Glossary 7
Glossary
Subnet Mask A bit mask used to identify which bits in an IP address apply to the subnet.
Time to live A field in an IP packet which indicates how long the packet should be allowed to exist before being discarded.
Traceroute A Ping like tool that reports the number of hops to the destination as well as the time delays to each hop along the way. Traceroute is useful for locating bottlenecks in network traffic.
Type of Service A field in an IP packet that controls the quality of service that the packet requires. The internet is a “best effort” network, using the Type of Service bits, higher grades of service can be requested. If the network equipment supports better service i.e. VoIP, the better service will be provided.
Unicast A frame sent to a specific single destination.
UNIX server A device providing services in a network and running a version of the Unix operating system. A UNIX server is usually an NFS server.
Utilization A measure of how much of the network’s bandwidth is being used. It is usually expressed as a percent of the maximum line speed in the network. For example, if the network’s current usage is at 2 Mb/sec and the bandwidth available (line speed) is 100 Mb/sec., we say the utilization is 2%.
Web Browser The program running in a client host when someone is interacting with a web server. It is the software used to browse the Internet.
Web Server A network server that contains files that describe Internet pages. The pages are usually developed in a language named Hypertext Markup Language (HTML). A company’s home page is an example of an HTML file that can be retrieved from a web server.
WINS Server A type of name server used in the Microsoft NT environment. WINS stand for Windows Internet Name Services. It is a variation of DNS.
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