Kinetic Theory (5, 8)
These equations describe properties of an ideal gas.
Equations:
P = | n ⋅ MW ⋅ vrms2 |
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λ = |
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n ⋅ NA |
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| 2 ⋅ π ⋅ | ⋅ d | 2 | |||
| V | |
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vrms = | |
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m = n ⋅ MW
Example:
Given: P=100_kPa, V=2_1, T=26.85_°C, MW=18_g/gmol, d=2.5_nm.
Solution: vrms=644.7678_m/s,
Variable Description
αExpansion coefficient
δElongation
λ1, λ2 | Lower and upper wavelength limits |
λmax | Wavelength of maximum emissive power |
ΔT | Temperature difference |
AArea
cSpecific heat
eb12 | Emissive power in the range λ1 to λ2 |
eb | Total emissive power |
fFraction of emissive power in the range λ1 to λ2
h, h1,h3 Convective
k, k1, k2, k3 | Thermal conductivity |
L, L1, L2, L3 | Length |
mMass
QHeat capacity
qHeat transfer rate
TTemperature
Tc | Cold surface temperature (Conduction), or | |
Cold fluid temperature | ||
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Th | Hot surface temperature, or | |
Hot fluid temperature (Conduction + Convection) | ||
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Ti, Tf | Initial and final temperature |
UOverall heat transfer coefficient
References: 7, 9.