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AI2524 user manual
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418 pages, 2.69 Mb
AISwitch
TM
AI2524 Router
User’s Manual
Applied Innovation Inc.
August 1997
Contents
Main
Page
Page
AI2524 Router Users Manual
Copyright Notice
FCC Warning
Electrostatic Discharge Warning
Specifications are subject to change without notice. Applied Innovation Inc.
Contents
Page
Chapter 6: Using the System Configuration Dialog.................................................6-1
Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP Configuration Steps................................................9-1
Page
Chapter 11: AI2524 Sync PPP Configuration Steps...............................................11-1
Page
Chapter 13: AI2524 Frame Relay Configuration Steps.........................................13-1
Page
Page
Chapter 1: Introduction
Documentation Overview
Page
Related Documentation
Contact Information
Text Conventions
Variable Arguments
switch_name
filename...
directory
n
directory
file
Page
Page
Chapter 2: AI2524 Overview
Introduction
T1 CSU/DSU
Four Wires 56K CSU/DSU
5-IN-1 Serial Cable Interface
Software Features and Functions
Scalability
Reliable, Adaptive Routing
Remote Access and Protocol Translation
Chapter 2: AI2524 Overview
Figure 2-1:Remote Access Functionality
Management and Security
Software Specifications
Supported Network Protocols
WAN protocols
Network protocols
IP Routing Protocols
Connections
Page
Chapter 3: Configuration Overview
Introduction
Boot Router for First Time
Configure the Router
Using Configuration Mode
Show Configuration
Save the Configuration
Configuration Overviews
Use Configuration Builder
Use the Command Interpreter
Page
Use the Web Browser Interface
Configuration Storage and Hot Swap
Always Modify the Configuration Using Menu 4.18
Store the Configuration on the AI198 Card
Chapter 4: Understanding the User Interface
Introduction
Command Line Interface
End a Session
User Interface Task List
Command Modes
Page
August 1997 Page 4-5
type numbe
name
tag
keyword
User EXEC Mode Commands
num- ber
mode name
or
Privileged EXEC Mode Commands
Page 4-8 August 1997
ROM Monitor Mode Commands
Page
Page
August 1997 Page 4-11
Interface Configuration Mode Commands
August 1997 Page 4-13
Subinterface Configuration Mode Commands
August 1997 Page 4-15
Router Configuration Mode
Router configuration commands co nfigure an IP routing protocol.
AI2524 Router Card Users Manual
Page 4-16 August 1997 2524UM
IPX-Router Configuration Mode
Route-Map Configuration Mode
Key Chain Configuration Mode
Key Chain Key Configuration Mode
Response Time Reporter Configuration Mode
Access-List Configuration Mode
Context-Sensitive Help
Help Command Command Format
command
abbreviated- command-entry
abbreviated- command- entry
Get Word Help
Get Command Syntax Help
Get Help for Abbreviated Commands
Examples
Page
Check Command Syntax
Page
Command History Feat u res
History Commands Command Format
number-of- lines]
Editing Features
show
Editing Commands Command Format
Editing Commands (Contd.) Command Format
Edit Command Lines that Wrap
Web Browser Interface
Web Browser Interface Task List
Enable the Web Browser Interface
Use Compatible Hardware and Software
Page
Page
Enter Commands Using the Command Field
Enter Commands Using the URL Window
Chapter 5: Using AutoInstall
Introduction
Preparing for AutoInstall
AutoInstall Requirements
Page
Use a DOS-Based TFTP Server
How AutoInstall Works
Acquire the New Router's IP Address
Page
Page
Page
Download the New Router's Host Configuration File
Page
Perform the AutoInstall Procedure
Modify the Existing Router's Configuration
Use an HDLC-Encapsulated Serial Interface Connection
interface-number
address mask
Use an Ethernet, Token Ring, or FDDI Interface Connection
ethernet |tokenring | fddi} interface-number
address2
Use a Frame Relay-Encapsulated Serial Interface Connection
dlci option
address3
bps1
Set Up the TFTP Server
hostname address
Set Up the BOOTP or RARP Server
Connect the New Router to the Network
existing
newrouter
Use Setup for Configuration Changes
Setup Command Facility Task List
Use Setup after First-Time S tartup
Page
Page
Page 5-22 August 1997
August 1997 Page 5-23
Page 5-24 August 1997
August 1997 Page 5-25
Page 5-26 August 1997
Use the Streamlined Setup Facility
Page
Chapter 6: Using the System Configuration Dialog
Introduction
System Configuration Dialog
Page
Page
Page
August 1997 Page 6-5
Refer to this table for ISDN switch types:
Page
Chapter 7: Manually Loading System Images
Introduction
Page
Retrieve System Images and Configuration Files
Retrieve System Images and Configuration File Task List
device
ip-address
Copy System Images from a Network Server to Flash Memory
xxxx/xxxx
file-
Page
Page
Copy Configuration Files from a Network Server to the Router
Change the Buffer Size for Loading Configuration Files
Verify the Image in Flash Memory
Display System Image and Configuration Information
Page
Reexecute the Configuration Commands in Startup Configuration
Clear the Configuration Information
Perform General Startup Tasks
General Startup Task List
Enter Configuration Mode and Select a Configuration Source
Configure the Cisco IOS software from the Terminal
Configure the Cisco IOS software from Memory
Configure the Cisco IOS software from the Network
network
host
Copy a Configuration File Directly to the Startup Configuration
Modify the Configuration Register Boot Field
How the Router Uses the Boot Field
Setting the Boot Field
Perform the Boot Field Modification Tasks
Specify the Startup Configuration File
Specify the Startup Configuration File Task List
Download the Network Configuration File
Download the Host Configuration File
Page
Store System Images and Configuration Files
Store System Images and Configuration Files Task List
Copy System Images from Flash Memory to a Network Server
Page
Copy Configuration Files from the Router to a Network Server
Perform Startup Tasks
Startup Task List
Partition Flash Memory Using Dual Flash Bank
Systems that Support Dual Flash Bank
Benefits
Flash Load Helper versus Dual Flash Bank
Understanding Relocatable Images
Page
partitions
size1 size2
partition- number:
partition- number:filename
Method of Downloading Result of Booting from Flash
partition-number:
filename
partition-number:filename
partition-number:
Use Flash Load Helper to Upgrade Software on Run-from- Flash Systems
Page
Flash Load Helper Configuration Task List
Download a File Using Flash Load Helper
Page
Page
Page
Monitor Flash L oad Helper
Manually Load a System Image from ROM Monitor
Manually Boot from Flash
Manually Boot from a Network File
Manually Boot from ROM
Use the System Image Instead of Reloading
Page
Chapter 8: AI2524 Protocol Configuration
Introduction
AI2524 OSPF TCP/IP Configuration Steps
Enable OSPF
process-id
area-id
Configure OSPF Interface Parameters
cost
Configure OSPF over Different Physical Networks
Configure OSPF for Nonbroadcast Networks
Configure OSPF Area Parameters
cost
Configure OSPF Not So Stubby Area (NSSA)
Implementation Considerations
Configure Route Summarization between OSPF Areas
Configure Route Summarization When Redistributing Routes into OSPF
Create Virtual Links
Generate a Default Route
Configure Lookup of DNS Names
Force the Router ID Choice with a Loopback Interface
Disable Default OSPF Metric Calculation Based on Bandwidth
Configure OSPF on Simplex Ethernet Interfaces
Configure Route Calculation Timers
spf-delay spf-holdtime
Configure OSPF over On-Demand Circuits
process-id
Network Illustration
AI2524 IGRP TCP/IP Configuration Steps
IGRP Updates
IGRP Configuration Task List
Create the IGRP Routing Process
Allow Point-to-Point Updates for IGRP
Define Unequal-Cost Load Balancing
Control Traffic Distribution
Adjust the IGRP Metric Weights
k1 k2 k3 k4 k5
Disable Holddown
hops
Enforce a Maximum Network Diameter
Validate Source IP Addresses
Network Illustration
Figure 8-1:Interior, System, and Exterior Routes
AI2524 RIP TCP/ IP Configuration
RIP Configuration Task List
Enable RIP
network-number
Allow Point-to-Point Updates for RIP
Specify a RIP Version
Enable RIP Authentication
name-of- chain
Disable Route Summarization
Run IGRP and RIP Concurrently
Disable the Validation of Source IP Addresses
autonomous-system-
sequence-number
Chapter 9: AI2524 OSI/CLNP
Introduction
ISO CLNS Configuration Task List
Understand Addresses
Figure 9-1:NSAP Address Fields
Figure 9-2:Sample Domainand Area Addresses
ISO IGRP NSAP Address
Figure 9-3:ISO IGRP NSAP Addressing Structure
IS-IS NSAP Address
Figure 9-4:IS-IS NSAP Addressing Structure
Addressing Rules
Addressing Examples
Routing Table Example
Page
Understand Routing Processes
Dynamic Routing
Intermediate Systems (IS) and End Systems (ES)
Static Routing
Routing Decisions
Configure ISO IGRP Dynamic Routing
Enable ISO IGRP
network-entity-title
Example: Dynamic Routing within the Same Area
Figure 9-5:CLNS Dynamic Routing within a Single Area
Example: Dynamic Routing in More Than One Area
Figure 9-6:CLNS Dynamic Routing within Two Areas
Example: Dynamic Routing in Overlapping Areas
Page
Page
Page
Router Detroit
Configure ISO IGRP Parameters
Adjust ISO IGRP Metrics
qos k1 k2 k3 k4 k5
Adjust ISO IGRP Timers
update-interval holddown- interval invalidinterval
Enable or Disable Split Horizon
Configure IS-IS Dynamic Routing
Enable IS-IS
network-entity-title
Examples: IS-IS Routing Configuration
Level1 and Level2 Routing
Level2 Routing Only
OSI Configuration
ISO CLNS Dynamic Route Redistribution
Assign Multiple Area Addresses to IS-IS Areas
Examples: NETs Configuration
ISO IGRP
IS-IS
IS-IS Multihoming
Example: Router in Two Areas
ISO IGRP
Figure 9-8:ISO IGRP Configuration
IS-IS
Configure IS-IS Parameters
Specify Router-Lev elSupport
Configure IS-IS Authentication Passwords
Ignore IS-IS Link-State Packet (LSP) Errors
Log Adjacency State Changes
Change IS-IS LSP MTU Size
Configure IS-IS Interface Parameters
Adjust IS-IS Link-State Metrics
default-metric
Set the Advertised Hello Interval and Hello Multiplier
multiplier
Set the Advertised CSNP Interval
Set the Retransmission Interval
Specify Designated Router Election
Specify the Interface Circuit Type
Configure CLNS Static Routing
Enable Static Routes
next-hop-net
nsap-prefix
net-address
Examples: Basic Static Routing
Example 1
Example 2
Figure 9-9:Static Routing
Example: Static Intradomain Routing
Figure 9-10:CLNS X.25 Intradomain Routing
Example: Static InterdomainRo uting
Page
Router B
Configure Variations of the Static Route
nsap-prefix type number
nsap-prefix
snpa-
nsap-prefix type number
nsap snpa
Configure Miscellaneous Features
Specify Shortcut NSAP Addresses
name nsap
Use the IP DomainNa me System to Discover ISO CLNS Addresses
Create Packet-Forwarding Filters and Establish Adjacencies
ename term
sname
name template
Examples: CLNS Filter
Redistribute Routing Information
map-
sequence-
type number...type number
metric-value
tag-value
Examples: Route Map
Specify Preferred Routes
Configure ES-IS Hello Packet Parameters
Page
Configure CLNS over WANs
Example: ISO CLNS over X.25
Page
Router B
Enhance ISO CLNS Performance
Specify the MTU Size
Disable Checksums
Disable Fast Switching Through the Cache
Set the Congestion Threshold
Transmit Error Protocol Data Units (ERPDUs)
Control Redirect Protocol Data Units (RDPDUs)
Configure Parameters for Locally Sourced Packets
Example: Performance Parameters
Monitor and Maintain the ISO CLNS Network
host
domain
area-tag
map-name
lspid
destination
Configure TARP on ISO CLNS
TARP Configuration Task List
Enable TARP and Configure a TARP TID
Disable TARP Caching
Disable TARP PDU Origination and Propagation
Configure Multiple NSAP Addresses
tid nsap
Configure Static TARP Adjacency and Blacklist Adjacency
Determine TIDs and NSAPs
Configure TARP Timers
hops
Configure Miscellaneous TARP PDU Information
selector hex-digit
protocol hex-digit
Monitor and Maintain the TARP Protocol
Examples: TARP Configuration
Basic TARP Configuration Example
Complex TARP Configuration Example
Figure 9-13:Sample TARP Configuration
Chapter 10: Serial Interface Configuration Steps
Chapter 10: Serial Interface
Introduction Configure the Synchronous Serial Interfaces
Page
Chapter 11: AI2524 Sync PPP
Introduction
Configuration Overview
PPP Configuration Task List
Enable PPP Encapsulation
Enable CHAP or PAP Authentication
list-name
secret
Example: CHAP with an Encrypted Password
Enable Link Quality Monitoring (LQM)
percentage
Configure Automatic Detection of Encapsulation Type
encapsulation-type
Configure Compression of PPP Data
Configure IP Address Pooling
Peer Address Allocation
Precedence Rules
Interfaces Affected
Choose the IP Address Assignment Method
Define the Global Default Mechanism
low-ip-
high-ip-address
Configure Per-Interface IP Address Assignment
low-ip-address
high-ip-address
begin- ip-address-range
end-ip-address-range
Configure PPP Callback
Configure a Router as a Callback Client
next-hop-address
hostname dial-string
Example: PPP Callback Client
Configure a Router as a Callback Server
hostname
classname
classname dial-string
protocol address
Example: PPP Callback Server
Disable or Reenable Peer Neighbor Routes
Configure PPP Half-Bridging
Figure11-1: Router Serial Interface Configured as a Half- Bridge
n.n.n.n
network
Configure Multilink PPP
Configure Multilink PPP on Asynchronous Interfaces
load
Configure Multilink PPP on a Single ISDN BRI Interface
ip-address mask
Page
Example: Multilink PPP on One ISDN Interface
Configure Multilink PPP on Multiple ISDN BRI Interfaces
Page
load
August 1997 Page 11-25
Example: Multilink PPP on Multiple ISDN Interfaces
AI2524 Router Card Users Manual
Configure Virtual Private Dial-up Networks
Understand Virtual Priv ate Dial-up Networks
Page
Page
Page
Page
Page
Page
Chapter 12: AI2524 X.25 Configuration
Introduction
X.25 Configuration
Configure Interface
Set the X.25 Mode
Set the Virtual Circuit Ranges
Example: Virtual Circuit Ranges
Set the Packet Numbering Modulo
Set the X.121 Address
address x121-address
Set the Default Flow Control Values
Set Default Window Sizes
Set Default Packet Sizes
Example: Typical X.25 Configuration
Page
Configure Additional X.25 Interface Parameters
Configure the X.25 Level 3 Timers
Configure X.25 Addresses
Understand Normal X.25 Addressing
Understand X.25 Subaddresses
Configure an Interface Alias Address
x121-address-pattern
pattern
Suppress or Replace the Calling Address
Suppress the Called Address
Establish a Default Virtual Circuit Protocol
Disable Packet-Level Protocol (PLP) Restarts
Configure an X.25 Datagram Transport
Figure 12-1: Transporting LAN Protocols across an X.25 Public Data Network (PDN)
Configure Subinterfaces
Understand Point-to-Point and Multipoint Subinterfaces
Create and Configure X.25 Subinterfaces
Example: Point-to-Point Subinterface Configuration
Map Protocol Addresses to X.121 Addresses
Understand Protocol Encapsulation for Single-Protocol and Multiprotocol Virtual Circuits
Understand Protocol Identification
Protocol AI2524
Protocol Identifier
IETF RFC 1356 Protocol Identifier
Map Datagram Addresses to X.25 Hosts
protocol address
protocol2 address2
protocol9 address9
x121-
Configure PAD Access
Establish an Encapsulation PVC
Page
Set X.25 TCP/IP Header Compression
Configure X.25 Bridging
Configure Additional X.25 Datagram Transport Features
x25 map
Configure X.25 Payload Compression
Configure the Encapsulation Virtual Circuit Idle Time
Increase the Number of Virtual Circuits Allowed
Configure the Ignore Destination Time
Establish the Packet Acknowledgment Policy
Configure X.25 User Facilities
Page
Define the Virtual Circuit Packet Hold Queue Size
Restrict Map Usage
Configure X.25 Routing
Enable X.25 Routing
Example: X.25 Route Address Pattern Matching
Figure 12-3:X.25 Route Address Pattern Matching
Configure a Local X.25 Route
Example: X.25 Routing
Configure XOT (Remote) X.25 Route
type
Configure a Locally Switched PVC
number1
number2
Example: PVC Switching on the Same Router
Example: Simple Remote PVC Tunneling
Figure 12-4:X.25 Tunneling Connection
Configure an XOT (Remote) PVC
number1
number2
Example: Remote PVC Tunneling
August 1997 Page 12-37
Figure 12-5:Local Switching and Remote Tunneling PVCs
Configuration for Router X
Configure Additional X.25 Routing Features
Configure XOT to Use Interface Default Flow Control Values
Substitute Addresses in a Local X.25 Route
Configure XOT Alternate Destinations
ip-address2
ip- address6
Configure CMNS Routing
Enable CMNS on an Interface
Specify a CMNS Static Map of Addresses
nsap mac-address
nsap x121-address
Example: CMNS Configured for X.121 and MAC Addresses
Page
Example: CMNS Switched over Leased Lines
Figure 12-7:Example Network Topology for Switching CMNS over a Leased Line
Create X.29 Access Lists
Create an Access List
access-list-number
Example: X.29 Access List
Apply an Access List to a Line
access-list-number
Create an X.29 Profile Script
Example: X.29 Profile Script
Configure LAPB
Configure a LAPB Datagram Transport
Example: Typical LAPB Configuration
Modify LAPB Protocol Parameters
Task (LAPB Parameter) Command Values
or Ranges Default
tries
bits
modulus
Page
Configure LAPB Priority and Custom Queuing
Configure Transparent Bridging over Multiprotocol LAPB
lcn
Monitor and Maintain LAPB and X.25
Example: Transparent Bridging for Multiprotocol LAPB Encapsulation
Example: X.25 Configured to Allow Ping Support over Multiple Lines
Figure 12-8:Parallel Serial Lines to an X.25 Network
Example: Booting from a Network Server over X.25
Page
Page
Chapter 13: AI2524 Frame Relay
Introduction
Figure 13-1:Typical Frame Relay Configuration
Frame Relay Hardware
Frame Relay Configuration Task List
Enable Frame Relay Encapsulation on an Interface
Examples: IETF Encapsulation
Configure Dynamic or Static Address Mapping
Configure Dynamic Mapping
Configure Static Mapping
protocol-address
Examples: Static Address Mapping
Two Routers in Static Mode Example
IPX Routing Example
Configure the LMI
Allow LMI Autosense to Operate
The LMI Autosense Process
Configuring LMI Autosense
Explicitly Configure the LMI
destination
Set the LMI Type
Set the LMI Keepalive Interval
Set the LMI Polling and Timer Intervals
events
keep-exchanges
timer
Configure Frame Relay Switched Virtual Circuits
Configure SVCs on a Physical Interface
mask
Example: SVCs on an Interface
Configure SVCs on a Subinterface (optional)
number.subinterface-
mask
Example: SVCs on a Subinterface
Configure a Map Class
bits
duration
class-name
source-address
Configure a Map Group with E.164 or X.121 Addresses
destination-address
Associate the Map Class with Static Protocol Address Maps
Configure LAPF Parameters
retries
Configure Frame Relay Traffic Shaping
Enable Frame Relay Traffic Shaping on the Interface
Specify a Traffic-Shaping Map Class for the Interface
map-class-name
Define a Map Class with Queuin g and Traffic Shapi ng Parameters
map-class-name
peak
average
Define Access Lists
Define Custom Queue Lists for the Map Class
Example: Frame Relay Traffic Shaping
August 1997 Page 13-17
Customize Frame Relay for Your Network
Configure Frame Relay Subinterfaces
Understand Frame Relay Subinterfaces
Page
Page
Define Subinterface Addressing
Examples: Basic Subinterface
Example: Frame Relay Multipoint Subinterface with Dynamic Addressing
Page
Example: IPX Routes over Frame Relay Subinterfaces
Configure Transparent Bridging for Frame Relay
number.subinterface-number
Example: Unnumbered IP over a Point-to-Point Subinterface
number.subinterface-number
Example: Transparent Bridging Using Subinterfaces
Configure a Backup Interface for a Subinterface
Configure Frame Relay Switching
Figure 13-3:Frame Relay Switched Network
Enable Frame Relay Switching
Configure a Frame Relay DTE Device, DCE Switch, or NNI Support
Specify the Static Route
Example: PVC Switching Configuration
Figure 13-4:PVC Switching Configuration
Page
Page 13-32 August 1997
Configuration for Router A
August 1997 Page 13-33
Configuration for Router C
Page
August 1997 Page 13-35
Configuration for Router B
Page
August 1997 Page 13-37
Configuration for Router A
Configuration for Router D
Disable or Reenable Frame Relay Inverse ARP
protocol dlci
Create a Broadcast Queue for an Interface
size byte-rate packet-rate
Configure Payload Compression
protocol protocol-address
Configure TCP/IP Header Compression
Configure an Individual IP Map for TCP/IP Header
Configure an Interface for TCP/IP Header Compression
Example: IP Map with Inherited TCP/IP Header
Example: Using an IP Map to Override TCP/IP Header
Disable TCP/IP Header Compression
Example: Disabling Inherited TCP/IP Header Compression
Example: Disabling Explicit TCP/IP Header Compression
Configure Discard Eligibility
list-number
characteristic
group-number dlci
Configure DLCI Priority Levels
group- number high-dlci medium-dlci normal-dlci low-dlci
Monitor the Frame Relay Connections
map
route
maplist
Example: Configuration Providing Backward Compatibility
Example: Booting from a Network Server over Frame Relay
Page
Page
Chapter 14: T1 Interface Configuration
Introduction Configure Fractional T1
Specify the Clock Source
Enable Data Inversion Before Transmission
Specify the Frame Type of a FT/T1 Line
Specify the CSU Line Build Out
Specify FT1/T1 Line-Code Type
Enable Remote Alarms
Enable Loopcodes that Initiate Remote Loopbacks
Specify Timeslots
range
Page
Chapter 15: 56/64-kbps Switched and Digital Data Services (DDS) Interface
Chapter 15: 56/64-kbps Switched and Digital Data Services (DDS) Interface
Introduction
Set the Clock Source
Set the Network Line Speed
line-speed
Chapter 15: 56/64-kbps Switched and Digital Data Services (DDS) Interface
Enable Scrambled Data Coding
Change between DDS and Switched Dial-Up Modes
Page
Chapter 16: Basic Configuration
Connecting to the Network
Connecting to a WAN
Configuring
Booting the Router for the First Time
Configuring the Router
Using Configuration Mode
Using AutoInstall
Using the System Configuration Dialog
Page
3. Press <Enter> or enter yes to begin the configuration process.
August 1997 Page 16-7
Page
Country ISDN Switch Type Description
Configuring the Ethernet or Token Ring Interfaces
Country ISDN Switch Type Description
Configuring the Synchronous Serial Interfaces
Configuring ISDN
Page
Configuring Switched 56
Page
Configuring DDS
Configuring the Fractional T1/T1 DSU/CSU WAN Module
Specifying the Boot Method
Page
Page 16-20 August 1997
Checking the Configuration Settings
Chapter 17: Command References
Chapter 17: Command References
Command References
Page
Chapter 18: System Error Messages
Page
Chapter 19: Debug Command Reference
Page
Page
Page
AISwitch Release Notes
Copyright
FCC Warning
Electrostatic Discharge Warning
Applied Innovation, Inc.
AISwitch Release Notes
ISDN/BRI Inferface
August 1997 AI2524 Router Card, Version 1.00 Release Notes
Configuring ISDN
Page
Appendix B: Acronyms
Acronym Definition