Chapter 2 Alarm Troubleshooting

2.5 Trouble Notifications

2.5 Trouble Notifications

The ONS 15310-CL and ONS 15310-MA systems report trouble by utilizing standard alarm and condition characteristics, standard severities following the rules in Telcordia GR-253-CORE, and graphical user interface (GUI) state indicators. These notifications are described in the following sections.

The ONS 15310-CL and ONS 15310-MA use standard Telcordia categories to characterize levels of trouble. The system reports trouble notifications as alarms and status or descriptive notifications (if configured to do so) as conditions in the CTC Alarms window. Alarms typically signify a problem that the user needs to remedy, such as a loss of signal. Conditions do not necessarily require troubleshooting.

2.5.1 Alarm Characteristics

The ONS 15310-CL and ONS 15310-MA use standard alarm entities to identify what is causing trouble. All alarms stem from hardware, software, environment, or operator-originated problems whether or not they affect service. Current alarms for the network, CTC session, node, or card are listed in the Alarms tab. (In addition, cleared alarms are found in the History tab.)

2.5.2 Condition Characteristics

Conditions include any problem detected on an ONS 15310-CL or ONS 15310-MA shelf. They can include standing or transient notifications. A snapshot of all current raised, standing conditions on the network, node, or card can be retrieved in the CTC Conditions window or using TL1's set of RTRV-COND commands. (In addition, some but not all cleared conditions are found in the History tab.)

For a comprehensive list of all conditions, refer to the Cisco SONET TL1 Command Guide. For more information about transient conditions, see Chapter 3, “Transient Conditions.”

2.5.3 Severities

The ONS 15310-CL and ONS 15310-MA use Telcordia-devised standard severities for alarms and conditions: Critical (CR), Major (MJ), Minor (MN), Not Alarmed (NA) and Not Reported (NR). These are described as follows:

•A Critical (CR) alarm generally indicates severe, Service-Affecting (SA) trouble that needs immediate correction. Loss of traffic on an STS-1, which can hold 28 DS-1 circuits, would be a Critical (CR), Service-Affecting (SA) alarm.

•A Major (MJ) alarm is a serious alarm, but the trouble has less impact on the network. For example, loss of traffic on more than five DS-1 circuits is Critical (CR), but loss of traffic on one to four DS-1 circuits is Major (MJ).

•Minor (MN) alarms generally are those that do not affect service. For example, the automatic protection switching (APS) byte failure (APSB) alarm indicates that line terminating equipment (LTE) detects a byte failure on the signal that could prevent traffic from properly executing a traffic switch.

•Not Alarmed (NA) conditions are information indicators, such as for the free-run synchronization state (FRNGSYNC) or a forced-switch to primary timing source event (FRCSWTOPRI). They could or could not require troubleshooting, as indicated in the entries.

Cisco ONS 15310-CL and Cisco ONS 15310-MA Troubleshooting Guide, R7.0

2-14

Page 123 Page 125
Page 124
Image 124
Cisco Systems ONS 15310-CL manual Trouble Notifications, Alarm Characteristics, Condition Characteristics, Severities
Page 123 Page 125

ONS 15310-CL, ONS 15310-MA specifications

Cisco Systems has long been a leader in networking and telecommunications technology, and among its impressive lineup of products, the Cisco ONS 15310 series stands out as an essential solution for optical networking. This series includes models such as the ONS 15310-MA, ONS 15310-CL, and ONS 15310-CA, each designed to meet the diverse needs of service providers and enterprises seeking to enhance their optical transport networks.

The Cisco ONS 15310-MA is an advanced multi-service platform designed for metropolitan area networks. It facilitates the seamless transport of data, voice, and video over optical networks. One of its main features is its ability to support a variety of interfaces, including Ethernet, SONET/SDH, and Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM), allowing users to integrate multiple services into a single platform. Additionally, the ONS 15310-MA supports advanced traffic management and Quality of Service (QoS) features to prioritize critical applications and ensure consistent performance.

The ONS 15310-CL variant is tailored for more specific applications, providing enhanced capabilities aimed at delivering carrier-grade services. It features a robust architecture that accommodates high-capacity traffic without compromising reliability. This model emphasizes low power consumption and a compact design, making it suitable for deployment in space-constrained environments. The ONS 15310-CL also supports a wide range of optical interfaces, making it highly flexible for various network configurations.

In terms of technologies, the Cisco ONS 15310 series leverages Optical Transport Network (OTN) capabilities, providing high efficiency and greater bandwidth utilization. OTN technology enables efficient error correction and adds resilience to the network through its built-in protection mechanisms. Furthermore, the series supports seamless integration with existing IP/MPLS networks, creating a cohesive infrastructure as organizations evolve their networking requirements.

One of the defining characteristics of the ONS 15310 series is its focus on scalability. Network operators can start with a modest deployment and gradually expand capacity as demand grows. This adaptability is complemented by Cisco's comprehensive management and monitoring tools, providing operators with real-time insights into network performance and facilitating proactive management.

In conclusion, the Cisco ONS 15310-MA and ONS 15310-CL models represent sophisticated solutions for modern optical networks. With their versatile features, advanced technologies, and robust design, they empower service providers and enterprises to build resilient, high-capacity networks that meet the demands of today’s data-driven world.
Top Page Image Contents