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Cisco ME 3400 EthernetAccess Switch SoftwareConfiguration Guide
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Chapter33 Configuring HSRP
Understanding HSRP
HSRP provides high network availability by providing redundancy for IP traffic from hosts on networks.
In a group of router interfaces, the active router is the rou ter of ch oic e f or ro utin g packet s; the st an dby
router is the router that takes over the routing duties wh en an acti ve r outer fail s or when p reset conditi ons
are met.
HSRP is useful for hosts that do not support a router discovery protocol and cannot switc h to a new router
when their selected router reloads or loses power. When HSRP is configured on a network segment, it
provides a virtual MAC address and an IP address that is shared among router interfaces in a group of
router interfaces running HSRP. The router selected by the protocol to be the active router receives and
routes packets destined for the group’s MAC address. For n routers running HSRP , ther e ar e n +1 IP and
MAC addresses assigned.
HSRP detects when the designated active router fails, and a selected standby router assumes control of
the Hot Standby group’s MAC and IP addresses. A new standby router is also selected at that time.
Devices running HSRP send and receive multicast UDP-based hello packets to detect router failure and
to designate active and standby routers. When HSRP is configured on an int erfac e, I nte rnet C ontro l
Message Protocol (ICMP) redirect messages are disabled by default for the inter face.
You can configure multiple Hot Standby groups among switches that are operating in Layer 3 to make
more use of the redundant routers. To do so, specify a group number for each Hot Sta ndby com mand
group you configure for an interface. For example, you might configur e a n in terfa ce o n swit ch 1 a s an
active router and one on switch 2 as a standby router and also configure another interface on switch 2 as
an active router with another interface on switch 1 as its standby router.
Figure 33-1 shows a segment of a network configured for HSRP. Each router is configured with the MAC
address and IP network address of the virtual router. Instead of configuring hosts on the network with
the IP address of Router A, you configure them with the IP address of the virtual router as their default
router. When Host C sends packets to Host B, it sends them to the MAC address of the virtual router. If
for any reason, Router A stops transferring packets, Router B responds to the virtual IP address and
virtual MAC address and becomes the active router, assuming the active router duties. Host C continues
to use the IP address of the virtual router to address pac kets dest ine d for H ost B, whi ch Ro ute r B now
receives and sends to Host B. Until Router A resumes operation, HSRP allows Router B to provide
uninterrupted service to users on Host C’s segment that need to communicate with users on Host B’s
segment and also continues to perform its normal function of handling packets between the Host A
segment and Host B.