Page
Table of Contents
Basic Switch Configuration
Catalyst Crescendo Architecture
Axis Bus
Phoenix Asic
Iii
LCP Sage Asic QTP Asic Qmac
100
101
102
103
114
Vii
Viii
Depth 160 ATM Overview
161
Depth 199 Layer 2 Switching Overview
Vlan ID
235
Multilayer Switching
Xii
Depth 309 Hardware Troubleshooting No Power
Xiii
341
345
347
Xiv
359
Cisco Switching Black Book
Limits of Liability and Disclaimer of Warranty
Trademarks
President and CEO
Acquisitions Editor
Product Marketing Manager
Project Editor
Technical Reviewer
Jeff Duntemann VP and Editorial Director
About the Authors
Acknowledgments
Sean Odom
How to Use This Book
Thanks for buying the Cisco Switching Black Book
Introduction
Overview
Black Book Philosophy
Depth
Network Switching Fundamentals
Physical Media and Switching Types
Bit of History
Networking Architectures
Peer−to−Peer Networking Model
Pieces of Technology
Client/Server Network Model
Repeaters
Hubs
Bridges
Page
Switches
Routers
Network Design
Collision Domains
Why Upgrade to Switches?
Broadcast Domains
Unshielded Twisted−Pair Cable
Properly Switched Networks
Network Utilization
Switched Forwarding
Store−and−Forward Switching
Cut−Through Switching
FragmentFree Switching
Switched Network Bottlenecks
Combining Switching Methods
Non−Blocking Switch vs. Blocking Switch
Rule of the Network Road
Internal Route Processor vs. External Route Processor
Fast Ethernet
Switched Ethernet Innovations
Full−Duplex Ethernet
Gigabit Ethernet
Avoiding Fork−Lift Upgrades
Cisco IOS
Subinterfaces
Connecting to the Switch
Powering Up the Switch
Following commands are available in Privileged Exec mode
Challenges
Today’s Trend
Entering and Exiting Privileged Exec Mode
Entering and Exiting Global Configuration Mode
Entering and Exiting Interface Configuration Mode
Entering and Exiting Subinterface Configuration Mode
Saving Configuration Changes
Basic Switch Configuration
Command−Line Interfaces
Campus Hierarchical Switching Model
Queuing
Access Layer
Distribution Layer
Remote Network Monitoring
Core Layer
Connecting to the Console Port
Console Cable Pinouts
Rollover cable RJ−45−to−RJ−45 pinouts
Console Connectors
RJ−45−to−AUX Port Console Connector Pinouts
Out
Pin Signal Input/Output
DTE connectors for an RJ−45 to a DB−25 female
DB−25−to−DB−9 connector pinouts Signal
Switch IOSs
IOS Configuration Modes
Limiting Telnet Access
Configuring an IOS−Based CLI Switch
Configuring Passwords
Implementing Privilege Levels
Setting the Login Passwords
Setting Privilege Levels
Assigning Allowable Commands
Setting the Console Port Time−out Value
Configuring the Telnet Time−out Value
Configuring the Hostname
Configuring the Date and Time
Configuring an IP Address and Netmask
Configuring a Set/Clear−Based CLI Switch
Configuring Port Speed and Duplex
Logging On to a Switch
Enabling Snmp Contact
Setting the Login and Enable Passwords
∙ You are now in Privileged Exec mode
Changing the Console Prompt
Help
Entering a Contact Name and Location Information
Configuring System and Time Information
To configure a Slip interface, enter the following
Viewing the Default Routes
Configuring Trap Message Targets
Enabling Snmp
Configuring a Menu−Driven IOS
Configuring the Console Port
Configuring Telnet
Configuring the Password
Configuring an IP Address and Default Gateway
Configuring Snmp
Configuring ROM
Entering ROM Configuration Mode
Booting ROM Mode from a Flash Device
Device
Configuring Rmon
Configuring Rmon on a Set/Clear−Based Interface
Using Set/Clear Command Set Recall Key Sequences
Using IOS−Based Command Editing Keys and Functions
Page
WAN Switching
WAN Transmission Media
Synchronous Transport Signal STS
Cisco WAN Switches
MGX 8200 Series
BPX 8600 Series Wide−Area Switches
IGX 8400 Series
WAN Switch Hardware Overview
MGX 8800 Series Wide−Area Edge Switches
Cisco WAN Switch Network Topologies
WAN Manager
Network Management
CLI
Accessing and Setting Up IGX and BPX Switches
Displaying a User’s Password
Changing a User’s Password
Adding New Users
Using the History Command
Displaying the Power and Temperature of a Switch
Configuring the ASM Setting for BPX
Resetting the Switch
Displaying Other Switches
Setting the Switch Name
Setting the Time Zone
Configuring the Time and Date
Accessing the MGX 8850
Changing Passwords
Assigning a Switch Hostname
Use the command cnfname to assign a hostname for the switch
Displaying a Summary of All Modules
Displaying Detailed Information for the Current Card
Changing the Time and Date
Displaying the IP Address
Configuring the IP Interface
Displaying the Alarm Level of the Switch
LAN Switch Architectures
Catalyst Crescendo Architecture
ASICs
Single BUS vs. Crossbar Matrix
Input Queuing
Output Queuing
Earl Asic placement on the Crescendo architecture
∙ Synergy Advanced Multipurpose Bus Arbiter Samba Asic
Crescendo Processors
Crescendo Logic Units
Other Cisco Switch Processors, Buses, ASICs, and Logic Units
Axis Bus
CEF Asic
DCEF
Adjacency Table
CEF Search Engine
Phoenix Asic
Cisco Express Forwarding Asic components
Connected to the Qmac Asic
Bridging Types
Source Route Bridging
Source Route Switching
Source Route Transparent Bridging
Source Route Translational Bridging
Transparent Bridging
Fast Switching
Switching Paths
Process Switching
Autonomous Switching
Silicon Switching
Optimum Switching
Distributed Switching
System Message Logging
Loading an Image on the Supervisor Engine
Up to 90 seconds
To load copies to Flash memory, use the following
Booting the Supervisor Engine III from Flash
Setting the Boot Configuration Register
Configuring Cisco Express Forwarding
Enabling CEF
Configuring CEF Load Balancing
Enabling dCEF
Disabling dCEF
Disabling CEF on an Individual Interface
Disabling Per−Destination Load Sharing
Viewing the Adjacency Table on the 8500 GSR
Clearing the Adjacency Table on the 8500 GSR
Viewing CEF Packet−Dropped Statistics
Here’s an example of the command’s use
Clearing the Server Logging Table
Disabling Server Logging
Displaying the Logging Configuration
Displaying System Logging Messages
Page
Virtual Local Area Networks
Flat Network of Yesterday
Why Use VLANs?
Properly Switched Network
Vlan Basics
Switched Internetwork Security
Scaling with VLANs
Vlan Boundaries
Cisco’s Vlan Recommendations
Vlan Membership Types
Traffic Patterns Flowing through the Network
Vlan Trunking
Trunk Types
Ieee 802.1Q
Ieee
Cisco Standards
Inter−Switch Link ISL Protocol
Domain must share the same VTP domain name
Vlan Trunking Protocol VTP
LAN Emulation Lane
VTP Versions
VTP Advertisements
Page
VTP Switch Modes
Client Mode
VTP Pruning
100
Server Mode
Transparent Mode
InterVLAN Routing
Methods for Vlan Identification
102
Internal Route Processors
How InterVLAN Routing Works
Configuring a Static Vlan on a Catalyst 5000 Series Switch
Configuring Multiple VLANs on a Catalyst 5000 Series Switch
Creating VLANs on a Catalyst 1900EN Series
103
Assigning a Static Vlan to an Interface on a 1900EN Series
104
Viewing the Vlan Configuration on a 1900 Series
Viewing an Individual Vlan Configuration on a 1900 Series
Configuring a Trunk Port on a Cisco 5000 Series
Results are shown here
On or desirable mode
Auto
Desirable
Off
Configuring a Trunk Port on a Cisco 1900EN Series
Mapping VLANs to a Trunk Port
Clearing VLANs from Trunk Links on a Cisco 5000 Series
Clearing VLANs from Trunk Links on a Cisco 1900EN Series
Verifying a Trunk Link Configuration on a 5000 Series
Verifying a Trunk Link Configuration on a 1900EN Series
Configuring the VTP Version on a Catalyst 5000 Switch
Following shows the results
Configuring a VTP Domain on a Catalyst 1900 Switch
Setting a VTP Domain Password on a Catalyst Switch
Configuring a Catalyst 1900 Switch as a VTP Server
Configuring a Catalyst 1900 Switch as a VTP Client
Configuring VTP Pruning on a Catalyst 1900 Switch
Configuring VTP on a Set/Clear CLI Switch
Configuring VTP on a 1900 Cisco IOS CLI Switch
110
Verifying the VTP Configuration on a Set/Clear CLI
Statistics command instead
Displaying VTP Statistics
111
112
Configuring VTP Pruning on a Set/Clear CLI Switch
Disabling Pruning for Unwanted VLANs
113
Configuring IPX InterVLAN Routing on an External Router
Assign an IP address and subnet mask to the subinterface
114
InterVLAN and Basic Module Configuration
Internal Route Processors
Cisco Express Forwarding Asic
115
116
Multimodule vs. Fixed Configuration Switches
Available Route Processors
NetFlow Feature Card and NetFlow Feature Card
117
Route Switch Module
118
Route Switch Feature Card
Multilayer Switch Module
∙ Xerox Network Systems XNS
119
Supervisor Engine Modules
Routing Protocol Assignment
Supervisor Engines I
120
Supervisor Engine
121
122
Using the Supervisor Engine
Etherport Modules
Manually Configured MAC Addresses
Determining the Slot Number in Which a Module Resides
Port Security
123
124
Accessing the Internal Route Processor from the Switch
Configuring a Hostname on the RSM
125
Enter Global Configuration mode with the following commands
Here is an example of setting the port speed and port name
Configuring a Default Gateway on a Catalyst
Verifying the IP Configuration on a Catalyst
Enabling RIP on an RSM
Assign a Vlan to an IP address
Viewing the RSM’s Running Configuration
Configuring InterVLAN Routing on an RSM
Configuration to the Nvram
127
128
Configuring IPX InterVLAN Routing on the RSM
Configuring AppleTalk InterVLAN Routing on an RSM
Viewing the RSM Configuration
Assigning a MAC Address to a Vlan
Viewing the MAC Addresses
129
130
Configuring Filtering on an Ethernet Interface
Configuring Port Security on an Ethernet Module
Configuring the Catalyst 5000 Supervisor Engine Module
Configure the hostname
Clearing MAC Addresses
131
132
133
Viewing the Supervisor Engine Configuration
Changing the Management Vlan on a Supervisor Engine
Configuring the Cisco 2621 External Router for ISL Trunking
134
Configuring Redundancy Using Hsrp
135
136
137
IP Multicast
IP Multicasting Overview
Broadcast
Unicast
∙ Unicast ∙ Multicast
138
139
Multicast
Want to Join the Military?
140
IP Multicasting Addresses
Multicast IP Structure
X bits are not used. The remaining bits
After removing the X portion, the section
Special Multicast Addresses
141
142
Delivery of Multicast Datagrams
Multicast Distribution Tree
143
Multicast Forwarding
Igmp Protocols
144
Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol
Protocol Independent Multicast
Internet Group Management Protocol Igmp
IGMPv1
Multicast Open Shortest Path First
145
IGMPv2
146
Multicast at Layer
Time to Live
Igmp Snooping
147
148
Cisco Group Management Protocol
Router Group Management Protocol
Configuring IP Multicast Routing
Garp Multicast Registration Protocol
Disabling IP Multicast Routing
Enabling PIM on an Interface
Configuring the Rendezvous Point
Configuring a Router to Be a Static Multicast Group Member
Restricting Access to a Multicast Group
Adding a Router to a Multicast Group
Configuring Multicast Groups
Configuring Multicast Router Ports
Changing the Igmp Host−Query Message Interval
Removing Multicast Groups
Configuring Igmp Snooping
Configuring Igmp Fast−Leave Processing
Removing the Multicast Router
Disabling Igmp Snooping
Displaying Igmp Statistics
Displaying Multicast Routers Learned from Igmp
Displaying Igmp Multicast Groups
153
Configuring Cgmp
Disabling Cgmp
Enabling Cgmp Fast−Leave Processing
Disabling Cgmp Fast−Leave Processing
Configuring Rgmp on the Switch
Configuring Rgmp on the Router
Disabling Rgmp on the Switch
Displaying Rgmp Groups
Configuring Gmrp
Displaying RGMP−Capable Router Ports
Displaying Rgmp Vlan Statistics
156
Configuring Gmrp Registration
Disabling Gmrp
Enabling Gmrp on Individual Ports
Disabling Gmrp on Individual Ports
Displaying the Gmrp Configuration
Setting Gmrp Timers
Displaying Gmrp Timers
158
Configuring Bandwidth−Based Suppression
Configuring Packet−Based Suppression
Disabling Multicast Suppression
159
160
WAN Cell Switching
ATM Overview
ATM-Easy to Learn?
161
ATM Circuit Switching
ATM Protocols
ATM Cells
162
Time Division Multiplexing
163
ATM Switch and ATM Endpoints
ATM Reference Model
ATM Cell Header
164
165
Physical Layer
ATM Layer
166
Specifying ATM Connections
ATM Adaptation Layer
167
Local Area Network Emulation Lane
ATM Addressing
168
Lane Components
What Are ELANs?
169
LAN Emulation Client LEC
LAN Emulation Server LES
LAN Emulation Configuration Server Lecs
170
Broadcast and Unknown Server BUS
ATM Module Subinterfaces
LEC Queries
171
Integrated Local Management Interface Ilmi
Lane Communication
ATM Addresses
172
LE Messages
173
Lane Configuration Guidelines
Devices by using the config net command
How Lane Works
Joining and Registering with the LES
175
Configuring ATM on the 5000 Switch
Implementing Lane
176
Lane Modules
Network Management on the Lane Module
177
Connecting in an ATM Network
Segmentation and Reassembly
Accessing the ATM Lane Module
Monitoring and Maintaining Lane
Displaying the Selector Field
178
Configuring the LES/BUS
Configuring a LEC for an Elan
Verifying the LES/BUS Configuration
179
Verifying a LEC Configuration on an Elan
Map the LEC bus to the Ethernet Elan named default
Map the LEC bus to the Ethernet Elan named ELAN2
180
Configuring the Lecs
Viewing the Lane Database
Binding the Lecs Address to an Interface
181
182
Verifying the Lecs Configuration
Verify the proper setup with the following command
183
LightStream Switches
LightStream
184
100Mbps
STS−3c/STM−1 155Mbps
185
186
Virtual Path Connections
Neighborhood Discovery Function
187
LightStream Troubleshooting Tools
LightStream Boot Process
Supported Troubleshooting Protocols
Snooping Mechanisms
Multiprotocol Over ATM
MPS
Configuring the Hostname
Configuring an Enable Password
Configuring the Processor Card Ethernet Interface
MPC
Configuring Virtual Private Tunnels
Verifying an ATM Interface Connection Status
Enter the interface on the module
Identify the private virtual path PVP number
Viewing the Configured Virtual Connections
Configuring the Advertised Lecs Address
Viewing the Lane Configuration
191
Viewing the Installed Modules
192
Configuring the MPC
Configuring the MPS
Changing the MPS Variables
193
Enabling Ilmi Autoconfiguration
Configuring Lane on a LightStream
Monitoring the MPS
194
195
Powering on the LightStream 100 ATM Switch
Configuring the LS100 Switch
Recovering a Lost Password
196
197
198
Layer 2 Switching Overview
Layer 2 Redundant Links
Frames
199
Layer 2 Network Loops
Broadcast and Multicast Frames
Unknown Unicasts
∙ Broadcast frames ∙ Multicast frames ∙ Unknown unicasts
Edsger Dijkstra’s Graph Theory
201
STP Root Bridges
202
Bridge Protocol Data Units
203
Bpdu Timers
204
Parent and Child Switches
Root Bridge Selection
Selection Process
205
Port Costs, Path Costs, and Port Priorities
206
207
Spanning Tree Convergence Time
Equal Cost Paths
STP Port States
208
EtherChannel
Per−VLAN Spanning Tree
Pvst and PVST+
209
EtherChannel Administrative Groups
Link Failure
Port Aggregation Protocol
210
Fast Convergence Components of STP
PortFast
UplinkFast
211
212
Enabling STP on a Set/Clear Command−Based Switch
BackboneFast
Disabling STP on a Set/Clear Command−Based Switch
Disabling STP on a Set/Clear Command−Based Switch by Vlan
Following example, the Vlan number is
213
214
Configuring STP on an IOS Command−Based Switch
Disabling STP on an IOS Command−Based Switch
Viewing the STP Configuration on a Command Line Switch
Configuring the STP Root Switch
Configuring the STP Secondary Root Switch
Root
216
Assigning a Port Cost to a Port Using a CLI−Based Switch
Secondary optional
217
Configuring the Port Priority on a Set/Clear Command−Based
Configuring the Port Priority on a CLI−Based IOS
Verifying the Vlan Priority Settings
Adjusting the FwdDelay Timer on a Set/Clear Command−Based
Adjusting the Hello Timer on a Set/Clear Command−Based IOS
218
219
Adjusting the MaxAge Timer on a Set/Clear Command−Based
Preparing to Enable EtherChannel
220
Disables the port from channeling or creating a bundle
Negotiation. This is the default setting
Verifying the EtherChannel Configuration
Defining an EtherChannel Administrative Group
Viewing an EtherChannel Administrative Group
221
Configuring EtherChannel on an IOS−Based Switch
Here, the mode is auto
Identifying the Template Port
222
Enabling PortFast on a Set/Clear Command−Based Switch
Disabling PortFast on a Set/Clear Command−Based Switch
Enabling PortFast on a CLI−Based IOS Switch
223
Disabling PortFast on a CLI−Based IOS Switch
Verifying the PortFast Configuration
Enabling UplinkFast on a Set/Clear Command−Based Switch
Disabling UplinkFast on a Set/Clear Command−Based Switch
Verifying the UplinkFast Configuration
Enabling UplinkFast on a Cisco IOS Command−Based Switch
Disabling UplinkFast on a Cisco IOS Command−Based Switch
225
Viewing the UplinkFast Configuration on an IOS−Based Switch
Viewing UplinkFast Statistics on an IOS−Based Switch
Enabling BackboneFast on a Set/Clear Command−Based Switch
Disabling BackboneFast on a Set/Clear Command−Based Switch
Multilayer Switching
Why Not Call Them Routers?
How MLS Works
227
∙ MLS Switching Engine MLS−SE-The switch supporting MLS
MLS Components
Prioritizing Traffic Flows
228
229
MLS Flows
230
Access List Flow Masks
Destination−IP Flow Mask
Source−Destination−IP Flow Mask
231
MLS Troubleshooting Notes
IP Access Lists and MLS Interaction
IP−Flow Flow Mask
232
Configuring MLS
233
234
Aging Timers
MLS Cache
Configuring an External MLS Route Processor
VTP Domain
Management Interfaces
MLS Cache Fast Aging Time
Enabling Mlsp on an MLS−RP for IP
Disabling Mlsp on an MLS−RP for IP
Enabling Mlsp on an MLS−RP for IPX
Disabling Mlsp on an MLS−RP for IPX
Configuring the MLS Switch Engine
Enabling MLS on an Individual Interface
Disabling MLS on an External Router Interface
Re−enabling MLS on a Catalyst
Configuring the MLS Cache on the Catalyst
Configuring Fast Aging on a Catalyst
Disabling MLS on a Catalyst
Disabling Fast Aging on a Catalyst
Configuring Long Aging on the Catalyst
Configuring Normal Aging on the Catalyst
Disabling Long Aging on the Catalyst
Disabling Normal Aging on the Catalyst
Monitoring and Viewing the MLS Configuration
Viewing the MLS Aging Configuration on a Catalyst
Displaying the IP MLS Configuration
Viewing MLS−RPs
Displaying MLS VTP Domain Information
Viewing the MLS Vlan Interface Information
Viewing MLS Statistics on the Catalyst
241
Viewing MLS Entries
242
243
Routing Problems
Hot Standby Routing Protocol
Routing Information Protocol
Proxy ARP
Icmp Router Discovery Protocol
244
245
Solution
Token Ring Standby Groups 255
Groups primarily to facilitate load sharing
246
247
Hsrp Message Format
Hsrp States
Hsrp Configuration
Hsrp Interface Tracking
Disabling Icmp Redirects
248
249
Entering Configuration Mode on an RSM
Opening a Session on an Internal Route Processor
Assigning a Preempt Delay to a Standby Group
Removing a Preempt Delay from a Standby Group
Setting the Hsrp Hello and Hold Timers
Assigning an Hsrp Interface Priority
Removing the Hsrp Hello and Hold Timers
Configuring a Clear−Text Password for Hsrp Authentication
Configuring Two Rsfc Interfaces as One Hsrp Group
Here’s what happened
252
Using the show standby Command
Enabling Interface Tracking
Using the debug Command
253
254
Access Security Policies
Policy Networking
255
Core Layer Policies
Distribution Layer Policies
∙ Managing Hypertext Transfer Protocol Http access
Access Lists
Access List Types
256
Access list string as an example
257
List
258
259
To remove a remark, use a command like the following
Applying Access Lists
Applying Access Lists to Route Filtering
260
Security at the Access Layer
Configuring Passwords
Limiting Telnet Access
Implementing Privilege Levels
262
Configuring Banner Messages
Physical Device Security
Creating a Standard Access List
Vlan Management
Static MAC Assignment vs. Dynamic MAC Assignment
263
Creating an Extended Access List
264
265
266
Applying Access Lists Using access−class
Applying Access Lists Using distribute−list
Configuring a Telnet Session Time−Out Value
Configuring Line Console Time−Out Values
Implementing Privilege Levels on a 1900EN
267
Configuring Banner Messages
Enabling Http Access
Exec−timeout 5
268
Enable
Enabling Port Security
Aaa
Local
Displaying the MAC Address Table
271
Web Management
Standard and Enterprise Edition Cvsm
Cvsm Client Requirements
272
273
Cvsm Access Levels
Cvsm Default Home
Switch Image
274
275
Connecting to the Web Management Console
276
277
278
279
280
Configuring the Switch Port Analyzer
281
282
1900 and 2820 Series Switches
Standard Edition IOS
Main Menu Choices
283
Console Settings
284
System Menu
285
IP Configuration
Network Management
Let’s look at each option from this menu in more detail
286
Snmp Management
287
Snmp Default Trap Messages
Bridge − Spanning Tree
Cisco Discovery Protocol
288
289
Port Configuration
Cisco Group Management Protocol
Syntax Port
AUI port
Port Statuses
290
291
Port Addressing
292
Port Statistics Detail
Monitor
Virtual LAN
293
294
Multicast Registration
Firmware
RS−232 Interface
295
Usage Summaries
296
297
298
Configuring Network Settings on the 1900 and 2820 Series
∙ X Exit-This option returns you to the Main Menu
Configuring Broadcast Storm Control on Switch Ports
299
Configuring Snmp on the 1900 Series
300
301
302
303
Configuring Port Monitoring on the Standard Edition IOS
Related solution Found on Enabling Snmp Contact
Configuring VLANs on the Standard Edition IOS
304
305
306
Configuring Spanning Tree Protocol
Select E to enable Uplink Fast
Assigning a Static Vlan to an Interface on a 1900EN Series
307
308
Switch Troubleshooting
Hardware Troubleshooting
No Power
309
Indicator Lights
310
311
Switch Cabling
Switched Port Analyzers
Switch Troubleshooting Tools
Cable Problems
CiscoWorks for Switched Internetworks
Cross−Over Cables
IOS Software Troubleshooting Commands
313
Show config
Show cam
Duplicate MAC Addresses
Show cdp neighbors
Show flash
Show interface
Show log
Show mac
Viewing the Set/Clear IOS Configuration
Show system
Show test
Show version
317
318
319
Viewing the CLI−Based IOS Configuration
320
Viewing the IOS Version Information on a CLI−Based IOS
321
322
Show test module number
323
324
Viewing the VTP Domain Configuration on a Set/Clear IOS
Viewing the VTP Domain Configuration on a CLI−Based IOS
Viewing the Vlan Configuration on a CLI−Based IOS
325
Viewing the Spanning Tree Configuration on a CLI−Based IOS
326
327
Viewing the CAM MAC Address Table on a CLI−Based IOS
328
329
Viewing the CDP Neighbors on a Set/Clear Command−Based
Viewing the CDP Neighbors on a CLI−Based IOS
330
Viewing Individual Port CAM Tables on a CLI−Based IOS
Viewing Port Statistics on a Set/Clear IOS
331
MAC
332
Here is the output using the exception syntax
Viewing Port Statistics on a CLI−Based IOS
333
Using the Port Configuration on a Set/Clear Command−Based
Using the show port Command on a CLI−Based IOS
334
Using the show vlan Command on a Set/Clear Command−Based
Using the show vlan Command on a CLI−Based IOS
Using the show interface Command on a CLI−Based IOS
335
Using the show log Command on a Set/Clear Command−Based
336
337
338
339
340
Appendix a Study Resources
Books
Cisco Group Study and Users Groups
Live Cisco Training/Internet−Based Labs/Study Resources
Online Resources
Quality of Service
Standards Organizations
Spanning Tree Protocol
VLANs
344
Cisco Job Search Sites
∙ it.careershop.com
Appendix B Basic IOS CLI−to−Set/Clear Commands
346
Configures STP Set spantree enable mod/number hello
Vlan name Vlan−membership static vlan Assigns a port to
347
Appendix C The Cisco Consultant
Establishing Credibility
348
Designing a Solution
Come Off As an Expert
Estimating the Cost
Presenting the Final Proposal and Creating Expectations
Total up front
349
Contracting
Document, Document, Document
Way to Fail
350
351
Failing to Manage Your Time
Assuming You Know What the Customer Needs
352
Conclusion
Failing to Take Responsibility
Required Equipment
353
Lab Objectives
354
Possible Solution
1912 Basic Configuration
Configure a password for the switch
355
356
Enable trunking on this port to always be on
Assign Vlan names
Catalyst 5000 Basic Configuration
357
358
Configuring the Cisco 2621 Interface for ISL Trunking
Verify the configurations
Appendix E Switch Features
Access Layer Switches
Cisco Catalyst
Forwarding rate 370 pps Max MAC addresses 024 048
Forwarding rate 370 pps
360
4MB Dram 8MB
361
362
Cisco Catalyst 3500 Series XL
12MB
Cisco Catalyst 3900 Series
16MB
Stackable Yes Forwarding Rate Million pps
363
Distribution Layer Switches
Key Features and Benefits
Up to 8MB Stackable Yes
364
Key Features
Cisco Catalyst 4000 Series
Catalyst 5000 Series
365
Catalyst 6000 Series
366
Core Layer/WAN Switches
367
Catalyst 8400 Services
Cisco Catalyst 8400 Series
Catalyst 8400 Modules
368
369
Cisco Catalyst 8500 Series
Network Management
370
BPX 8680 Universal Service Node
BPX 8600 Series
371
Services
MGX 8800 Series
Series Gigabit Switch Routers
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
Hub
Hypertext Transfer Protocol Http
See Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Ieee
Ieee 802.1Q
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395