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ISDN. See Integrated Services Digital Network.

ISO. See International Organization of Standardization.

ISP. See Internet Service Provider.

ITU. See International Telecommunication Union.

ITU - T. See International Telecommunication Union/Telecommunication Standardization Sector.

IXC. See Interexchange Carrier.

J

JPEG. See Joint Photographic Experts Group.

Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG). A committee formed by the International Organization of Standardization to set standards for digital compression of still images. Also refers to the digital compression standard for still images created by this group.

K

Kbps. Kilobits per second.

Kilobit. One thousand bits. See also Bit.

Kilobyte. One thousand bytes. See also Byte.

L

Laser. From the acronym for “Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation.” A laser usually consists of a light-amplifying medium placed between two mirrors. Light not perfectly aligned with the mirrors escapes out the sides, but light perfectly aligned will be amplified. One mirror is made partially transparent. The result is an amplified beam of light that emerges through the partially transparent mirror.

Last Mile. See Local Loop.

Local Area Network (LAN). A network connecting a number of computers to each other or to a central server so that the computers can share programs and files.

LAN. See Local Area Network.

LLC Encapsulation. See Logical Link Control Encapsulation

Logical Link Control (LLC) Encapsulation. A data link-level transmission control mechanism that involves the use of a logical link control header that identifies the protocol being carried. This allows the end device(s) to properly decipher the Protocol Data Unit (PDU). This is accomplished by prefixing the PDU by an IEEE 802.2 LLC header.

Local Loop. The copper lines between a customer’s premises and a telephone company’s telephone exchange.

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