Appendix B: Reference Information 631
The mean squares (MS) that make up Ü are:
The sum of squares (SS) that make up the mean squares are:
The degrees of freedom df that make up the mean squares are:
Ü
Ü
where: I
Sxi
ni
=
=
=
=
=
number of populations
the mean of each list
the standard deviation of each list
the length of each list
the mean of all lists
FactorMS FactorSS
Factordf
------------------------=
ErrorMS ErrorSS
Errordf
---------------------=
FactorSS nixix–()
2
i1=
I
∑
=
ErrorSS ni1–()Sxi2
i1=
I
∑
=
Factordf I 1– numeratordf for ==
Errordf ni1–()
i1=
I
∑denominatordf for ==
xi
x