HP 48gII Graphing, 50g Graphing 487

	Variable	Description

	Js	Saturation current density
	L	Drawn mask length (PN Step Junctions), or
	L	Drawn gate length (NMOS Transistors), or
		Channel length (JFETs)
	Le	Effectives gate length
	NA	P-side doping (PN Step Junctions), or
	NA	Substrate doping (NMOS Transistors)
		Substrate doping (NMOS Transistors)
	ND	N-side doping (PN Step Junctions), or
	ND	N-channel doping (JFETs)
		N-channel doping (JFETs)

TTemperature

tox	Gate silicon dioxide thickness
Va	Applied voltage
VBC	Base-to-collector voltage
VBE	Base-to-emitter voltage
Vbi	Built-in voltage
VBS	Substrate voltage
VCEsat	Collector-to-emitter saturation voltage
VDS	Applied drain voltage
VDsat	Saturation voltage
VGS	Applied gate voltage
Vt	Threshold voltage
Vt0	Threshold voltage (at zero substrate voltage)
W	Drawn mask width (PN Step Junctions), or
W	Drawn width (NMOS Transistors), or
	Channel width (JFETs)
We	Effective width
xd	Depletion-region width
xdmax	Depletion-layer width
xj	Junction depth

References: 5, 8.

Equation Reference 5-51

Contents

advanced user’s reference manual Page Page Page Contents Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page RPL Programming The Contents of a Program Calculations in a Program Entering and Executing Programs Page Page Viewing and Editing Programs Creating Local Variables Page Evaluating Local Names Defining the Scope of Local Variables Compiled Local Variables Creating User-DefinedFunctions as Programs Testing Conditions Page Using Conditional Structures and Commands Page Page Page Using Definite Loop Structures Page Page Page Page Using Indefinite Loop Structures Page Page Using Loop Counters Using Summations Instead of Loops Types of Flags Setting, Clearing, and Testing Flags Recalling and Storing the Flag States Using Subroutines Page Single-Steppingthrough a Program Page Causing and Analyzing Errors Page Making an Error Trap Page Data Input Commands Using PROMPT, CONT for Input Page Using DISP FREEZE HALT, CONT for Input Using INPUT, ENTER for Input Page Page Page Page Using INFORM and CHOOSE for Input Page Page Beeping to Get Attention Using WAIT for Keystroke Input Using KEY for Keystroke Input Output Data Output Commands Labeling Output with Tags Labeling and Displaying Output as Strings Pausing to Display Output Using MSGBOX to Display Output Using Menus for Input Using Menus to Run Programs Page Turning Off the Calculator from a Program Page RPL Programming Examples FIB1 (Fibonacci Numbers, Recursive Version) FIB2 (Fibonacci Numbers, Loop Version Page FIBT (Comparing Program-ExecutionTime) PAD (Pad with Leading Spaces) PRESERVE (Save and Restore Previous Status) BDISP (Binary Display) Page Page %TILE (Percentile of a list) MEDIAN (Median of Statistics Data) Page Expanding and Collecting Completely MULTI (Multiple Execution) EXCO (Expand and Collect Completely) MNX (Minimum or Maximum Element—Version1) Page MNX2 (Minimum or Maximum Element—Version2) Page Applying a Program to an Array Page Converting Between Number Bases Page Verifying Program Arguments NAMES (Check List for Exactly Two Names) Page Converting Procedures from Algebraic to RPN Page Bessel Functions Page SINTP (Converting a Plot to a Graphics Object) Techniques used in SINTP SETTS (Superimposing Taylor’s polynomials) TSA (Animating Taylor’s Polynomials) Programmatic Use of Statistics and Plotting Page Page Trace Mode Inverse-FunctionSolver Animating a Graphical Image Page Full Command and Function Reference Page Page Page ABCUV ABS ACK ACKALL ACOS2S ACOSH ADD ADDTMOD ADDTOREAL ALGB ALOG AMORT AND ANIMATE ANS APPLY ARC ARCHIVE ARG ARIT ARRY→ →ARRY ASIN Page ASIN2C ASIN2T ASINH ASN ASR ASSUME ATAN ATAN2S ATANH ATICK ATTACH AUGMENT AUTO AXES AXL AXM AXQ BAR BARPLOT BASIS BAUD BEEP BESTFIT BIN BINS BLANK BOX BUFLEN BYTES B→R C2P CASCFG CASCMD CASE CEIL CENTR %CH CHINREM CHOLESKY CHOOSE CHR CIRC CKSM CLEAR CLKADJ CLLCD CLOSEIO CLΣ CLUSR CLVAR CMPLX CNRM →COL COL→ COL– COL+ COLCT COLLECT COLΣ COMB CON COND CONIC CONJ CONLIB CONST CONSTANTS CONT CONVERT CORR COS COSH COV CRDIR CROSS CSWP CURL CYCLOTOMIC CYLIN C→PX C→R DARCY DATE →DATE DATE+ DBUG DDAYS DEC DECR DEDICACE DEF DEFINE DEG DEGREE DELALARM DELAY DELKEYS DEPND DEPTH DERIV DERVX DESOLVE DET DETACH DIAG→ →DIAG DIAGMAP DIFF DIFFEQ DIR DISP DISPXY DISTRIB DIV DIV2 DIV2MOD DIVIS DIVMOD DIVPC Page DOERR DOLIST DOMAIN DOSUBS DOT DRAW DRAW3DMATRIX DRAX DROITE DROP DROP2 DROPN DTAG DUP DUP2 DUPDUP DUPN D→R EDIT EDITB EGCD EGV EGVL ELSE END ENDSUB ENG EPSX0 EQNLIB EQW EQ→ ERASE ERR0 ERRM ERRN EULER EVAL EXLR EXP&LN EXP EXP2HYP EXP2POW EXPAN EXPAND EXPANDMOD EXPFIT EXPLN EXPM EYEPT F0λ FACT FACTOR FACTORMOD FACTORS FANNING FAST3D FCOEF FC FC?C FDISTRIB FFT FILER FINDALARM FINISH FIX FLASHEVAL FLOOR FONT6 FONT7 FONT8 FONT→ →FONT FOR FOURIER FREE FREEZE FROOTS FS FS?C FUNCTION FXND GAMMA GAUSS GBASIS GCD GCDMOD GET GETI GOR GRAD GRAMSCHMIDT GRAPH GREDUCE GRIDMAP →GROB GROB GROBADD GXOR HADAMARD HALFTAN HALT HEAD HEADER→ →HEADER HELP HERMITE HESS HEX HILBERT HISTOGRAM HISTPLOT HMS– HMS+ HMS→ →HMS HOME HORNER IABCUV IBASIS IBERNOULLI IBP ICHINREM IDN IDIV2 IEGCD IFERR IFFT IFT IFTE ILAP IMAGE INCR INDEP INFORM INPUT INT INTEGER INTVX INV INVMOD IQUOT IREMAINDER ISOL ISOM ISPRIME I→R JORDAN KER KERRM KEY KEYEVAL →KEYTIME KEYTIME→ KGET KILL LABEL LAGRANGE LANGUAGE→ →LANGUAGE LAP LAPL LAST LASTARG LCD→ →LCD LCM LCXM LDEC LEGENDRE LGCD LIBEVAL LIBS lim LIMIT LIN LINE ΣLINE LINFIT LININ LINSOLVE LIST→ →LIST LIST ΠLIST ΣLIST Page LNAME LNCOLLECT LNP1 LOCAL LOG LOGFIT LSQ LVAR MAD MAIN MANT MAP ↓MATCH ↑MATCH MATHS MATR MAX MAXR MAXΣ MCALC MEAN MEM MENU MENUXY MERGE MIN MINEHUNT MINIFONT→ →MINIFONT MINIT MINR MINΣ MITM MKISOM MOD MODSTO MODULAR MOLWT MROOT MSGBOX MSLV MSOLVR MULTMOD MUSER →NDISP NDIST NDUPN NEG NEWOB NEXTPRIME NIP NOT NOVAL NSUB →NUM NUM NUMX NUMY OBJ→ OCT OFF OLDPRT OPENIO ORDER OVER P2C PA2B2 PARAMETRIC PARITY PARSURFACE PARTFRAC PATH PCAR PCOEF PCONTOUR PCOV PDIM PERINFO PERM PERTBL PEVAL PGDIR PICK PICK3 PICT PICTURE PINIT PIX PIXOFF PIXON PKT PLOT PLOTADD PMAX PMIN PMINI POLAR POLYNOMIAL POP POS POTENTIAL POWEXPAND POWMOD PR1 PREDV PREDX PREDY PREVAL PREVPRIME PRLCD PROMPT PROMPTSTO PROOT PROPFRAC PRST PRSTC PRVAR PSDEV PSI Psi PTAYL PTPROP PURGE PUSH PUT PUTI PVAR PVARS PVIEW PWRFIT PX→C →Qπ QUAD QUOT QUOTE QXA RAD RAND RANK RANM RATIO RCEQ RCI RCIJ RCL RCLALARM RCLF RCLKEYS RCLMENU RCLVX RCLΣ RCWS RDM RDZ RECN RECT RECV REF REMAINDER RENAME REORDER REPEAT REPL RES RESTORE RESULTANT REVLIST REWRITE RISCH RKF RKFERR RKFSTEP RLB RND RNRM ROLL ROLLD ROMUPLOAD ROOT ROT ROW– ROW+ ROW→ →ROW RPL RRB rref RREF RREFMOD RRK RRKSTEP RSBERR RSD RSWP RULES R→B R→C R→D R→I SAME SBRK SCALE SCALEH SCALEW SCATRPLOT SCATTER SCHUR SCI SCLΣ SCONJ SCROLL SDEV SEND SEQ SERIES SERVER SEVAL SHOW SIDENS SIGMA SIGMAVX SIGN SIGNTAB SIMP2 SIMPLIFY SIN SINCOS SINH SINV SIZE SLB SLOPEFIELD SNEG SNRM SOLVE SOLVEQN SOLVER SOLVEVX SORT SPHERE SRAD SRB SRECV SREPL SST SST↓ START STD STEP STEQ STIME STO STOALARM STOF STOKEYS STORE STOVX STO+ STO– STO STO STOΣ STR→ →STR STREAM STRM STURM STURMAB STWS SUB SUBST SUBTMOD SVD SVL SWAP SYSEVAL SYLVESTER SYST2MAT TABVAL TABVAR →TAG TAIL TAN TAN2CS2 TAN2SC TAN2SC2 TANH TAYLOR0 TAYLR TCHEBYCHEFF TCOLLECT TDELTA TESTS TEVAL TEXPAND TEXT THEN TICKS TIME →TIME TINC TLIN TLINE TMENU TOT TRACE TRAN TRANSIO TRIG TRIGCOS TRIGO TRIGSIN TRIGTAN TRN TRNC TRUNC TRUTH TSIMP TSTR TVARS TVM TVMBEG TVMEND TVMROOT TYPE UBASE UFACT UFL1→MINIF UNASSIGN UNASSUME UNBIND →UNIT UNPICK UNROT UNTIL UPDIR UTPC UTPF UTPN UTPT UVAL →V2 →V3 VANDERMONDE VAR VARS VER VERSION VISIT VISITB VPOTENTIAL VTYPE WAIT WHILE WIREFRAME WSLOG ΣX2 ΣX^2 XCOL XGET XMIT XNUM XOR XPON XPUT XRECV XRNG XROOT XSEND XSERV XVOL XXRNG ΣXY ΣX*Y ΣY2 ΣY^2 YCOL YRNG YSLICE YVOL YYRNG ZEROS ZFACTOR ZVOL ^(Power) |(Where) √(Square Root) Page ∫(Integrate) ?(Undefined) ∞(Infinity) Σ(Summation) (Sigma Plus) Σ– (Sigma Minus) (Pi) ∂(Derivative) !(Factorial) %(Percent) _(Unit attachment) «» (Program delimiters) <(Less than) ≤(Less than or Equal) >(Greater than) ≥(Greater than or Equal) ≠(Not equal) *(Multiply) +(Add) –(Subtract) /(Divide) =(Equal) ==(Logical Equality) (Store) →(Create Local) ;(Semicolon) Computer Algebra System Page Using the CAS Examples and Help Compatibility with Other Calculators Extending the CAS Dealing with unexpected CAS results or messages Computer algebra command categories listed by menu Algebra commands, …× Arithmetic Integer commands, !ÞINTEGER Arithmetic Polynomial commands, !ÞPOLYNOMIAL Arithmetic Modulo commands, !ÞMODULO Arithmetic Permutation commands, !ÞPERMUTATION Other Arithmetic commands, !Þ Derivation and integration commands, !ÖDERIV. & INTEG Limits and series commands, !ÖLIMITS & SERIES Differential equations commands, !ÖDIFFERENTIAL EQNS Graphing commands, !ÖGRAPH Other Calculus commands, !Ö Create, !Ø CREATE Operations, !Ø OPERATIONS Operations Quadratic form, !Ø QUADRATIC FORM Linear Systems, !Ø LINEAR SYSTEMS Linear Applications, !Ø LINEAR APPL Eigenvectors, !Ø EIGENVECTORS Hyperbolic, …Ñ HYPERBOLIC Other Trigonometry commands, …Ñ Unit conversion tools, !Ú UNITS TOOLS Base conversion tools, !Ú BASE Trigonometric conversions, !Ú TRIG CONV Rewrite expression, !Ú REWRITE Matrix convert, !Ú MATRIX CONVERT Other mathematics operations CAS menu commands, …µ CAS utility operations Equation Reference Page Columns and Beams (1) Page Page Page Page Page Electricity (2) Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Fluids (3) Page Page Forces and Energy (4) Page Page Page Gases (5) Page Page Heat Transfer (6) Page Page Magnetism (7) Page Page Motion (8) Page Page Optics (9) Page Page Oscillations (10) Page Page Plane Geometry (11) Page Page Page Solid Geometry (12) Page Page Solid State Devices (13) Page Page Page Page Page Stress Analysis (14) Page Page Waves (15) Page Page Page The Development Library Development Library Command Reference Page Page Page Page Page Page CRLIB – Create Library Command Extension program Introduction Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Saturn ASM mode Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page ARM mode Page Page Page Page System RPL mode Page Page Example of a Saturn assembly language program using the MASD compiler Example of an ARM assembly language program using the MASD compiler Page Disassemblers The Entry Point Library: Extable Library A. Error and Status Messages Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page B. Tables of Units and Constants Page Page Page Page Page C. System Flags Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page D. Reserved Variables αENTER ALRMDAT βENTER CST EXPR IOPAR Page MASD.INI MHpar Mpar Nmines PPAR Page PRTPAR PTPAR STARTED STARTEQW STARTERR STARTOFF STARTRECV STARTSEND TPAR VPAR ZPAR ΣDAT ΣPAR CASINFO ENVSTACK EPS IERR MODULO PERIOD PRIMIT REALASSUME E. Technical Reference Symbolic Integration Patterns Page Trigonometric Expansions Precedence of Operations Source References F. Parallel Processing with Lists Page Page Page G. Keyboard Shortcuts Other keyboard shortcuts Shifted softkeys Page H. The Menu-NumberTable Menu Numbers Syntax Example: Menus 0 through Page Menus 118 through Menus 178 through Built-InLibrary Menus Page I. The Command Menu-PathTable Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page J. ASCII Character Codes and Translations Page K. Index