Chapter 2 Alarm Troubleshooting

2.7.198 SD

SONET Logical Object: EQPT

The Run Configuration Save Needed condition occurs when you change the running configuration file for ML-100T-8 card. It is a reminder that you must save the change to the startup configuration file for it to be permanent.

The condition clears after you save the running configuration to the startup configuration, such as by entering the following command at the CLI:

copy run start

at the privileged EXEC mode of the Cisco IOS CLI. If you do not save the change, the change is lost after the card reboots. If the command “copy run start” is executed in configuration mode and not privileged EXEC mode, the running configuration will be saved, but the alarm will not clear.

2.7.198 SD

Default Severity: Not Alarmed (NA), Non-Service-Affecting (NSA)

SONET Logical Objects: DS1, DS3

ASignal Degrade condition for a DS-1 or DS-3 signal on a 15310-CL-CTX, DS1-28/DS3-EC1-3, or DS1-84/DS3-EC1-3 card occurs when the quality of an electrical signal has exceeded the BER signal degrade threshold. Signal degrade is defined by Telcordia as a soft failure condition. SD and signal fail (SF) both monitor the incoming BER and are similar conditions, but SD is triggered at a lower bit error rate than SF.

The BER threshold is user-provisionable and has a range for SD from 1E–9 dBm to 1E–5 dBm.

SD can be reported on electrical ports that are In-Service and Normal (IS-NR); Out-of-Service and Autonomous, Automatic In-Service (OOS-AU,AIS); or OOS-MA,MT, but not in the Out-of-Service and Management, Disabled (OOS-MA,DSBLD) service state. The BER count increase associated with this alarm does not take an IS-NR port out of service, but if it occurs on an AINS port, the alarm prevents the port from going into service.

The SD condition clears when the BER level falls to one-tenth of the threshold level that triggered the condition. A BER increase is sometimes caused by a physical fiber problem (including a faulty fiber connection), a bend in the fiber that exceeds the permitted bend radius, or a bad fiber splice. SD can also be caused by repeated 15310-CL-CTX card resets that in turn can cause switching on the lines or paths.

Warning Invisible laser radiation could be emitted from the end of the unterminated fiber cable or connector. Do not stare into the beam directly with optical instruments. Viewing the laser output with certain optical instruments (for example, eye loupes, magnifiers, and microscopes) within a distance of 100 mm could pose an eye hazard. Statement 1056

Warning Use of controls, adjustments, or performing procedures other than those specified could result in hazardous radiation exposure. Statement 1057

Note Some levels of BER errors (such as 1E–9 dBm) take a long period of time to raise or clear, about 9,000 seconds, or 150 minutes. If the SD threshold is provisioned at 1E–9 dBm rate, the SD alarm needs at least one and one-half hours to raise and then another period at least as long to clear.

Cisco ONS 15310-CL and Cisco ONS 15310-MA Troubleshooting Guide, R7.0

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ONS 15310-CL, ONS 15310-MA specifications

Cisco Systems has long been a leader in networking and telecommunications technology, and among its impressive lineup of products, the Cisco ONS 15310 series stands out as an essential solution for optical networking. This series includes models such as the ONS 15310-MA, ONS 15310-CL, and ONS 15310-CA, each designed to meet the diverse needs of service providers and enterprises seeking to enhance their optical transport networks.

The Cisco ONS 15310-MA is an advanced multi-service platform designed for metropolitan area networks. It facilitates the seamless transport of data, voice, and video over optical networks. One of its main features is its ability to support a variety of interfaces, including Ethernet, SONET/SDH, and Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM), allowing users to integrate multiple services into a single platform. Additionally, the ONS 15310-MA supports advanced traffic management and Quality of Service (QoS) features to prioritize critical applications and ensure consistent performance.

The ONS 15310-CL variant is tailored for more specific applications, providing enhanced capabilities aimed at delivering carrier-grade services. It features a robust architecture that accommodates high-capacity traffic without compromising reliability. This model emphasizes low power consumption and a compact design, making it suitable for deployment in space-constrained environments. The ONS 15310-CL also supports a wide range of optical interfaces, making it highly flexible for various network configurations.

In terms of technologies, the Cisco ONS 15310 series leverages Optical Transport Network (OTN) capabilities, providing high efficiency and greater bandwidth utilization. OTN technology enables efficient error correction and adds resilience to the network through its built-in protection mechanisms. Furthermore, the series supports seamless integration with existing IP/MPLS networks, creating a cohesive infrastructure as organizations evolve their networking requirements.

One of the defining characteristics of the ONS 15310 series is its focus on scalability. Network operators can start with a modest deployment and gradually expand capacity as demand grows. This adaptability is complemented by Cisco's comprehensive management and monitoring tools, providing operators with real-time insights into network performance and facilitating proactive management.

In conclusion, the Cisco ONS 15310-MA and ONS 15310-CL models represent sophisticated solutions for modern optical networks. With their versatile features, advanced technologies, and robust design, they empower service providers and enterprises to build resilient, high-capacity networks that meet the demands of today’s data-driven world.
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