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Access Control Concepts

ProCurve NAC 800

By default the NAC 800 intercepts all DHCP requests. In a network that uses DHCP relay, however, you can configure the NAC 800 to respond to only those requests with source IP addresses in the quarantine and non- quarantine subnets. (The source IP address originates from the DHCP relay device; the endpoint, of course, does not yet have one).

5.Initially, an endpoint has the Unknown posture. The NAC 800 sends a DHCP reply that has a configuration for the quarantine subnet.

The actual process differs slightly depending on whether your network implements DHCP relay. The NAC 800 immediately replies to a broadcast DHCP request. On the other hand, it simply drops a relayed request destined to the network DHCP server. The DHCP relay device then sends a DHCP request to the NAC 800’s IP address (which is configured as a secondary helper address). The NAC 800 replies to that request.

6.The NAC 800 (or one of the NAC 800s in a cluster) tests the endpoint, and the endpoint gains a new posture.

7.If the endpoint has proven to be Healthy (or granted the Check-up posture):

a.The NAC 800 forces it to release the address in the quarantine subnet.

b.The endpoint again sends a DHCP request.

c.The NAC 800 intercepts the request, but because the endpoint has the Healthy or Check-up posture, the NAC 800 forwards the request to the network DHCP server.

d.The DHCP server replies, sending the endpoint an IP address in one of the network’s normal user VLANs.

8.If the endpoint is assigned the Quarantine or Infected posture, the NAC 800 continues to respond to its DHCP requests with an IP address in the quarantine subnet.

Establishing the Quarantine Subnet. Some network access controllers quarantine endpoints completely: they assign endpoints IP addresses in a subnet that does not exist in the private network. For example, a network uses the 10.1.0.0/16 range, and the quarantine subnet is 192.168.1.0/24. Should a quarantined user attempt to reach a resource on the network, network devices see the invalid IP address and drop the traffic. The problem with this approach is that users cannot reach any resources—including those that help them become compliant.

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HP Access Control Client Software manual T e

Contents

ProCurve Solutions Page ProCurve Access Control Security Applicable ProCurve Products Contents Customer Needs Assessment Evaluate the Existing Network Environment Designing Access Controls Endpoint Capabilities and Administrative Control Page Appendix a Glossary Index Page Page Page Contents Access Control Concepts Access Control Concepts Introduction to Access Control Network Access Control Access Control Concepts AAA Network Access Control Technologies Authentication Authorization T e NAS ID Accounting Network Access Control Architecture EndpointPolicy Enforcement Point PEP Policy Decision Point PDP Access Control Concepts Policy Repository Network Access Control Architecture Network Access Control Process MAC-Auth Authentication-Based Network Access Control Methods Introduce security vulnerablities MAC-Auth Process Web-Auth Web-Auth Process 802.1X 802.1X Process Authentication Protocols Authentication RequirementsMAC-Auth-None PAP EAP MS-CHAPv2 Access Control Concepts Access Control Concepts Radius NAS ID Wireless Authentication 802.11T e Dynamic WEP Static Wired Equivalent Privacy WEP WPA/WPA2 VLANs Access Control Rights-Dynamic Settings Devices ACLs Endpoint Integrity Policies Endpoint Integrity Operating System Pre-connect and Post-connect TestingSecurity Settings Software Testing Methods Access Control Concepts Endpoint Requirements for Integrity Checking WMI Quarantine Methods Endpoint Integrity Posture User’s assignment and places him or her in a quarantine Vlan T e ProCurve NAC NAC 800 as an Endpoint Integrity Only Solution Process for 802.1X Quarantining Endpoint Integrity Only. 802.1X Deployment With each other Dhcp Deployment T e IP address = 192.168.8.1/24 IP address = 192.168.9.1/24 Inline Deployment Method NAC 800 as a RADIUS-Only Solution NAC 800 as Both a Radius Server and an Endpoint Integrity Solution Access Control Concepts User Authenticates and Is Placed in the Test Vlan Access Control Concepts User Re-authenticates and Is Placed in the Appropriate Vlan Wlan ProCurve IDM IAS, and the IDM agent on the same Windows Server Radius Process with IDM Customer Needs Assessment Customer Needs Assessment Overview Customer Needs Assessment Employees Types of Users Guests Temporary Employees Network Skills Network Users Recording Information about Users Wired Connections Wireless ConnectionsTypes of Connections Group Permitted Connections Access Times Network Resources Remote ConnectionsRecording the Types of Connections Available to Users Access Control Zones Wireless and Wired Zones Access Control Zones Customer Needs Assessment Determine Risk Tolerance Regulations Federal Information Security Management Act Quantify Your Company’s Risk Tolerance Regulatory Compliance Internal Attacks Vulnerability to AttacksAttack Vectors External Attacks Types of Attacks Malware Viruses and Worms Customer Needs Assessment Customer Needs Assessment Evaluate the Existing Network Environment SizeEdge Devices Model Number Version Supported Monitoring Spanning Recording Information about Network SwitchesSwitch Vendor Firmware Location Port Mirroring AP as a Supplicant Endpoints Workstations and LaptopsRecording Information about APs Customer Needs Assessment Workstation System Network Other EndpointsRecording Information about Workstations and Laptops Laptop or Quantity User Operating Applications Directory Service Radius ServersRecording Information about Other Endpoints Subnets and VLANs Routing InformationDchp Servers Sample Network Diagram Network Diagram Browser Security Policy-Windows Determine Your Endpoint Integrity Requirements Customer Needs Assessment Select Security Settings for Your Company Default Settings for Internet Explorer ZonesZone Default Setting Security Settings-OS Security Settings-WindowsOperating System-Windows Software-Windows Control over Network Resources Human Factor Users’ Cooperation IT Department Workload Customer Needs Assessment Customer Needs Assessment Designing Access Controls Designing Access Controls Endpoint Capabilities and Administrative Control Select an EAP Method for 802.1X 106 Comprehensive Security Policy Components Designing Access Controls Example Network Process of Designing Access Control Security Diagram of the PCU Campus Designing Access Controls PCU Campus Zones Network Infrastructure Divided into Access Zones Advantages and Disadvantages of Access Control Methods Choose the Access Control Methods Endpoints that access HighHigh effort to Network Access Zones Security Security Concerns by ZoneSecurity Zone Private Public Wired Zone Security Concerns WEP Wireless Zone Security Concerns WPA/WPA2 Tkip CCMP-AES Wireless Security Web-Auth None by default Do your endpoints have 802.1X supplicants? Vulnerability and Risk Tolerance Example Selecting an Access Control Method Based on Security NeededTechnical Knowledge Characteristics User Type and Sophistication MAC-Auth Web-Auth 802.1X Access Control Method by User Sophistication Level Access Control Method by User Type and Sophistication Administrative Workload Endpoint Compatibility of Access Control Methods Access Control Method by Administrative Workload Hardware Type of Interface Operating System 10. Configuration of PCU’s Endpoints 11. Access Control Method by Endpoint Capabilities Administrative Control over Endpoints 12. Administrative Control Levels 13. Access Control Method by Administrative Control LevelDescription 14. Authentication Method by Administrative Control Switch Series MAC-Auth Web-Auth 802.1XNetwork Infrastructure Devices New capabilities for these wireless products 17. Access Control Method by Existing InfrastructureProCurve Product Software Version MAC-Auth Web-Auth 802.1X Network Infrastructure Devices as 802.1X Supplicants Bringing All of the Factors Together ProCurve Switches 802.1X Supplicant Them 19. Access Control Methods by Feasibility Factor Weight Private Wired Public Wired 20. Preliminary Decisions for the Access Control Method 21. Preliminary Decisions for the Access Control Method Make Decisions about Remote Access VPN 22. Access Control Methods for Each ZoneZone Access Control Method Decide Whether to Grant Remote Access 23. Disadvantages of Remote AccessDisadvantages Mitigating Factors 24. Advantages of Remote Access Select VPN OptionsAdvantages Explanation 25. Options for VPN Protocols DSA Vulnerability and Risk Assessment 26. Selecting VPN Options Based on Security Needs They have? Router or firewall Administrative Workload and IT Budget Designing Access Controls Native Capabilities With VPN Client 29. Endpoint Compatibility for Remote Access 30. Selecting VPN Options Based on Endpoint Existing Network Infrastructure Bringing All Factors Together 32. Preliminary Decisions for VPN Options 33. PCU’s Preliminary Decisions for VPN Options Choose the Endpoint Integrity Deployment Method Access Control Method MAC-Auth Vulnerability to Risks and Risk Tolerance 35. Deployment Method by Access Control Method Designing Access Controls 37. Deployment Method by Security Factor Private Wired Public WiredPublic Wireless Remote 36. Security Level of Deployment Methods Wireless Connection Type38. Deployment Method by Existing Network Infrastructure Wireless Connection type Inline Bringing the Factors Together39. Deployment Method by Connection Type Factor Weight Private Wired Public Wired Remote Wireless 42. Deployment Method by ZoneZone Deployment Method Choose Endpoint Integrity Testing Methods 43. Summary of Testing MethodsTesting Method Advantages Disadvantages NAC EI Agent Requirements for Testing Methods InstallShield Wizard for the NAC EI Agent Advantages and Disadvantages of NAC Agent Testing Requirements for ActiveX TestingActiveX Agentless Advantages and Disadvantages of ActiveX Testing Deciding Which Testing Methods to Enable Requirements for Agentless TestingAdvantages and Disadvantages of Agentless Testing Transparent Testing Designing Access Controls Testing methods Testing with User Interaction Designing Access Controls Administrative Control over Endpoints Factors to Consider for Testing Methods Private Wireless Remote 44. Testing Method by Control over Endpoints45. Testing Method by Administrative Control Factor Public Wired Private Wired 46. Testing Methods by Post-Connect Testing Post-Connect Testing User Sophistication 47. Testing Method by Post-Connect Testing 48. Testing Method by User Sophistication 49. Testing Methods for User SophisticationPrivate Remote Wireless Administrative Workload 50. Testing Methods by Administrative WorkloadAgentless ActiveX NAC IE Agent Network Overhead 51. Testing Methods for Administrative Workload Bringing All of the Factors Together 52. Testing Method by Network Overhead53. Preliminary Decisions for Testing Methods Factor Public Wired 54. Preliminary Decisions for Testing Method Choose Radius Servers Network Authentication Architecture Choose Which Devices Will Play the Role of PDP Radius Servers in a Network Without Endpoint Integrity 58. Turnkey Server 55. General Combination56. Integrated Server Combination 57. Integrated Server/Proxy Combination PEPs with Built-in PDPs and Policy/Credential Repositories 60. Fully Integrated Combination61. Alternate Integrated Server/Proxy Combination PEPs with Built-in PDPs Users Combination Wired Per LAN Wireless Per LAN Total WAN Least Scalable 64. Scalability of Access Control Component Combinations65. Access Control Component Combinations Most Scalable Choose an Access Control Architecture Designing Access Controls 67. Radius Server Locations Centralizing Policies 68. Radius Server Locations Eliminating Inter-Site Traffic 69. Radius Server Locations Reducing Inter-Site Traffic 70. Radius Server Locations for PCU Determine the Number of Radius Servers Choose Your Radius Servers and Finalize the Plan Radius Server Decision Tree Designing Access Controls Does your organization already use IAS for other functions? IAS as the Radius Server NAC 800 as the Radius Server 71. General Combination for the NAC 72. Integrated Server/Proxy for the NAC73. Turnkey Server Combination for the NAC Wireless Edge Services Module Database Designing Access Controls Add ProCurve IDM IDM OverviewDetermine If You Need IDM Design Parameters for a Network with IDM Add Users Create Access Policy Groups Select an EAP Method for 10. EAP Method Decision Flowchart Designing Access Controls Supplicant 75. EAP Methods Supported by 802.1X Supplicants 76. EAP Methods Supported by Radius Servers EAP-TNC EAP-LEAP NotServer Designing Access Controls 78. Example Security Policy by Zone Finalize Security PoliciesUser Groups and Policies 77. Final Security Policy by Zone Access Group Policies with IDM 80. Dynamic VLANs 79. Access ProfilesAccess Profile Access Profiles 81. Dynamic VLANs for PCU Resource IP Address Protocol 82. Resources by Entire Vlan83. Resources Resource Vlan ID Subnet Address 85. PCU Resources 84. PCU Resources by Vlan Access Profile Resources 86. Resources Allowed in Access Profiles Access Profile Resource 87. Resources Allowed in PCU Access Profiles Faculty Web servers, white pages Library catalog and printer Resources Rate Limit QoS 88. Resources Allowed in Access Profiles Outputs-Access Profile 89. Access Policy Group Rules90. Sample Access Policy Group Rules for PCU Access Policy Inputs Group Location Time System Access Policies without IDM Attribute Explanation Value for My Policy 91. Radius Attributes in Access Requests 92. Authentication Protocols for My Policies 93. Dynamic Settings for My PoliciesAttribute Policy 1-Setting Policy 2-Setting Design NAC Policy Groups Create the NAC Policies Design NAC Policies 95. Tests for Minimal Endpoint Integrity 94. Tests for Minimal Endpoint Integrity Anti-Virus Anti-Spyware Personal Firewalls Mac Firewall 96. Tests for Medium Endpoint Integrity Browser? Enter the required versions in Table 97. Web Browser Tests Test Settings Mozilla Firefox Windows Media Mac QuickTime IIS 98. Macro Security Tests99. Other Tests for Hotfixes Microsoft Excel Microsoft Outlook 100. Windows Automatic Updates 101. Tests for ApplicationsOptions Your selection Windows Bridge Network Connection Mac Internet Sharing 102. Tests for Services103. Tests for Shared Connections 104. Tests on Mac Airport Specified as allowed Lay Out the Network Core Resources105. Test for Windows Startup Registry Entries T e Public Wired Zone Access Zones for Endpoints Vlan Assignment and Other Dynamic Settings. You can set up 133 106. Public Wired Zone Policies 108. Public Wireless Zone Policies Public Wireless Zone Designing Access Controls Product Software Version Radios Modes WLANs 109. Capabilities of ProCurve Wireless Products Software Authentication EAP Method forVersion Methods 802.1X 112. ProCurve Products That Support PoE 111. PoE Requirements on ProCurve RPs and APs Lay Out the Network 113. Private Wired Zone Policies Private Wired Zone Might otherwise be ignored Private Wireless Zone 115. Private Wireless Zone PoliciesMS-CHAPv2 Remote Zone Designing Access Controls 3DES Module VPN Protocol Maximum EncryptionNumber Tunnels 117. VPN Capabilities of the ProCurve VPN Client Combining Access Control Zone DesignsAdjacent Zones Overlapping Zones Designing Adjacent and Overlapping Zones Integrating all Parts of the Network Design Adding Access Control to an Existing Network Migrating from One Solution to Another 150 ProCurve Elite Partners Services and Support Other Resources Implementation Elements Solution Elements of Each Access Control Solution Other Resources Numeric Appendix a Glossary See also Dhcp deployment method and inline deployment method Appendix a Glossary Access point See AP Agent See NAC EI agent Appendix a Glossary Appendix a Glossary Appendix a Glossary Digital certificate See certificate EI See endpoint integrity Enforcement See ES. server Extensible See EAP Authentication Protocol GTC See EAP-GTC Inline quarantine method Appendix a Glossary Lightweight See LDAP. directory access Protocol Management See MS. serverMirroring, remote See remote mirroring Appendix a Glossary Appendix a Glossary Peer-to-peer Permanent agentPoE Posture See integrity posture Pre-shared key See PSKPublic key See PKI. infrastructure Radio port See RP Remote procedure See RPC. call Appendix a Glossary Appendix a Glossary Appendix a Glossary Appendix a Glossary Html Appendix a Glossary Appendix a Glossary Index See DNS EAP … 1-21, 1-25, 1-53 EAP GTC … See Imsi OS-X See SOX security policies TLS See WEP Contents Contents Overview ProCurve Access Control Solution Enhancements to the ProCurve Access Control Solution Deep Check Testing ProCurve NACSMB Signing Post-Connect NAC Testing Integration with Microsoft SMSSupport for Rdac Dhcp Plug-in Deployment Better synchronization with Microsoft Active Directory Identity Driven Manager ProCurve Access Control Solution NAP Components Microsoft NAP NAP enforcement point NAP client Restricted network Active Directory domain serviceNAP health policy server NPS Health requirement servers NAP Agent NAP Client ArchitectureNAP Enforcement Clients ECs System Health Agents SHAs Figure A-4. Client-Side NAP Architecture NAP Server Architecture NAP Enforcement Point Table A-2. NAP ECs and Corresponding NAP Enforcement PointsNAP Enforcement Point Network Access Methods Health Requirement ServersIPsec Figure A-5. IPsec-Protected and Unprotected Communications Figure A-6. HRA Network Access Dhcp 802.1X Authentication VPN Access Figure A-9. Ieee 802.1X Network Access Remediation and Health Requirement Servers Updating the Access Control Design Process Existing Network Environment Choose the Endpoint Integrity Solution Existing Network Environment Option Vulnerability to Risks and Risk Tolerance Risk Tolerance Management Resources Interoperability Requirements Factor Weight Selection Bringing the Factors TogetherInteroperability Option Requirements Choose the Endpoint Integrity Deployment Method Updating the Access Control Design Process Updating the Access Control Design Process