Liebert 30-130kVA manual General Component Description, UPS Module, Battery System

Theory of Operation

2.0THEORY OF OPERATION

2.1General Component Description

The UPS system includes all of the equipment necessary to continuously provide computer- grade AC power to a critical load, even when there is an interruption of the utility line power. It consists of the UPS modules and a back-up battery plant. Refer to Figure 2.

2.1.1UPS Module

The UPS module consists of system controls, a rectifier/charger, an inverter, protective devices, and other accessories.

System Controls: The system control logic automatically manages critical bus operation and monitors performance of the UPS module. Microprocessor technology and dedicated firmware provide advanced logic control and a comprehensive display of information. The UPS module status is displayed locally. Optional ports permit communicating with external devices.

Rectifier/Charger: The rectifier/charger converts utility power from AC to DC to charge the battery and provide the DC input to the inverter. Its design limits reflected harmonic current distortion to source power and provides low-ripple DC power for charging batteries.

Inverter: The inverter converts DC power into the precise AC power required to supply a sensitive critical load. The inverter converts DC power into a pulse-width-modulated (PWM) that is easily fil- tered into a clean sine wave output. The PWM also minimizes the harmonic voltage distortion caused by typical switching power supplies and other nonlinear load components used in computers and related electronics.

Static Bypass Switch: The static (solid-state) bypass switch immediately transfers the load from the inverter to the bypass AC power source in the event of a severe overload on the system or a failure within the UPS. This transfer takes place without any interruption of the power supplied to the load. The system includes redundant circuits to detect and isolate shorted SCRs in the static switch.

Bypass Circuit: The bypass circuit consists of switches and associated synchronizing and control cir- cuitry to transfer the load to/from the bypass source.

2.1.2Battery System

The battery is used as the alternate source of power to supply DC power to the inverter if the AC sup- ply voltage is outside the acceptable range. The battery supplies power to the inverter until the utility power is restored or until an alternate power source is available. If AC source power is not restored or an alternate power source is not available, the battery can be sized to provide power long enough for an orderly shutdown of the load.

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