Average Mode | Agilent Technologies 24A, 54621D, 42A, 54621A, 22A, 41A

MegaZoom Concepts and Oscilloscope Operation

Acquisition Modes

Average Mode

Averaging lets you average multiple triggers together to reduce noise and increase resolution. Averaging of multiple triggers requires a stable trigger. The number of triggers being averaged is displayed in the # Avgs softkey.

•Turn the Entry knob to set the number of averages (# Avgs) that best eliminates the noise from the displayed waveform.

The number of averages can be set from 1 to 16383 in powers-of-2 increments. The higher the number of averages you set, the more noise reduction and resolution enhancement will be accomplished.

# Avgs	Bits of resolution
1	8
4	9
16	10
64	11
256	12

Smoothing (# Avgs=1) or High-resolution mode

The term smoothing is an oversampling technique used when the digitizer sampling rate is faster than the rate at which samples are being stored into acquisition memory. For example, if the oscilloscope is sampling at 200 MSa/s, yet storing the samples at 1 MSa/s, it needs to store only 1 out of every 200 samples. When smoothing is used, the slower the sweep speed, the greater the number of samples that are averaged together for each display point. This tends to reduce random noise on the input signal, which produces a smoother trace on the screen.

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Agilent Technologies 24A, 54621D, 42A, 54621A, 22A, 41A manual Average Mode, Smoothing # Avgs=1 or High-resolution mode

Contents

Agilent 54621D/22D/41D/42D Mixed-Signal Oscilloscopes Horizontal Controls select sweep speed and delay parameters Display shows current input signalsSoftkeys extend the functionality of command keys Utilities This Book Page Contents Trigger Types Contents Run/Stop/Single/Infinite Persistence Operation Using Labels on the Mixed-Signal Oscilloscope Capturing Data Saving and Recalling Traces and SetupsMath Functions Cursor Measurements Utilities Contents-6 Getting Started Getting Started Getting Started Setting up the Oscilloscope To inspect package contents To inspect package contents Package contents for 54620/40-Series Oscilloscopes To inspect options and accessories To inspect options and accessories Model Description To inspect options and accessories Accessories available Plug Type Cable Part Number To inspect options and accessories Power Cords Disconnect power from the instrument To clean the oscilloscopeTo clean the oscilloscope To adjust the handle To adjust the handle Press the power switch To power-on the oscilloscopeTo power-on the oscilloscope To adjust the waveform intensity To adjust the waveform intensity To connect the oscilloscope analog probes To connect the oscilloscope analog probes To compensate your analog probe To compensate your analog probePress Autoscale To use the digital probes mixed-signal oscilloscope only To use the digital probes mixed-signal oscilloscope only Connect the clip to a node in the circuit you want to test Signal Lead Ground Lead Clip Signals Ground To connect an RS-232 cable To connect a printerTo connect a printer Press the Autoscale key on the front panel To verify basic oscilloscope operationTo verify basic oscilloscope operation Getting started using the oscilloscope interface To verify basic oscilloscope operation Using Quick Help Getting Started Loading an updated language file from floppy disk Loading an updated language file from floppy diskPage Front-Panel Overview Front-Panel Overview Using Auto trigger mode versus Normal trigger mode Using Single versus Run/StopViewing signal detail with acquire mode Important Oscilloscope Considerations Important Oscilloscope Considerations Using Vectors Display menu Post Acquisition Processing Delayed Sweep 54620/40-series Oscilloscope Front Panels 54620/40-series Oscilloscope Front Panels 54624A 4-Channel Oscilloscope Front Panel Entry knob Autoscale key Softkeys 54621D, 54622D D, and 54642D digital channels Front-Panel Operation Interpreting the display Interpreting the display To use analog channels to view a signal To use analog channels to view a signalExample To use digital channels to view a signal To use digital channels to view a signal To display signals automatically using Autoscale To display signals automatically using AutoscaleHow Autoscale Works Undo Autoscale To apply the default factory configuration To apply the default factory configuration Center the signal on the display using the position knob To adjust analog channel vertical scaling and positionTo adjust analog channel vertical scaling and position Measurement Hints To set analog channel probe attenuation factor To set the vertical expand reference for the analog signalExpand About Center To display and rearrange the digital channels To display and rearrange the digital channels To operate the time base controls Press the Main/Delayed, then press the Vernier softkeyTo operate the time base controls To start and stop an acquisition First set trigger Mode/Coupling Mode softkey to NormalTo make a single acquisition To start and stop an acquisition Press the Delayed softkey To use delayed sweepTo use delayed sweep Press Main/Delayed To make cursor measurements To make cursor measurements Choose what measurement you want on that source by pressing To make automatic measurementsTo make automatic measurements To print the display To modify the display gridTo modify the display grid Triggering the Oscilloscope Triggering the Oscilloscope Trigger Out connector Selecting Trigger Modes and Conditions To select the Mode and Coupling menu To select a trigger mode Normal, Auto, Auto Level To select a trigger mode Normal, Auto, Auto LevelAuto Level and Auto modes Normal mode To select Noise Reject and HF Reject To select trigger CouplingTo select trigger Coupling To set holdoff To set holdoff To set holdoff Holdoff Operating Hints External Trigger Input External Trigger Probe SettingsExternal Trigger Input Previous menu MegaZoom Technology Simplifies Triggering Trigger Types Select 1, 2, Ext, or Line as the trigger source To use Edge triggeringTo use Edge triggering To use Edge triggering To use Pulse Width triggering To use Pulse Width triggering Press the qualifier softkey to select the time qualifier Qualifier time set softkey Qualifiers can be set as follows To use Pattern triggering To use Pattern triggering Specifying an Edge in a Pattern To use can triggering To use can triggering Press the Trigger softkey to select the trigger condition Press the Baud softkey to set the can signal baud rate To use Duration triggering To use Duration triggering To use Duration triggering When the duration trigger occurs To use I2C triggering To use I2C triggering Ack Data Stop Start Address R/W Condition Frame Start Addr7 Read Ack Data or Condition 26th clock edge To use I2C triggering To use Sequence triggering To use Sequence triggering Sequence Selected Press the Find softkey and select the Find stage condition Press the Stage softkey and select FindEdge Pattern 1 and Edge Edge Pattern 2 and Edge Nth Edge Press the Stage softkey and select Trigger on Edge 1 or Pattern 1 and Edge Timeout Press the Stage softkey and select Reset on To use Sequence triggering To use SPI triggering To use SPI triggering Resetting all bits in the serial data string to one value Assign source channels to the clock, data, and frame signals To use SPI triggering To use SPI triggering To use TV triggering To use TV triggering To use TV triggering Provide Correct Matching Press the Mode softkey to select the TV triggering mode TV standard Field Alt Field Alternate Triggering To trigger on a specific line of video Line Number Represents Count Line Numbers per Field for Each TV Standard To trigger on all TV line sync pulses To trigger on a specific field of the video signal To trigger on all fields of the video signal To trigger on odd or even fields Holdoff Settings To use USB triggering To use USB triggering To use USB triggering Trigger Out connector MegaZoom Concepts and Oscilloscope Operation MegaZoom Concepts and Oscilloscope Operation MegaZoom Concepts Deep Memory Deep MemoryMemory depth values Oscilloscope Responsiveness Oscilloscope ResponsivenessMegaZoom Technology Display Update Rate Display Update Rate To setup the Analog channels To setup the Analog channelsTurning channels off To setup the Analog channels Press the BW Limit softkey to turn on bandwidth limiting Press the Imped impedance softkeyPress the Invert softkey to inverted the selected channel Press the Probe softkey to display the channel probe menu Press the Main softkey to select Main horizontal mode To setup the Horizontal time baseTo setup the Horizontal time base Main mode Press the Vernier softkey to turn on the time base vernier To setup the Horizontal time base Delayed mode To setup the Horizontal time base XY mode Roll mode Press the Acquire key to display the Acquire menu Acquisition ModesAcquisition Modes Peak Detect All points displayed after Single or Stop Smoothing # Avgs=1 or High-resolution mode Average Mode Realtime Mode Press the Display key to view the Display menu Display modesInfinite Persistence Clear display Vectors On/Off Pan and Zoom Pan and ZoomZoom To pan and zoom a waveform To pan and zoom a waveform Run/Stop/Single/Infinite Persistence Operation Acquiring Data Acquiring DataSingle versus Run/Stop Memory Depth/Record Length Memory Depth/Record LengthRun/Stop versus Single Single To take a single trace To run and stop an acquisitionPress the Single key To run and stop an acquisition To capture a single event Connect a signal to the oscilloscope Set up the triggerTo capture a single event Operating Hints To use infinite persistence To use infinite persistenceClearing stored infinite persistence waveforms Press the Display key, then press the Clear Display softkey To clear the waveform displayTo clear the waveform display To display digital channels using Autoscale Configuring the Mixed-Signal Oscilloscope Interpreting the digital waveform display Activity indicatorInterpreting the digital waveform display List of stacked channels To turn individual channels on and off To turn individual channels on and off To change the display size of the digital channels To force all channels on or all channels offPress the Turn on or Turn off softkey Displayed To change the logic threshold for digital channels To change the logic threshold for digital channels Using Digital Channels to Probe Circuits Using Digital Channels to Probe CircuitsInput Impedance High-Frequency Probe Equivalent Circuit Probe Grounding Best Probing Practices Using Labels on the Mixed-Signal Oscilloscope To turn the label display on or off To turn the label display on or off Press the Label key To assign a predefined label to a channelTo assign a predefined label to a channel To define a new label Label Assignment Auto-Increment FeaturesTo define a new label To define a new label Label List Management Press the Default Library softkey To reset the label library to the factory defaultTo reset the label library to the factory default Defaulting labels without erasing the default library Press the Save/Recall key to display the Save/Recall menu Saving and Recalling Traces and SetupsMaking a hardcopy print To Autosave traces and setups To Autosave traces and setups MegaZoom Concepts and Oscilloscope Operation To save traces and setups to a new file on the floppy disk To save traces and setups to a new file on the floppy diskTo create a new file name, press the New File softkey To recall traces and setups To recall traces and setupsRecalling overwrites current settings Press the CSV, TIF, or BMP softkey Saving printing screen images to floppy diskSaving printing screen images to floppy disk Recalling the factory default setup Recalling the factory default setup Making Measurements Concepts about the 54620/40-series Oscilloscopes Making Measurements Capturing Data Main and Delayed Sweep Making Measurements To use delayed sweep To reduce the random noise on a signal To reduce the random noise on a signal LF Reject Press the Acquire key, then press the Averaging softkey Use averaging to reduce noise on the displayed waveform Smoothing # Avgs=1 or High-resolution mode Making Measurements Characterize the glitch with delayed sweep Press the Main/Delayed key, then press the Roll softkey To use the Roll horizontal modeTo use the Roll horizontal mode To use the XY horizontal mode To use the XY horizontal mode Signal centered on the display Calculate the phase difference using the formula below Signals are 90 out of phase Signals are in phase Math Operating Hints Math Functions Math Scale and Offset Math Scale and OffsetMath Scale and Offset are Set Automatically Multiply Multiply Subtract Subtract Differentiate Differentiate Figure below shows an example of differentiate Integrate Integrate Integrate and Signal Offset FFT Measurement FFT Measurement Aliasing FFT Operation Scale and offset considerations FFT Measurement Hints FFT Measurement FFT Measurement Hints Cursor Measurements To make cursor measurements Select the X and Y softkeys to make a measurement Cursor Examples Cursors measure frequency of pulse ringing Measuring pulse width with cursors Automatic Measurements Phase DelayAverage Amplitude Base Maximum Minimum Peak-to-Peak RMS Top Preshoot Overshoot Making automatic measurements Making automatic measurements Making time measurements automatically Making time measurements automaticallyFFT measurements Digital channel time measurements Duty Cycle CounterFrequency Period Rise Time Making time measurements automatically Fall Time+ Width Width Isolating an event for frequency measurement Making time measurements automatically At Min Making Delay and Phase Measurements Making Delay and Phase MeasurementsDelay Digital channel measurements Phase Measurement Making voltage measurements automatically Making voltage measurements automaticallyMath Measurements and Units Measurement definitions Top Using delayed sweep to isolate a pulse for Top measurement Making overshoot and preshoot measurements Making overshoot and preshoot measurementsPreshoot Making overshoot and preshoot measurements Overshoot Page Utilities Utilities To configure Quick Help languages To configure Quick Help languages Language Info softkey Loading an updated language file from floppy disk To update your instrument to the latest application software To configure a printer To configure a printerPress the Format softkey to select the print format Scale factors CSV lengthGray scale printing Form feed To use the floppy disk Deleted files cannot be recoveredTo use the floppy disk To set up the I/O port to use a controller To set up the I/O port to use a controllerPress the XON DTR softkey to set the RS-232 handshake Press the Baud softkey to set the RS-232 baud rate RS-232 Connections Pin Number Signal To set the clock To set the clock To set up the screen saver To set up the screen saverPress the Saver softkey to select the screen saver type To set up the screen saver To perform service functions To perform service functionsPress Start User Cal to start the routine User Cal Self test User Cal StatusAbout Oscilloscope To set other options Default Library softkey mixed-signal oscilloscopes onlyTo set other options Expand softkey Performance Characteristics Performance Characteristics Acquisition Analog Channels Agilent 54620-series Performance CharacteristicsAcquisition Digital Channels on 54621D and 54622D only Vertical System Analog Channels Agilent 54620-series Performance Characteristics Accuracy = ±2.0%80 mV + 0.4%80 mV = ±1.92 mV Vertical System Digital Channels 54621D and 54622D only Sample rate of 200/400 MSa/s Horizontal Can Trigger System Digital D15 D0 Channel Triggering 54621D and 5462 2D Analog Channel TriggeringExternal EXT Triggering Display System Measurement Features Storage FFT Power Requirements General CharacteristicsInstallation categories Agilent 54620-series Performance Characteristics Acquisition Digital Channels on 54641D and 54642D only Agilent 54640-series Performance Characteristics Agilent 54640-series Performance Characteristics Vertical System Digital Channels 54641D and 54642D only Range Ns/div to 50 s/div Resolution Vernier Minimum pulse width setting 2 ns Digital D15 D0 Channel Triggering 54641D and 54642D Display System Window Rectangular, Flattop, Hanning Noise Floor General Characteristics Page Numerics Index Missing acknowledge condition, I2C trigger Index Index-3 Index-4 Declaration of Conformity EMC Product Regulations Declaration of Conformity Product Regulations Safety Agilent Technologies, Inc Document Warranty