HP X.25/9000 User’s Guide
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1. About the X.25 Product
2. Installation
3. Configuration
4. OLA/R Overview and Concepts
5. Diagnostic Utilities
6. PAD Services
7. Tracing and Logging Utilities
8. Troubleshooting
A. SUsing Non-EnglishSubscription Forms
B. X.25 Configuration Files and Examples
C. Diagnostic Messages
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About the X.25 Product
Introduction
NOTE
Figure
X.25 Link Architecture
Application (L7), Presentation (L6), and Session (L5) Levels
Transport Level (L4)
Packet/network Level (L3)
Data link (L2) and Physical (L1) Levels
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2 Installation
Before you Install the software
Hardware Requirements
Installing Multiple X.25 Interface Cards
Hardware Compatibility
OS Platform and Version Compatibility
Memory
Related Parameters
Evaluation Formulas
Shortcut Method
Table
Example
Example:
TM = 9,123,840 (8.7 Mb)
Software Requirements
Installing the X.25 Link Software
Step
Type: swinstall
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3 Configuration
Configuring the X.25 Link
Using SAM
sam
sam &
Using SAM’s On-lineHelp
Configuring an X.25 Address
Field Descriptions
Configuring X.25 Virtual Circuits (VCs)
Configuring an Internet Address
Configure Internet Address
yes
Configure Internet Address Field Descriptions
IP Address and Default Subnet Masks
IP Address
Class
Default Subnet
IP Address and Default Subnet Masks (Continued)
Modify IP Over X.25 Defaults
Modify IP over X.25 Defaults Field Descriptions
Verifying Level 3 Values
Verify Level 3 Values
Verify Level 3 Values Field Descriptions
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Switched VC Flow Control Field Descriptions
Permanent VC Flow Control Field Descriptions
Modify Throughput Class Settings Field Descriptions
Throughput Classes and Line Speeds
Verifying Level 2 Values
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Verify Level 2 Values Field Descriptions
Using Maximum Window-SizeSettings with Modulo-128
Recommended Maximum Window Sizes
Level 3 Packet
Level 2 Window
Size
Configuring Remote System Access
Add Internet Connectivity Dialog
Add Internet Connectivity Field Descriptions
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Provide X.25 Information Field Descriptions
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Configuring X.25 over LLC2
Configuration Files
Patch requirements for the XOL HA feature and configurable
SAP values feature for X.25 over LLC2
X.25 version
Patch Requirements
Number
Additional XOL specific configuration parameters (Continued)
Example 3-1Sample File with the Old Parameters in the Old Format
Example 3-2Sample File with the New Parameters in the New Format
Example 3-3LLC2 Configuration
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Starting and Stopping Configuration
Sample setup and Configuration
One Lan and Two Boxes configuration
Figure 3-11One LAN, Two Boxes Configuration
To connect HOST to BOX
To connect HOST to BOX
To start and stop above configuration:
To Connect Box 0 to HOST
To Connect Box 1 to HOST
Configuring Two Lans, with One Box Per Lan
Figure 3-12Two Lans, One Box per Lan configuration
To Configure Host to LAN0 to Box0
To configure Host to LAN 1 to BOX
To Start and Stop above configuration:
To Connect Box 0 to HOST
To Connect Box 1 to HOST
Troubleshooting LLC2 Configuration
Configuring PAD Services
Add/Modify PAD Terminal Emulation (Local to
Remote)
Add/Modify PAD Support Server (Remote to Local)
Add/Modify PAD Printers Server
Add/Modify UUCP Server
Add/Modify X.3 Parameters
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Configuring the High Availability Feature
Local Failure:
Remote Failure:
X.25 Cluster Definition
X.25 Commands to be Configured in High Availability Packages
Start X.25 link
Stop X.25 link
Monitor X.25 link
X.25 High Availability Configuration
Example 3-4One EXAMPLE of Remote Failure
Checking the Configuration
x25server
x25check
$ x25check
ping command
Configuring the High Availability Feature for X.25 over LLC2
WARNING
Unique MAC Address Requirement
Local Failover
Configuring XOL HA for Local Failover Without ServiceGuard
Figure 3-13Before the Failover
After the Failover
Configuring Standby Device and Unique MAC Address
Remote Failover
Configuring XOL HA for Remote Failover Using Service Guard
(SG)
Figure 3-15Before the Failover
XOL Cluster Definition
X.25 Commands Used in the SG Package Control Scripts:
XOL Package Definition
Example 3-6XOL SG package for remote failover
Remote Failover with Local Failover Support Using
Service Guard
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Remote Failover with Local Failover support
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Verifying the X.25 Link
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OLA/R Overview and Concepts
IMPORTANT
Important Terms and Concepts
Terms used in this section
Term
Meaning
Planning and Preparation
Card Compatibility
On-LineAddition
On-LineReplacement
Critical Resources
Failover Actions / Single Points of Failure
How to On-lineReplace (OLR) a J3525A or J3526A PCI Card using SAM
When performing online replacemant, the stack for all the ports
of the interface card under consideration will be stopped before
repalcement. They will be restarted after the repalcement. Thus
any user application which has open connections will receive
Three Possible Critical Resource Analysis (CRA) Outcomes
Pressing the “Cancel” button here will prevent you from easily
restoring power to this slot (or Power Domain). If this happens
you must shut-down,then re-boot,the system to restore power
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How to On-lineAdd (OLA) a J3525A or J3526A PCI Card using SAM
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Diagnostic Utilities
Using Diagnostic Utilities
Available Diagnostic Utilities
Utility
Description
Refer to:
Scope of X.25 Diagnostic Utilities
Before Using the Diagnostic Utilities
x25check and x25server
The
x25server
must be running before you execute
x25check
interface2
interface3
Example 2: Running x25check With an X.121 Address
$ x25check 250207 -iinterface0 -g51
Example 3: Running x25check With a Data Packet
$ x25check 250207 -iinterface0 -s32767 -n1
x25stat
Example 1: Displaying the Current Configuration
x25stat -c
-dx25_0
Example 2: Displaying Global Statistics
x25stat -dx25_0
x25stat -g -dx25_0
Level 3 State
Output on Screen
Description/Meaning
Level 3 State (Continued)
Level 2 Link State
Level 1 Link State
Statistics for WAN Output
Example 3: Displaying Virtual Circuit Data Packet
Counters
VC State
VC State (Continued)
Example 4: Displaying Global X.25 Level 3 Statistics
x25stat -x -dx25_0
Example 5: Displaying X.25 Level 1 and 2 Statistics
x25stat -f -dx25_0
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Example 6: Displaying Virtual Circuit Status
Example 7: Displaying Current IP to X.25 Address
Mapping
x25mibstat
Example Statistics for x25mibstat
Statistic
x25mibstat Option
Remark
PAD Services
CCITT Recommendations
Figure 6-1PAD Support Protocols
HOST
PAD
PAD services and the HP 9000 host
Remote PAD Support (x29server)
PAD Services as a Pipe
Overview
Remote PAD Support
HP 9000 host
Call Acceptance Mechanism and System Security
Legal PID in the incoming call request packet
Correct interface_name
Correct address
Supported Remote PAD Terminals
Configuring Remote PAD Support
Configuring pad_spt Parameters
pad_spt Parameters
Optional
Mandatory
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Launching Applications Automatically
Remote PAD Printer Support (x29printd)
CAUTION
Remote Printer Support
System Requirements
Configuring Remote PAD Printers
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Configuring the UNIX Line-printerSpooler for x29printd
x29printd and lpsched Operation
foo /tmp/file
interface0
Printer Configuration
Verifying the Configuration
UUCP Support (x29uucpd)
Sending HP
Receiving HP
Configuring UUCP PAD Support
File
Contents
Configuring the x29hosts file
pad_uucp Parameters
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Configuring System and Device Files for UUCP
At the “dave” system:
-login:uucp word: test
bill
Any
dev_bill
\r\d\r\d\r login:
-BREAK
-login:
pad_uucp
device bill
name interface0
remote_x121 [bill’s X.121_address]
default_x3
READ
WRITE=/ \COMMANDS=ALL
LOGNAME
bill# x25server
dave# x25check [bill’s X.121 address]
dave# /usr/lib/uucp/uucico -r1 -x9 -sbill
-r1
dave# rm /var/spool/uucp/.Status/bill
dave# uucp -r /tmp/filename bill!/tmp/filename
Local PAD Emulation (padem)
Command Mode
Data Transfer Mode
Configuring Local PAD Emulation
Parameter Descriptions
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PAD Commands
X.28 PAD Command Set
|symad|
symad
Extended Command Set
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Configuring X.3 Profile Parameters
Configuration Set Syntax
Parameter Values
pad_em
pad_em {}
Modifying Parameters
X.3 Parameter Descriptions
Default X.3 Parameters
X.3 Parameter Descriptions
X.3 Parameter
(Continued)
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Baud Rate
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Tracing and Logging Utilities
Available Tracing and Logging Utilities
The Scope of X.25 Tracing and Logging Utilities
nettl
Syntax
Parameters
Tracing Masks
keyword a
mask
SX25L2
SX25L3
nettl -tf -eSX25L3 -cx25_1
netfmt
/etc/netfmt -v -f /tmp/tracex25.TRC0| more
/etc/netfmt
-f /tmp/tracex25.TRC0
| more
/etc/netfmt -1 -f /tmp/tracex25.TRC0| more
Creating a Filter File
Filter File Options
System/subsystem
Type
level
Filter File family Options
Packet types displayed
family
from DTE to
from DCE to DTE
Filter File Examples
FORMATTER FILTER time_from 10:55:00 7/16/94
FORMATTER FILTER time_through 10:58:00 7/16/94
SX25L3 lci 1
SX25L3 packet data
strace
Single-portSubnet Interface Codes
Card
Calculation
Sub code
(hexadecimal)
7030 + 1
Dual-portSubnet Interface Codes
Interface
Output Format
pri
Packet Type
Parameters Displayed
Frame Type
Examples of the strace Command
Examples of strace Output
record
time
tics
pri
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strerr
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8 Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting Your X.25 Link
Troubleshooting Commands
Command
Purpose
Refer to
Troubleshooting Commands (Continued)
Troubleshooting Flowcharts and Procedures
[devices]
Flowchart
Flowchart 2 – Procedures and Notes
Note 2-1– x25stat
[device]
Note 2-2– eisa_config
add !HWP19A0.CGF <slot number
save
quit
Flowchart 2 – Initialization Check
Contact HP
(see Note 2-2)
Run X25stat
Flowchart 3 – Procedures and Notes
before
Note 3-1– Hardware Check
Flowchart 3 – Hardware and License Check
Flowchart 4 – Procedures and Notes
Note 4-1– x25check
Note 4-2– Exit
Flowchart 4 – X.25 Configuration Check
Start x25server
Run x25check to
x25check
Flowchart 5 – Procedures and Notes
Note 5-1– ping
Note 5-2– Checking your IP over X.25 Configuration
Note 5-3– Exit
Flowchart 5 – IP Over X.25 Check
Recovering From a Power Failure
For Systems With a Backup Power Supply
For Systems With No Backup Power Supply
Reporting Problems
x25 stat
In the event of a system failure, take a full memory dump
-l /dev/x29
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Back-to-backConfiguration on the Same Host
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Configuration and Troubleshooting Commands
Command Summary
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Examples of x25init
IP-to-X.121Address Mapping Table
This is a manual procedure that cannot be done in SAM
Syntax for SVCs
Syntax for PVCs
File Mapping Parameters
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Using Non-EnglishSubscription
Forms
Subscription Form Translations
Help
Table A-1
French TRANSPAC Subscription Form
English on SAM dialogs
French TRANSPAC Subscription Form (Continued)
Table A-2
Using Your ITAPAC (Italian) Subscription Form
Italian on subscription form
Using Your ITAPAC (Italian) Subscription Form (Continued)
Table A-3
Using your DATEX-P(German) Subscription Form
German on subscription form
Table A-4
Using your IBERPAC (Spanish) Subscription Form (Continued)
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X.25 Configuration Files and
Examples
X.25 Configuration Files
Table B-1
/etc/x25 directory
Table B-2
/etc directory
/etc directory (Continued)
Table B-3
/var/x25/log/x25server directory
Table B-4
/var/x25/log directory
Example Files
The x25init_def File
Table B-6
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The x25init_smpl File
Table B-7
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The x3config File
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The x29hosts File
Table B-8
The Network Type File (x25_networks)
Table B-9
Diagnostic Messages
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Diagnostic Message Example
Cause Code Settings
Packet Codes
RESTART Packet Codes
RESET/CLEAR Packet Codes
X.25 Diagnostic Messages
Table C-1
No Additional Information
Diagnostic
ISO
Packet Type Invalid (Continued)
Table C-3
Packet Not Allowed
Packet Not Allowed (Continued)
Table C-4
Timer Expired
Timer Expired (Continued)
Table C-5
Call Setup, Call Clearing, or Registration Problem
Call Setup, Call Clearing, or Registration Problem (Continued)
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Table C-6
CATEGORY - Miscellaneous
Table C-7
International Problem and Maintenance
International Problem and Maintenance (Continued)
Table C-8
DTE-SpecificSignals
DTE-SpecificSignals (Continued)
Table C-9
OSI Network Service Problem
OSI Network Service Problem (Continued)
Table C-10
Higher Level Initiated
Higher Level Initiated (Continued)
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Symbols