Link-State Request Packet | D-Link DES-3326 specification

DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide

The Link-State Request Packet

Link-State Request packets are OSPF packet type 3. After exchanging Database Description packets with a neighboring router, a router may find that parts of its topological database are out of date. The Link-State Request packet is used to request the pieces of the neighbor’s database that are more up to date. Multiple Link-State Request packets may need to be used. The sending of Link-State Request packets is the last step in bringing up an adjacency.

A router that sends a Link-State Request packet has in mind the precise instance of the database pieces it is requesting, defined by LS sequence number, LS checksum, and LS age, although these fields are not specified in the Link-State Request packet itself. The router may receive even more recent instances in response.

The format of the Link-State Request packet is shown below:

Link-State Request Packet

Version No.

3	Packet Length

Router ID

Area ID

Checksum	Authentication Type

Authentication

Authentication

Link-State Type

Link-State ID

Advertising Router

Figure 5-29. Link-State Request Packet

Each advertisement requested is specified by its Link-State Type, Link-State ID, and Advertising Router. This uniquely identifies the advertisement, but not its instance. Link-State Request packets are understood to be requests for the most recent instance.

The Link-State Update Packet

Link-State Update packets are OSPF packet type 4. These packets implement the flooding of link-state advertisements. Each Link-State Update packet carries a collection of link-state advertisements one hop further from its origin. Several link-state advertisements may be included in a single packet.

Link-State Update packets are multicast on those physical networks that support multicast/broadcast. In order to make the flooding procedure reliable, flooded advertisements are acknowledged in Link- State Acknowledgment packets. If retransmission of certain advertisements is necessary, the retransmitted advertisements are always carried by unicast Link-State Update packets.

The format of the Link-State Update packet is shown below:

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Image 77

D-Link DES-3326 manual Link-State Request Packet, Link-State Update Packet

Contents

DES-3326 Wichtige Sicherheitshinweise Software Hardware Copyright Statement Link Offices for Registration and Warranty ServiceTrademarks Vcci Warning Bsmi Warning FCC WarningCE Mark Warning Page Table of Contents Viii ARPPage Introduction Layer 3 Switching Performance Features FeaturesFunctions of a Layer 3 Switch Layer 2 Features Layer 3 Switch Features Management Traffic Classification and Prioritization Gigabit Ethernet Technology Optional Redundant Power SupplyFast Ethernet Technology Unpacking InstallationDesktop or Shelf Installation Installing rubber feet for desktop installation Rack Installation Power Failure Power on Rear Panel Front Panel 1000BASE-T Module Side PanelsOptional Plug-in Modules 1000BASE-LX Fiber Module 1000BASE-SX Fiber Module Gbic Two-Port Module LED Indicators Switch to Hub or Switch Switch to End Node 100BASE-TX Device 10BASE-T Device Local Console Management Diagnostic console port RS-232 DCE IP Addresses and Snmp Community Names Boot screen Traps Snmp performs the following functions AuthenticationTraps Packet Forwarding MIBs MAC Address Aging Time Some filtering is done automatically by the switchFiltering Spanning Tree Ameter Description Default Value Bridge Protocol Data Units Variable Description Default Value Port transitions from one state to another as follows Creating a Stable STP TopologySTP Port States STP Port State Transitions Feature Default Value Illustration of STP User-Changeable STA Parameters Link Aggregation This example, only the default STP values are used Link Aggregation Group Ieee 802.1Q VLANs VLANs802.1Q Vlan Packet Forwarding Some relevant terms Ieee 802.1Q Packet Forwarding 802.1Q Vlan Tags 10. Adding an Ieee 802.1Q Tag Port Vlan ID Ingress Filtering VLANs in Layer 2 Only ModeTagging and Untagging IP Addressing and Subnetting IP AddressesLayer 3-Based VLANs 255 Address Classes Calculating the Number of Subnets and Nodes Subnet Masking CID Classless InterDomain Routing Cidr Cidr Setting up IP Interfaces VID Internet Protocols 11. OSI Seven Layer Network Model Protocol Layering 12. The Protocol Stack Layer TCP/IP TCP Packet Headers 13. TCP Packet Header 14. IP Packet Header Ethernet UDP and Icmp TCP and UDP Well-Known Ports Mapping Domain Names to Addresses Domain Name System IP Routing Domain Name ResolutionDhcp Servers Packet Fragmentation and Reassembly Address Assignment MulticastingMulticast Groups Internet Group Management Protocol Igmp 11. Igmp Type Codes Igmp Versions 1 Multicast Spanning Trees Multicast Routing AlgorithmsFlooding Reverse Path Multicasting RPM Reverse Path Broadcasting RPB Multicast Routing Protocols Protocol-Independent Multicast Dense ModeRouting Protocols Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol Dvmrp RIP Version 1 Message Format 20. RIP v.1 Message Format RIP 1 Route Interpretation RIP 1 MessageRIP Version 2 Extensions RIP2 Message Format 21. RIP Message Format Open Shortest Path First Ospf Shortest Path Algorithm Link-State AlgorithmOspf Cost Shortest Path Tree 22. Constructing a Shortest Path Tree Link-State Packets Areas and Border Routers Simple Password Authentication Ospf AuthenticationMessage Digest Authentication MD-5 Backbone and Area Areas Not Physically Connected to Area Virtual LinksPartitioning the Backbone Neighbors Building Adjacency AdjacenciesDesignated Router Election Ospf Packet Header Adjacencies on Point-to-Point InterfacesOspf Packet Formats Field Description Hello Packet 26. Hello Packet Database Description Packet Database Description Packet Link-State Request Packet Link-State Update Packet Link-State Acknowledgment Packet Link-State Update Packet Link State Advertisement Header Link-State Advertisement Formats Router Links Advertisements 33. Routers Links Advertisement 18. Routers Links Advertisements − FieldDescription Network Links Advertisements Summary Link Advertisements Summary Link Advertisements AS External Link Advertisements Autonomous Systems External Link Advertisements 21. AS External System Advertisement General Deployment Strategy Before You Start Defining Static Routes Vlan LayoutAssigning IP Interface Addresses and Subnet Masks to VLANs Console Usage Conventions Connecting to the SwitchFirst Time Connecting To The Switch Initial Console screen Creating User Accounts User Accounts Management Setup User Accounts Menu Root, User+ and Normal User Privileges Switch Privilege Configuration Management Root User+ Save Changes Confirmation screen Saving Changes Logging Onto The Switch Console Loading Factory Defaults Updating or Deleting User Accounts To update or delete a user passwordViewing Current User Accounts To view the current user accounts To delete a user account Deleting a User Account Switch Information Setting Up The SwitchBasic Setup To set the switch’s IP address Remote Management Setup Configuring the Switch’s IP Address To setup the switch for remote management Snmp Settings 100 Setting Up Trap Receivers 101 Configure PortsPort Locking View Ports 1 to 12 StateEnabled Speed/Duplex Auto Serial Port SettingsHighlight Serial Port Settings and press Enter Flow Control 103 Console SettingsSlip Settings Changing the Switch Operation Mode Switch Operation ModeTo change the switch’s operating mode Highlight Switch Settings on the Main Menu and press Enter 105 19. Switch Settings menu 106 Menu Changes with Switch Operating Mode 107 Switch SettingsSwitch Mode Selection 300 Layer 2 Switch SettingsThat is, how long a learned MAC Address is allowed to Remain idle. The Aging Time can be set to any value Switch Settings − Layer 3 IP Routing Protocol Settings 110 Screen Hierarchy 111 BOOTP/DHCP Relay DNS Relay Configuring VLANs Advanced SetupVLANs by Switch Operating Mode To create a new 802.1Q Vlan Vlan Name ActionMembership 113 To set the 802.1Q Vlan membership status of a port Tagging U/TTo set a port as either a Tagged or an Untagged port 114 Highlight Configure 802.1Q Port Settings and press Enter To configure the member ports of an 802.1Q VlanExample Edit 802.1Q Vlan screen 115 Module Configure PortFrom to PVID# 117 To configure a port’s 802.1Q Vlan settingsTo edit an existing 802.1Q Vlan 118 To edit the 802.1Q Vlan membership of a portTo edit a port’s Tagged or Untagged status 119 To setup IP Interfaces on the switch 120 Highlight Setup IP Interface and press Enter Layer 3 IP Networking 122 Setup Routing Information Protocol RIP 123 Password Key ID Setup RIP ConfigurationKey 124 125 InterfaceName System 126 Setup Ospf State Disabled Ospf Area SettingOspf Router Current Router Ospf Interface Configuration Area ID Entered in the MD5 Key Table Configuration menu. WhenRouter Priority Hello Interval Description Virtual Interface ConfigurationTransit Area Neighbor Router ID Status Area Aggregation ConfigurationNetwork Number Network Route Redistribution Settings 133 Layer 2 Multicast SetupIgmp Snooping Settings Switch Igmp Snooping To configure Igmp SnoopingIeee 802.1Q Multicast Forwarding Querier StateNon Multicast MAC VIDAddress 135 136 Static Router Port SettingsRouter Port M Multicast Interface Configuration Setup IP MulticastTo setup IP multicasting on the switch Layer 3 Multicasting 138 Igmp EnabledInterface Name Igmp Interface Configuration 140 Dvmrp 141 To configure Pimdm for an IP interface Port Mirroring To configure a port for port mirroringJoin/Prune Interval 143 60. Mirroring Menu 144 Priority 145 MAC AddressPriority LevelLow Source/Destination Src 146 Layer 2 FilteringHighlight MAC Address Filter and press Enter Parameter Description Layer 3 IP Routing FilteringSource/Destination 147 Layer 2 Forwarding ForwardingActionAdd/Modify Source/Destination 149 Port IP Forwarding Static/Default RoutesAction Add Gateway IP Static ARP Switch Spanning Tree SettingsAdd/Modify Interface Name IP Address MAC Address Group Default Status EnabledForward Delay Max. Age 153 STP Group Configuration View Ports Configure PortsPort Cost Priority 155 75. Link Aggregation screen Method Disabled Configure Spanning TreeGroup ID Group Width 157 Max Age Hello Time Forward DelaySTP Group Create Spanning Tree Groups Spanning Tree Port SettingsGroup Name 158 Utilities Layer 2 Switch UtilitiesFrom 1 to 159 160 Upgrade Firmware from Tftp Server 161 Use Configuration File on Tftp ServerSave Settings to Tftp Server Save History Log to Tftp Server Testing Connectivity with PingLayer 3 Utilities 162 Relay Status Disabled BOOTP/DHCP RelayBootp Hops Count Limit Relay Time Threshold0 164 DNS RelayServer Dnsr Static Table Lookup StatusDisabled Dnsr Cache StatusDisabledTo make a static DNS table entry 165 ActionAdd/Edit StatusEnabledDomain Name 166 Network Monitoring To display the network data compiled by the switchLayer 2 Network Monitoring 167 To view the port utilization Port Utilization 169 Port Error PacketsTo view the error statistics for a port Port Packet Analysis Frames/sec FramesUnicast RX Multicast RX To view the MAC address forwarding table Browse MAC AddressTo search for a particular MAC address To view the Gvrp status table 173 Browse Router PortTo view the Router Port table 174 Igmp SnoopingTo view the Igmp Snooping table To view the switch history log Switch HistoryLayer 3 Network Monitoring To view the Network Monitoring Menu Browse IP Address To view the contents of the IP Routing tableRouting Table To view the IP address forwarding table Mask ARP TableGateway Hops To view the Default IP Address Table Default IP TableOspf Lsdb Table To view the Monitor Lsdb Table 179 Cost Ospf External Lsdb Table Igmp Group Table IP Multicast Forwarding TableTo view the IP multicast forwarding table To view the Igmp Group table Dvmrp Routing Table Load Factory DefaultsTo view the Dvmrp Routing table 182 183 RebootTo reboot the switch from the console 184 111. System Reboot Confirmation screen Before You Start IntroductionGeneral Deployment Strategy 185 186 Vlan LayoutAssigning IP Network Addresses and Subnet Masks to VLANs Getting Started Configuring the SwitchManagement Defining Static Routes 188 Switch Configuration Privilege Management Root User+ 189 Reboot and Load Factory DefaultsSaving Changes Setting an IP Address Setting Up Web ManagementSetting a Default Gateway IP address may alternatively be set manually as follows Setting Trap Destinations Setting the Administrator PasswordSaving Configuration Changes Starting and Stopping the Web-based Manager 192 Web-based Manager’s User InterfaceAreas of the User Interface 193 Area Function 194 Link Menus 195 LinkMenus 196 BOOTP/DHCP Relay DNS Relay 197 IP Address Configuring the Switch’s IP AddressClick the Switch Information link in the Configuration menu 198 10. IP Address window Manual Default GatewaySubnet Mask Management VID 200 11. Management Station IP Settings window 201 Click the Configure Ports link on the Configuration menu 202 Data Bits Baud RateStop Bits 203 204 Local IP AddressRemote IP Address MAC Address Aging Time 10 …1000000 sec Storm ModeBroadcast/Multicas 205 Base ports Upper Threshold forModule ports 206 207 208 18 .1Q Static VLANs window Egress TagForbidden 209 210 Pvid 211 To configure the member ports of an 802.1Q Vlan to use Gvrp 212 To configure the member ports of an 802.1Q Vlan to use Gmrp 213 214 25. Setup IP Interface window Subnet Name Setup the Routing Information Protocol RIPActive Yes 215 216 29. Setup RIP window 217 Ospf 218 AS Border Router State Type Stub Default CostRemove 219 220 Auth Type 221 Neighbor Router 222 Network Number 223 Source ProtocolDest. Protocol 224 To edit the IEEE802.1 Multicast Forwarding settings 225 39. Setup Ieee 802.1Q Multicast Forwarding window 226 To setup a static router port 227 42. Multicast Interface Configuration window Version Igmp SettingsMax Resp 228 To configure Dvmrp for an IP interface Dvmrp SettingsClick the Dvmrp Settings link on the IP Multicasting menu 229 Nbr Report Timer PIM-DM SettingsClick the Pimdm Interface Configuration link Route Cost 231 232 Source PortDirection Ingress Level Low To configure a forwarding priority for a given MAC addressState Src 233 234 To enter a MAC address into the filtering tableState Scr 235 To enter a MAC address into the switch’s forwarding tableForwarding Layer 2 Forwarding 236 51. Setup Static Unicast MAC Forwarding window 237 Gateway IPTo make a static ARP entry 238 STP Switch Settings Configure STP Groups 240 To view the STP Port Settings table 241 To configure a link aggregation groupClick the Link Aggregation link on the Configuration menu Master Port State DisabledMembers 242 Use Configuration File on Server Update Firmware from ServerTo update the switch’s firmware Select Upgrade Firmware from Server on the Maintenance menu To upload a settings file to the Tftp server Save Settings To ServerTo enable and configure Bootp or Dhcp on the switch Save History Log to Server Count Limit To configure the BOOTP/DHCP Relay interfaceRelay Time Threshold 245 DNS Relay State DNS Relay Static Table Lookup Status DisabledPrimary Name Secondary Name Address The IP address of the domain name Port Utilization Port Error0.0 Above 248 Address TableApplications 249 Port Error StatisticsUpdate CRC Error Update IntervalRX Frames Undersize 251 72. Port Packet Analysis window Browse MAC Address Sequentially 253 To view the Gmrp Status table 254 Click the Browse Router Port link on the Applications menu 255 Click the Switch History link on the Applications menu 256 Browse the Routing Table Address Mask Default IP Address TableJump 257 258 Ospf Link State Database Table 259 Router ID Lsdb TypeLink State ID 260 83. Ospf External Lsdb Table window 261 Click the Igmp Group Table link 262 Technical Specifications 263 Physical and Environmental 264 Commands 265 266 Runtime Switching Software Default Settings 267 Blocking StatePort in the blocking state does the following 268 Listening StatePort in the listening state does the following 269 Learning StatePort in the learning state does the following 270 Forwarding StatePort in the forwarding state does the following 271 Disabled StateDisabled port does the following 272 Troubleshooting STPSpanning Tree Protocol Failure 273 Full/Half Duplex Mismatch 274 Unidirectional Link Know where the root is located Resource ErrorsPacket Corruption Identifying a Data Loop 276 Know which links are redundantMinimize the number of ports in the blocking state 277 Impact of Layer 3 Switching 278 Brief Review of Bitwise Logical Operations Index Vlan Offices Norway Link Norway Registration Card