Advanced Configuration and Management Guide

Overview

The following sections describe VRRP and VRRPE. The protocols both provide redundant paths for IP addresses. However, the protocols differ in a few important ways. For clarity, each protocol is described separately.

Overview of VRRP

VRRP is a protocol that provides redundancy to routers within a LAN. VRRP allows you to provide alternate router paths for a host without changing the IP address or MAC address by which the host knows its gateway. Consider the situation shown in Figure 12.1.

Internet or

enterprise Intranet

e 2/4

Internet or

enterprise Intranet

e 3/2

Router1

Router2

e 1/6 192.53.5.1

e 1/5

Host1

Default Gateway 192.53.5.1

Figure 12.1 Router1 is Host1’s default gateway but is a single point of failure

As shown in this example, Host1 uses 192.53.5.1 on Router1 as the host’s default gateway out of the sub-net.

If this interface goes down, Host1 is cut off from the rest of the network. Router1 is thus a single point of failure for Host1’s access to other networks.

If Router1 fails, you could configure Host1 to use Router2. Configuring one host with a different default gateway might not require too much extra administration. However, consider a more realistic network with dozens or even hundreds of hosts per sub-net; reconfiguring the default gateways for all the hosts is impractical. It is much simpler to configure a VRRP virtual router on Router1 and Router2 to provide a redundant path for the host(s).

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