Teledyne GFC 7001E, GFC 7001EM

Calibration Procedures Model GFC7001E Carbon Dioxide Analyzer

Teledyne Analytical Instruments 216

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Contents

Main Operation Manual MODEL GFC 7001E FAMILY CARBON MONOXIDE ANALYZERS Model GFC7001E Carbon Dioxide Analyzer Teledyne Analytical Instruments 2 Copyright 2013 Teledyne Analytical Instruments Safety Messages Model GFC7001E Carbon Dioxide Analyzer Teledyne Analytical Instruments 3 SAFETY MESSAGES Page Warranty Model GFC7001E Carbon Dioxide Analyzer Teledyne Analytical Instruments 5 WARRANTY Page ABOUT THIS MANUAL Page TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Page Page Page Page Page LIST OF APPENDICES LIST OF FIGURES Page LIST OF TABLES Page Page Page Page 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. GFC 7001E FAMILY OVERVIEW 1.2. ADDITIONAL DOCUMENTATION Introduction Model GFC7001E Carbon Dioxide Analyzer Teledyne Analytical Instruments 25 1.2.1. USING THIS MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS: PART I GENERAL INFORMATION Introduction Model GFC7001E Carbon Dioxide Analyzer Teledyne Analytical Instruments 26 PART II OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS PART III TECHNICAL INFORMATION APPENDICES 2. SPECIFICATIONS AND APPROVALS 2.1. SPECIFICATIONS Table 2-1: M 300E/300EM Basic Unit Specifications 2.2. EPA EQUIVALENCY DESIGNATION 2.3. TUV DESIGNATION 2.4. CE MARK COMPLIANCE 2.4.1. EMISSIONS COMPLIANCE 2.4.2. SAFETY COMPLIANCE Page 3. GETTING STARTED 3.1. GFC 7001E/EM ANALYZER LAYOUT Page Page Page Figure 3-5: Optical Bench Layout 3.2. UNPACKING THE GFC 7001E/EM ANALYZER 3.2.1. VENTILATION CLEARANCE Getting Started Model GFC7001E Carbon Dioxide Analyzer Teledyne Analytical Instruments 38 3.3. ELECTRICAL CONNECTIONS 3.3.1. POWER CONNECTION CAUTION ELECTRICAL SHOCK HAZARD CAUTION GENERAL SAFETY HAZARD 3.3.2. ANALOG OUTPUT CONNECTIONS 3.3.3. CONNECTING THE STATUS OUTPUTS Figure 3-8: Status Output Connector Table 3-5: Status Output Signals 3.3.4. CONNECTING THE CONTROL INPUTS + - Figure 3-9: Control Input Connector Table 3-6: Control Input Signals 3.4. PNEUMATIC CONNECTIONS 3.4.1. CALIBRATION GASES 3.4.1.1. Zero Air 3.4.1.2. Span Gas 3.4.2. PNEUMATIC CONNECTIONS TO GFC 7001E/EM BASIC CONFIGURATION CAUTION 3.4.2.1. Sample Gas Source 3.4.2.2. Calibration Gas Sources 3.4.2.3. Input Gas Venting 3.4.2.4. Exhaust Outlet 3.5. INITIAL OPERATION 3.5.1. STARTUP 3.5.2. WARM UP 3.5.3. WARNING MESSAGES Table 3-9: Possible Warning Messages at Start-Up 3.5.4. FUNCTIONAL CHECK 3.6. INITIAL CALIBRATION OF THE GFC 7001E/EM 3.6.1. INTERFERENTS FOR CO2 MEASUREMENTS 3.6.2. INITIAL CALIBRATION PROCEDURE FOR GFC 7001E/EM ANALYZERS WITHOUT OPTIONS 3.6.2.1. Verifying the GFC 7001E/EM Reporting Range Settings Page Page 3.6.2.4. Zero/Span Calibration To perform the zero/span calibration procedure, press: 3.6.3. O2 SENSOR CALIBRATION PROCEDURE 3.6.4. CO2 SENSOR CALIBRATION PROCEDURE The GFC 7001E/EM Analyzer is now ready for operation 4. FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS 4.1. FAQS 4.2. GLOSSARY Page Page 5. OPTIONAL HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE 5.1. EXTERNAL PUMPS (OPTIONS 10A-10E, 11, 13) 5.2. RACK MOUNT KITS (OPT 20 TO OPT 23) 5.3. CARRYING STRAP/HANDLE (OPT 29) 5.4. CURRENT LOOP ANALOG OUTPUTS (OPTION 41) 5.4.1. CONVERTING CURRENT LOOP ANALOG OUTPUTS TO STANDARD VOLTAGE OUTPUTS 5.5. EXPENDABLES AND SPARES KITS (OPTIONS 42A, 45) 5.6. CALIBRATION VALVES (OPTIONS 50A, 50B, 50E, 50H) 5.6.1. GENERAL INFORMATION RELATED TO ALL VALVE OPTIONS 5.6.1.1. Gas Flow Rate 5.6.1.2. Valve Control Page 5.6.2.2. Pneumatic Set Up (OPT 50A) 5.6.2.3. Input Gas Venting 5.6.2.4. Exhaust Outlet 5.6.3. ZERO/SPAN/SHUTOFF VALVE (OPTION 50B) 5.6.3.1. Internal Pneumatics (OPT 50B) 5.6.3.2. Pneumatic Set Up (OPT 50B) 5.6.4. ZERO/SPAN VALVE WITH INTERNAL CO SCRUBBER (OPTION 50H) 5.6.4.1. Internal Pneumatics (OPT 50H) Optional Hardware and Software Model GFC7001E Carbon Dioxide Analyzer Teledyne Analytical Instruments 70 5.6.4.2. Pneumatic Set Up (OPT 50H) 5.6.5. ZERO/SPAN/SHUTOFF WITH INTERNAL ZERO AIR SCRUBBER (OPTION 50E) 5.6.5.1. Internal Pneumatics (OPT 50E) 5.6.5.2. Pneumatic Set Up (OPT 50E) 5.7. COMMUNICATION OPTIONS 5.7.1. RS-232 MODEM CABLE (OPTION 60A) 60C 60A 60B 5.7.3. ETHERNET (OPTION 63A) 5.7.4. ETHERNET + MULTIDROP (OPT 63C) 5.8. SECOND GAS SENSORS 5.8.1. OXYGEN SENSOR (OPTION 65A) 5.8.1.1. Theory of Operation - Paramagnetic measurement of O2 5.8.1.2. Operation within the GFC 7001E/EM Analyzer 5.8.1.3. Pneumatic Operation of the O2 Sensor Optional Hardware and Software Model GFC7001E Carbon Dioxide Analyzer Teledyne Analytical Instruments 77 5.9. CARBON DIOXIDE SENSOR (OPTION 67A) 5.9.1. CO2 SENSOR RANGES AND SPECIFICATIONS 67A 5.9.2. THEORY OF OPERATION 5.9.2.1. NDIR measurement of CO2 5.9.2.2. Operation within the GFC 7001E/EM Analyzer 5.9.2.3. Pneumatic Operation of the CO2 Sensor 5.9.2.4. Electronic Operation of the CO2 Sensor 5.10. CONCENTRATION ALARM RELAY (OPTION 61) Page 5.11. SPECIAL FEATURES 5.11.1. DILUTION RATIO OPTION 5.11.2. MAINTENANCE MODE SWITCH 5.11.3. SECOND LANGUAGE SWITCH Page Page 6. BASIC OPERATION 6.1. OVERVIEW OF OPERATING MODES MODE EXPLANATION 6.2. SAMPLE MODE Table 6-2: Test Functions Defined 6.3. WARNING MESSAGES 6.4. CALIBRATION MODE 6.5. SETUP MODE 6.5.1. SETUP CFG: CONFIGURATION INFORMATION 6.5.2. SETUP ACAL: AUTOMATIC CALIBRATION 6.5.3. SETUP PASS: PASSWORD FEATURE Page Page Page Page 6.6. SETUP RNGE: ANALOG OUTPUT REPORTING RANGE CONFIGURATION 6.6.1. PHYSICAL RANGE VERSUS ANALOG OUTPUT REPORTING RANGES 6.6.2. ANALOG OUTPUT RANGES FOR CO CONCENTRATION A NALOG OUT 6.6.3. REPORTING RANGE MODES Page 6.6.3.2. RNGE MODE DUAL: Configuring the GFC 7001E/EM Analyzer for DUAL Range Mode Page 6.6.3.3. RNGE MODE AUTO: Configuring the GFC 7001E/EM Analyzer for AUTO Range Mode Page 6.6.4. SETUP RNGE UNIT: SETTING THE REPORTING RANGE UNITS OF MEASURE 6.6.5. SETUP RNGE DIL: USING THE OPTIONAL DILUTION RATIO FEATURE 7. ADVANCED FEATURES 7.1. SETUP IDAS: USING THE DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEM (IDAS) On Blinking Off 7.1.2. IDAS STRUCTURE 7.1.2.1. iDAS Channels 7.1.3. DEFAULT IDAS CHANNELS Page 7.1.4. SETUP DAS VIEW: VIEWING IDAS CHANNELS AND INDIVIDUAL RECORDS iDAS data and settings can be viewed on the front panel through the following keystroke sequence. 7.1.5. SETUP DAS EDIT: ACCESSING THE IDAS EDIT MODE Page 7.1.5.2. Editing iDAS Triggering Events 7.1.5.3. Editing iDAS Parameters Page Page 7.1.5.5. Report Periods in Progress When Instrument Is Powered Off 7.1.5.6. Editing the Number of Records Page Page 7.1.5.9. The Compact Report Feature 7.1.5.10. The Starting Date Feature 7.1.6. DISABLING/ENABLING DATA CHANNELS 7.1.7. REMOTE IDAS CONFIGURATION 7.1.7.2. iDAS Configuration Using Terminal Emulation Programs Advanced Features Model GFC7001E Carbon Dioxide Analyzer Teledyne Analytical Instruments 125 7.2. SETUP MORE VARS: INTERNAL VARIABLES (VARS) 4 3 2 1 To access and navigate the VARS menu, use the following key sequence. In all cases: discards the new setting. accepts the new setting. 7.3. SETUP MORE DIAG: USING THE DIAGNOSTICS FUNCTIONS Page Advanced Features Model GFC7001E Carbon Dioxide Analyzer Teledyne Analytical Instruments 129 7.4. USING THE GFC 7001E/EM ANALYZERS ANALOG OUTPUTS. 7.4.1. ACCESSING THE ANALOG OUTPUT SIGNAL CONFIGURATION SUBMENU Page 7.4.2. ANALOG OUTPUT VOLTAGE / CURRENT RANGE SELECTION Page 7.4.3. CALIBRATION OF THE ANALOG OUTPUTS Page Page Page 7.4.3.4. Manual Calibration of the Analog Outputs Configured for Voltage Ranges Page 7.4.3.5. Manual Adjustment of Current Loop Output Span and Offset Page Page 7.4.4. TURNING AN ANALOG OUTPUT OVER-RANGE FEATURE ON/OFF 7.4.5. ADDING A RECORDER OFFSET TO AN ANALOG OUTPUT 7.4.6. SELECTING A TEST CHANNEL FUNCTION FOR OUTPUT A4 * To activate the TEST Channel and select CO MEASURE a function, press: setting. accepts the new setting. 7.4.7. AIN CALIBRATION 7.5. SETUP MORE ALRM: USING THE GAS CONCENTRATION ALARMS ALARM STATUS LIMIT SET POINT 7.5.1. SETTING THE GFC 7001E CONCENTRATION ALARM LIMITS Page 8. REMOTE OPERATION 8.1. SETUP MORE COMM: USING THE ANALYSERS COMMUNICATION PORTS 8.1.1. RS-232 DTE AND DCE COMMUNICATION 8.1.2. COMM PORT DEFAULT SETTINGS Page Page 8.1.4. COMM PORT COMMUNICATION MODES Note Communication Modes for each COMM port must be configured independently. Page 8.1.5. COMM PORT TESTING 8.1.6. MACHINE ID 8.1.7. TERMINAL OPERATING MODES 8.1.7.1. Help Commands in Terminal Mode 8.1.7.2. Command Syntax 8.1.7.3. Data Types 8.1.7.4. Status Reporting 8.1.7.5. COMM Port Password Security 8.2. MULTIDROP RS-232 SET UP Remote Operation Model GFC7001E Carbon Dioxide Analyzer Teledyne Analytical Instruments 161 CALIBRATOR CALIBRATOR TAPI Analyzer Last INSTRUMENT 8.3. RS-485 CONFIGURATION OF COM2 Page 8.4. REMOTE ACCESS VIA THE ETHERNET 8.4.1. ETHERNET CARD COM2 COMMUNICATION MODES AND BAUD RATE 8.4.2. CONFIGURING THE ETHERNET INTERFACE OPTION USING DHCP Page 8.4.3. MANUALLY CONFIGURING THE NETWORK IP ADDRESSES Page Page 8.4.4. CHANGING THE ANALYZERS HOSTNAME 8.5. MODBUS SETUP Minimum Requirements Actions 8.5.1. REMOTE ACCESS BY MODEM Page Page 8.6. USING THE GFC 7001E/EM WITH A HESSEN PROTOCOL NETWORK 8.6.1. GENERAL OVERVIEW OF HESSEN PROTOCOL 8.6.2. HESSEN COMM PORT CONFIGURATION 8.6.3. ACTIVATING HESSEN PROTOCOL 8.6.4. SELECTING A HESSEN PROTOCOL TYPE 8.6.5. SETTING THE HESSEN PROTOCOL RESPONSE MODE Remote Operation Model GFC7001E Carbon Dioxide Analyzer 8.6.6. HESSEN PROTOCOL GAS LIST ENTRIES 8.6.6.1. Gas List Entry Format and Definitions [GAS TYPE],[RANGE],[GAS ID],[REPORTED] CO, 0, 310, REPORTED CO2, 0, 311, REPORTED O2, 0, 312, REPORTED CO, 2, 310, REPORTED Page Page 8.6.7. SETTING HESSEN PROTOCOL STATUS FLAGS OPERATIONAL FLAGS1 SPARE/UNUSED BITS UNASSIGNED FLAGS (0000) 8.6.8. INSTRUMENT ID CODE 8.7. APICOM REMOTE CONTROL PROGRAM 9. CALIBRATION PROCEDURES 9.1. BEFORE CALIBRATION 9.1.1. REQUIRED EQUIPMENT, SUPPLIES, AND EXPENDABLES 9.1.2. CALIBRATION GASES 9.1.2.1. Zero Air 9.1.2.2. Span Gas 9.1.3. DATA RECORDING DEVICES Page Page 9.2.2. PERFORMING A BASIC MANUAL CALIBRATION CHECK 9.2.3. PERFORMING A BASIC MANUAL CALIBRATION 9.2.3.1. Setting the Expected Span Gas Concentration Page 9.3. MANUAL CALIBRATION WITH ZERO/SPAN VALVES 9.3.1. SETUP FOR CALIBRATION USING VALVE OPTIONS Page Page 9.3.3. MANUAL CALIBRATION USING VALVE OPTIONS 9.3.3.1. Setting the Expected Span Gas Concentration Page 9.3.3.3. Use of Zero/Span Valve with Remote Contact Closure 9.4. AUTOMATIC ZERO/SPAN CAL/CHECK (AUTOCAL) Page Page 9.4.1. SETUP ACAL: PROGRAMMING AND AUTO CAL SEQUENCE Page 9.4.1.1. AutoCal with Auto or Dual Reporting Ranges Modes Selected 9.5. CO CALIBRATION QUALITY 9.6. CALIBRATION OF THE GFC 7001E/EMS ELECTRONIC SUBSYSTEMS 9.6.1. DARK CALIBRATION TEST 9.6.2. PRESSURE CALIBRATION 9.6.3. FLOW CALIBRATION Page 9.7. CALIBRATION OF OPTIONAL SENSORS 9.7.1. O2 SENSOR CALIBRATION PROCEDURE 9.7.1.1. O2 Calibration Setup Page Page Page 9.7.2. CO2 SENSOR CALIBRATION PROCEDURE 9.7.2.1. CO2 Calibration Setup 9.7.2.2. Set CO2 Span Gas Concentration: Page Page Page 10. EPA CALIBRATION PROTOCOL 10.1. CALIBRATION REQUIREMENTS 10.1.1. CALIBRATION OF EQUIPMENT - GENERAL GUIDELINES 10.1.2. CALIBRATION EQUIPMENT, SUPPLIES, AND EXPENDABLES 10.1.2.1. Data Recording Device 10.1.2.2. Spare Parts and Expendable Supplies 10.1.3. RECOMMENDED STANDARDS FOR ESTABLISHING TRACEABILITY 10.1.4. CALIBRATION FREQUENCY 10.1.5. LEVEL 1 CALIBRATIONS VERSUS LEVEL 2 CHECKS 10.2. ZERO AND SPAN CHECKS 10.2.1. ZERO/SPAN CHECK PROCEDURES 10.2.2. PRECISION CHECK 10.3. PRECISIONS CALIBRATION 10.3.1. PRECISION CALIBRATION PROCEDURES 10.4. AUDITING PROCEDURE 10.4.1. CALIBRATION AUDIT 10.4.2. DATA REDUCTION AUDIT 10.4.3. SYSTEM AUDIT/VALIDATION 10.5. DYNAMIC MULTIPOINT CALIBRATION PROCEDURE 10.5.1. LINEARITY TEST Page 10.6. REFERENCES Page Page 11. THEORY OF OPERATION 11.1. MEASUREMENT METHOD 11.1.1. BEERS LAW I = Io e-Lc I I L C 11.2. MEASUREMENT FUNDAMENTALS 11.2.1. GAS FILTER CORRELATION 11.2.1.1. The GFC Wheel 11.2.1.2. The Measure Reference Ratio 11.2.1.3. Summary Interference Rejection 11.3. PNEUMATIC OPERATION 11.4. FLOW RATE CONTROL 11.4.1.1. Critical Flow Orifice 11.4.2. PARTICULATE FILTER 11.4.3. PNEUMATIC SENSORS 11.4.3.1. Sample Pressure Sensor 11.4.3.2. Sample Flow Sensor 11.5. ELECTRONIC OPERATION 11.5.1. OVERVIEW PC 104 CPU Card PC 104 Bus MOTHER BOARD Sensor Status & Control Optical Bench RELAY BOARD SYNC DEMOD 11.5.2. CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU) 11.5.3. OPTICAL BENCH & GFC WHEEL 11.5.3.1. Temperature Control 11.5.3.2. IR Source 11.5.3.3. GFC Wheel Page 11.5.3.4. IR Photo-Detector 11.5.4. SYNCHRONOUS DEMODULATOR (SYNC/DEMOD) ASSEMBLY 11.5.4.1. Overview Sample & Hold Circuits (x4) CO Reference 11.5.4.2. Signal Synchronization and Demodulation 11.5.4.3. Sync/Demod Status LEDs 11.5.4.4. Photo-Detector Temperature Control 11.5.4.5. Dark Calibration Switch 11.5.4.6. Electric Test Switch 11.5.5. RELAY BOARD 11.5.5.1. Heater Control 11.5.5.2. GFC Wheel Motor Control: 11.5.5.3. Zero/Span Valve Options 11.5.5.4. IR Source RELAY PCA PN 04135 11.5.5.6. I2C Watch Dog Circuitry 11.5.6. MOTHERBOARD 11.5.6.1. A to D Conversion 11.5.6.2. Sensor Inputs 11.5.6.3. Thermistor Interface 11.5.6.4. Analog Outputs 11.5.6.5. Internal Digital I/O 11.5.6.6. External Digital I/O 11.5.7. I2C DATA BUS 11.5.8. POWER SUPPLY/ CIRCUIT BREAKER Page 11.5.9. COMMUNICATION INTERFACE A4 FRONT PANEL DISPLAY Mother Board 11.5.10. FRONT PANEL INTERFACE 11.5.10.1. Analyzer Status LEDs 11.5.10.2. Keyboard 11.5.10.3. Display 11.5.10.4. Keyboard/Display Interface Electronics Keypad Decoder 2 x 40 CHAR. VACUUM FLUORESCENT DISPLAY I2C Interface Page Page 11.5.11. SOFTWARE OPERATION 11.5.12. ADAPTIVE FILTER 11.5.13. CALIBRATION - SLOPE AND OFFSET 11.5.14. MEASUREMENT ALGORITHM 11.5.15. TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE COMPENSATION 11.5.16. INTERNAL DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEM (IDAS) Page 12. MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE & PROCEDURES 12.1. MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE Page ITEM ACTION FREQ CAL CHECK REQD MANUAL DATE PERFORMED Page 12.2. PREDICTING FAILURES USING THE TEST FUNCTIONS 12.3. MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES 12.3.1. REPLACING THE SAMPLE PARTICULATE FILTER 12.3.2. REBUILDING THE SAMPLE PUMP 12.3.3. PERFORMING LEAK CHECKS 12.3.3.1. Vacuum Leak Check and Pump Check 12.3.3.2. Pressure Leak Check 12.3.4. PERFORMING A SAMPLE FLOW CHECK 12.3.5. CLEANING THE OPTICAL BENCH 12.3.6. CLEANING EXTERIOR SURFACES OF THE GFC 7001E/EM Troubleshooting & Repair Model GFC7001E Carbon Dioxide Analyzer 13. TROUBLESHOOTING & REPAIR NOTE QUALIFIED PERSONNEL CAUTION G 13.1. GENERAL TROUBLESHOOTING 13.1.1. FAULT DIAGNOSIS WITH WARNING MESSAGES Table 13-1: Warning Messages - Indicated Failures 13.1.2. FAULT DIAGNOSIS WITH TEST FUNCTIONS INDICATED FAILURE(S) PRES SAMPLE FL SAMP TEMP BENCH TEMP WHEEL TEMP BOX TEMP Table 13-2: Test Functions - Indicated Failures (cont.) OFFSET SLOPE PHT DRIVE 13.1.3. DIAG SIGNAL I/O: USING THE DIAGNOSTIC SIGNAL I/O FUNCTION 13.1.4. INTERNAL ELECTRONIC STATUS LEDS 13.1.4.1. CPU Status Indicator Motherboard P/N 04069 13.1.4.2. Sync Demodulator Status LEDs D2 Segment Sensor Status JP4 Connector to Opto-Pickup Board 13.1.4.3. Relay Board Status LEDs STATUS LEDs DC VOLTAGE TEST POINTS RELAY PCA PN 04135 Table 13-5: Relay Board Status LED Failure Indications 13.2. GAS FLOW PROBLEMS 13.2.1. GFC 7001E/EM INTERNAL GAS FLOW DIAGRAMS Page Page Page 13.2.2. TYPICAL SAMPLE GAS FLOW PROBLEMS 13.2.2.1. Flow is Zero 13.2.2.2. Low Flow 13.2.2.3. High Flow 13.2.2.4. Displayed Flow = Warnings 13.3. CALIBRATION PROBLEMS 13.3.1. MISCALIBRATED 13.3.2. NON-REPEATABLE ZERO AND SPAN 13.3.3. INABILITY TO SPAN NO SPAN KEY 13.3.4. INABILITY TO ZERO NO ZERO KEY Troubleshooting & Repair Model GFC7001E Carbon Dioxide Analyzer 13.4. OTHER PERFORMANCE PROBLEMS 13.4.1. TEMPERATURE PROBLEMS 13.4.1.1. Box or Sample Temperature 13.4.1.2. Bench Temperature CAUTION ELECTRICAL SHOCK HAZARD Troubleshooting & Repair Model GFC7001E Carbon Dioxide Analyzer 13.4.1.3. GFC Wheel Temperature CAUTION ELECTRICAL SHOCK HAZARD 13.4.1.4. IR Photo-Detector TEC Temperature 13.4.2. EXCESSIVE NOISE 13.5. SUBSYSTEM CHECKOUT 13.5.1. AC MAINS CONFIGURATION 13.5.2. DC POWER SUPPLY 13.5.3. I2C BUS 13.5.4. KEYBOARD/DISPLAY INTERFACE 13.5.5. RELAY BOARD 13.5.6. SENSOR ASSEMBLY 13.5.6.1. Sync/Demodulator Assembly 13.5.6.2. Electrical Test 13.5.6.3. Opto Pickup Assembly 13.5.6.4. GFC Wheel Drive 13.5.6.5. IR Source 13.5.6.6. Pressure/Flow Sensor Assembly 13.5.7. MOTHERBOARD 13.5.7.1. A/D Functions 13.5.7.2. Test Channel / Analog Outputs Voltage 13.5.7.3. Analog Outputs: Current Loop 13.5.7.4. Status Outputs 13.5.7.5. Control Inputs Remote Zero, Span 13.5.8. CPU 13.5.9. RS-232 COMMUNICATIONS 13.5.9.1. General RS-232 Troubleshooting 13.5.9.2. Troubleshooting Analyzer/Modem or Terminal Operation 13.5.10. THE OPTIONAL CO2 SENSOR 13.6. REPAIR PROCEDURES 13.6.1. REPAIRING SAMPLE FLOW CONTROL ASSEMBLY 13.6.2. REMOVING/REPLACING THE GFC WHEEL Page 13.6.3. CHECKING AND ADJUSTING THE SYNC/DEMODULATOR, CIRCUIT GAIN (CO MEAS) 13.6.3.1. Checking the Sync/Demodulator Circuit Gain 13.6.3.2. Adjusting the Sync/Demodulator, Circuit Gain Sync/Demod PCA Housing Housing Mounting Screws V R1 Adjustment Made He re Troubleshooting & Repair Model GFC7001E Carbon Dioxide Analyzer 13.6.4. DISK-ON-MODULE REPLACEMENT PROCEDURE 13.7. TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TELEDYNE ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGIES 14. A PRIMER ON ELECTRO-STATIC DISCHARGE 14.1. HOW STATIC CHARGES ARE CREATED 14.2. HOW ELECTRO-STATIC CHARGES CAUSE DAMAGE 14.3. COMMON MYTHS ABOUT ESD DAMAGE 14.4. BASIC PRINCIPLES OF STATIC CONTROL 14.4.1. GENERAL RULES Page 14.4.2. BASIC ANTI-ESD PROCEDURES FOR ANALYZER REPAIR AND MAINTENANCE 14.4.2.1. Working at the Instrument Rack 14.4.2.2. Working at an Anti-ESD Work Bench 14.4.2.3. Transferring Components from Rack to Bench and Back 14.4.2.4. Opening Shipments from Teledyne Customer Service 14.4.2.5. Packing Components for Return to Teledynes Customer Service CAUTION ESD Hazard Page 6 A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P R S T U V W Z