 87C196CB also has an additional 512 bytes of register RAM.

The 87C196CB is available in either an 84-pin or a 100-pin package. The 84-pin 87C196CB, like the 8XC196NT, has up to 20 external address lines, enabling access to 1 Mbyte of linear address space. The 100-pin 87C196CB has four additional pins available for external address lines. With all 24 external address lines connected (A23:16 and AD15:0), the 100-pin 87C196CB can access 16 Mbytes of linear address space.

3.1MEMORY MAP, SPECIAL-FUNCTION REGISTERS, AND WINDOWING

Table 3-1 compares the register file addresses of the 8XC196NT and 87C196CB. Table 3-2 is a memory map of the 87C196CB. Table 3-3 lists the 87C196CB’s peripheral SFRs (these are the same as those of the 8XC196NT). Table 3-4 lists the CAN peripheral SFRs, which are unique to the 87C196CB. Tables 3-5 through 3-9 provide the information necessary to window higher memory into the lower register file for direct access.

Table 3-1. Register File Memory Addresses

Device and Hex

 

 

Address Range

Description

Addressing Modes

 

 

CB

NT

 

 

 

 

 

 

1DFF

Register RAM

Indirect, indexed, or windowed direct

1C00

 

 

 

03FF

03FF

Upper register file (register RAM)

Indirect, indexed, or windowed direct

0100

0100

 

 

00FF

00FF

Lower register file (register RAM)

Direct, indirect, or indexed

001A

001A

 

 

0019

0019

Lower register file (stack pointer)

Direct, indirect, or indexed

0018

0018

 

 

0017

0017

Lower register file (CPU SFRs)

Direct, indirect, or indexed

0000

0000

 

 

.

.

3-1

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Intel 87C196CB, 8XC196NT user manual Chapter Memory Partitions, Memory MAP, SPECIAL-FUNCTION REGISTERS, and Windowing, 1DFF

8XC196NT, 87C196CB specifications

The Intel 87C196CB and 8XC196NT are microcontrollers from the C196 family, which was designed to meet the demands of embedded control technology. These microcontrollers are popular in various applications due to their robust architecture, extensive I/O capabilities, and specialized functionality, making them ideal for automotive, industrial, and communication systems.

The 87C196CB is distinguished by its 16-bit architecture, offering a balance of processing power and efficiency. It features a 16-bit data bus, which allows for fast data processing, and a 16-bit address bus, supporting up to 64KB of program memory. The microcontroller integrates on-chip memory, including 2KB of ROM and 128 bytes of RAM, which facilitates faster execution of programs and data handling.

One of the standout features of the 87C196CB is its versatility in I/O operations. It comes equipped with 32 general-purpose I/O lines that can be configured for various functions, including input, output, and interrupt handling. This flexibility enables developers to optimize the microcontroller for their specific application needs.

The 8XC196NT builds on the capabilities of its predecessor, offering advanced functionalities such as an enhanced instruction set and integrated peripherals. It includes additional features like timers, serial communication interfaces, and analog-to-digital converters, which expand its usability in complex embedded systems. The 8XC196NT supports multiple addressing modes, allowing for more efficient programming and memory management.

Both microcontrollers utilize innovative technologies that improve performance and power efficiency. The on-chip operating system support aids in real-time processing and multitasking, making them suitable for time-sensitive applications. Power management features are also incorporated, allowing these microcontrollers to operate in low-power modes, which is crucial for battery-operated devices.

The 87C196CB and 8XC196NT microcontrollers are characterized by their reliability and long service life, meeting the stringent demands of industrial applications. Their ability to perform tasks rapidly, combined with their diverse peripheral support, makes them popular choices among engineers and developers designing embedded systems. Overall, the Intel 87C196CB and 8XC196NT microcontrollers remain relevant in the rapidly evolving landscape of embedded technology, facilitating innovative solutions across various industries.